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RTI Press Research Brief [Internet]. Research Triangle Park (NC): RTI Press; 2014-. doi: 10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0027.2108
| Domain | Exemplar Goals and Indicators for Younger (36–48 months) and Older (48–60+ months) Preschoolers |
|---|---|
| Health and Physical Development | HPD-2: Children engage in active physical play indoors and outdoors • Develop strength and stamina by spending moderate periods of time playing vigorously (36–60+ months) • Participate in structured and unstructured motor activities that build strength, speed, flexibility, and coordination (48–60+ months) |
| HPD-4: Children develop the large muscle control and abilities needed to move through and explore their environment • Coordinate movement of upper and lower body (48–60+ months) • Perform complex movements smoothly (48–60+ months) • Refine movements and show generally good coordination (36–48 months) | |
| HPD-5: Children develop small muscle control and hand-eye coordination to manipulate objects and work with tools • Engage in activities that require hand-eye coordination (36–48 months) • Use tools that require strength and dexterity of small muscles with moderate degrees of control (48–60+ months) | |
| Approaches to Play and Learning | APL-6: Children use a variety of strategies to solve problems • Describe the steps they will use to solve a problem (48–60+ months) • Evaluate different strategies and select the strategy they feel will work without having to try it (48–60+ months) • Explain how they solved a problem to another person (48–60+ months) |
| APL-8: Children maintain attentiveness and focus • Focus on age-appropriate activities for a short period of time even with interruptions (36–48 months) • Sometimes able to ignore irrelevant information when focusing on a task (48–60+ months) | |
| APL-9 Children persist at challenging activities • Keep working to complete tasks, including those that are somewhat difficult (36–48 months) • When something does not work, try different ways to complete the task (36–60+ months) • Plan and follow through on longer-term tasks (48–60+ months) | |
| Cognitive Development | CD-10: Children show understanding of numbers and quantities during play and other activities • Count up to 10 objects arranged in a line using one-to-one correspondence and answer the question “how many?” (48–60+ months) • Show they understand that adding objects to a group will make a bigger group, and taking away objects will make a smaller group (36–48 months) • Match numerals 1–5 to sets of objects with guidance and support (48–60+ months) |
| Emotional and Social Development | ESD-2: Children express positive feelings about themselves and confidence in what they can do • Try new activities and attempt new challenges (36–48 months) • Express the belief that they can do many things (36–60+ months) |
| ESD-5: Children demonstrate the social and behavioral skills needed to successfully participate in groups • Follow social rules, transitions, and routines that have been explained to them (48–60+ months) • Express respect and caring for all people with disabilities and those from different cultures (48–60+ months) | |
| Language Development and Communication | LDC-14: Children use knowledge of letters in their attempts to write • Begin to use letters to write their name and some familiar words (36–48 months) |
| LDC-15: Children use writing skills and conventions • Use a variety of writing tools and materials with increasing precision (48–60+ months) |
From: The Multiple Benefits of Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood
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