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Huang X, editor. Alzheimer’s Disease: Drug Discovery [Internet]. Brisbane (AU): Exon Publications; 2020 Dec 18. doi: 10.36255/exonpublications.alzheimersdisease.2020.ch1
| Symptoms and characteristics | |
|---|---|
| Stage 1 | Persons appear cognitively normal, but pathological changes are happening in the brain. |
| Stage 2 | Prodromal stage: mild memory loss, but generally this is indistinguishable from normal forgetfulness. |
| Stage 3 | Progression into mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Individuals may get lost or have difficulty in finding correct wording. |
| Stage 4 | Moderate dementia; poor short-term memory. Individuals forget some of their personal history. |
| Stage 5 | Cognition continues to decline and at this point individuals need help in their daily lives. They suffer from confusion and forget many personal details. |
| Stage 6 | Severe dementia. Requiring constant supervision and care. Patients fail to recognize many of their family and friends and have personality changes. |
| Stage 7 | Individuals are nearing death. They show motor symptoms, have difficulty communicating, are incontinent and require assistance in feeding. |
From: Chapter 1, Alzheimer’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology and Pathogenesis
Licence: This open access article is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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