Advancements in Cancer Research focuses on selected topics in Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Pediatric Oncology, and Hematological Oncology. The book explores the advancements in our understanding of severe radiotherapy side effects such as osteoradionecrosis of the jaws and radiation-induced trismus, addressing their clinical and radiological features, and strategies for diagnosis and management. It underscores the quality-of-life concerns arising from radiotherapy, collecting data on the physical, social, and emotional effects of these conditions. Advancements in Cancer Research also discusses innovative treatments for brain metastases and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It addresses the challenges and advancements in treating neuroblastoma, a prevalent infant tumor. The book offers insights into dental implant-supported prostheses, an emerging oral rehabilitation option for patients who have undergone radiotherapy. One chapter is dedicated to cell microarrays, a powerful technique for studying numerous tissue samples on a single slide, highlighting its potential for drug screening and biomarker tracking. The book stands as a testament to the collaborative effort of many authors, who have contributed their expertise in various areas of oncology, fostering a better understanding of cancer research advancements. It is primarily designed for clinicians, although basic scientists will find valuable insights.

Contents

• Foreword
• Preface
• List Of Contributors
• 1. Challenges in the Radiological Diagnosis of Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
  Busra Yilmaz, Efsun Somay, Ahmet Kucuk, Berrin Pehlivan, Ugur Selek, and Erkan Topkan.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORNJ
  • GRADING SYSTEMS FOR ORNJ
  • DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
  • DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 2. Definitions of Radiation-induced Trismus in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Concepts and Controversies
  Efsun Somay, Busra Yilmaz, Erkan Topkan, Ahmet Kucuk, Berrin Pehlivan, and Ugur Selek.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • RADIATION-INDUCED TRISMUS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
  • METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF RADIATION-INDUCED TRISMUS
  • DEFINITIONS OF TRISMUS AND THEIR COMPARISONS
  • DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 3. Assessment of the Impact of Osteoradionecrosis on Quality-of-Life Measures in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
  Efsun Somay, Busra Yilmaz, Erkan Topkan, Ahmet Kucuk, Berrin Pehlivan, and Ugur Selek.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE INFLUENCE OF ORNJ ON EVERYDAY LIVING AND QOL METRICS
  • MEASUREMENT TOOLS FOR EVALUATION OF QOL IN ORNJ PATIENTS
  • DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 4. Combined Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Brain Metastasis
  Ahmet Kucuk, Erkan Topkan, Nulifer Kılıc Durankus, Sukran Senyurek, Eyub Yasar Akdemir, Duygu Sezen, Yasemin Bolukbasi, Ugur Selek, and Berrin Pehlivan.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS
  • INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND RADIOTHERAPY
  • CLINICAL EVIDENCE FOR COMBINATION THERAPY
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 5. Preoperative Radiosurgical Management of Brain Metastases: Evidence and Challenges
  Erkan Topkan, Ahmet Kucuk, Sukran Senyurek, Duygu Sezen, Nulifer Kilic Durankus, Eyub Yasar Akdemir, Yasemin Bolukbasi, Berrin Pehlivan, and Ugur Selek.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • CHOICE OF TREATMENT
  • PREOPERATIVE SRS CLINICAL DATA
  • DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 6. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Knowledge and Future Advances in Cytogenomic Testing
  Lauren M. Wainman, Wahab A. Khan, and Prabhjot Kaur.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • PROGNOSTIC MARKERS
  • CLL PATHOGENESIS
  • OPTICAL GENOME MAPPING ADVANCING CYTOGENOMIC TESTING
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 7. In Situ Neuroblastoma: The Intriguing “Tumor” of Neuroectodermal Origin and the Putative Cancer Stem Cells
  Consolato M. Sergi.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • PATHOLOGY
  • THE QUEBEC AND GERMAN NEUROBLASTOMA SCREENING PROGRAMS
  • HETEROGENEITY CONUNDRUM AND THE IN-SITU NEUROBLASTOMA
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 8. Radiotherapy and Dental Implant Applications in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
  Efsun Somay, Busra Yilmaz, Erkan Topkan, Berrin Pehlivan, and Ugur Selek.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE IMPACT OF RADIOTHERAPY ON OSSEOINTEGRATION AND SURVIVAL OF DENTAL IMPLANTS IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER PATIENTS
  • THE DILEMMA OF OPTIMAL TIME OF DENTAL IMPLANT PLACEMENT IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER PATIENTS
  • CONSIDERATIONS FOR DENTAL IMPLANT SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD AND NECK CANCER
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 9. Cell Microarray: An Approach to Evaluate Drug-Induced Alterations in Protein Expression
  Mariana Nunes, Diana Nunes, and Sara Ricardo.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • CELL MICROARRAY
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES

Consolato M. Sergi, MD, PhD, MPH, FRCPC, FCAP, is chief of pathology at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, full professor of pathology and an adjunct professor of pediatrics at the Universities of Ottawa, Ontario, and Alberta, Canada. He is also a consultant for Standards and Guidelines in Carcinogenesis of Chemical Compounds published by the World Health Organization/International Agency on Research on Cancer (WHO/IARC monographs), Lyon, France. His research interests include hepatic tumors, metabolic diseases, cholangiopathies, organ transplantation, and gut/bile microbiome using cell lines, animal models, and clinical samples. He identified the role of apoptosis in ductal plate malformation of the liver, characterized sialidosis, and found two new genes, WDR62, which encodes a centrosome-associated protein (Nat Genet 2010) and OTX2, mutations of which can contribute to dysgnathia (J Med Genet 2012). Professor Sergi has published more than 350 research/review articles and several books and book chapters. All the royalties from his books go to charities of families and children. He has supervised and mentored many PhD students and clinical fellows. He is also on the editorial boards of several scientific journals.

Advancements in Cancer Research

ISBN: 978-0-6453320-9-4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications.advancements-in-cancer-research

Edited by

Consolato M. Sergi, MD, PhD, MPH, FRCPC, FCAP, Anatomic Pathology Division, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, ON, Canada

Published by

Exon Publications, Brisbane, Australia

Copyright© 2023 Exon Publications

Copyright of individual chapters belongs to the respective authors. The authors grant unrestricted publishing and distribution rights to the publisher. The electronic versions of the chapters are published under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Users are allowed to share and adapt the chapters for any non-commercial purposes as long as the authors and the publisher are explicitly identified and properly acknowledged as the original source. The book in its entirety is subject to copyright by the publisher. The reproduction, modification, replication and display of the book in its entirety, in any form, by anyone, for commercial purposes are strictly prohibited without the written consent of the publisher.

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First Published in August 2023

Printed in Australia