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LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-.
LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet].
Show detailsOVERVIEW
The incretins are gastrointestinal polypeptide hormones that act to modulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. These hormones include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), and they are secreted from the upper gastrointestinal tract in response to feeding. They act on the pancreas, causing insulin release even before blood glucose levels are elevated. Both hormones are polypeptides that are rapidly cleared from the serum by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). The incretin pathway provides several potential targets for therapy of type 2 diabetes, the main ones being DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues. These incretin-based hypoglycemic agents are relatively new and they have not been implicated as common causes of drug induced liver injury. These two groups of incretin-based drugs are quite different in chemical structure, pharmacology and safety profile and are discussed separately.
Drug Class: Antidiabetic Agents
Drugs in the Subclass, Incretin-Based Drugs:
CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND STRUCTURES
| DRUG | CAS REGISTRY NUMBER | MOLECULAR FORMULA | STRUCTURE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alogliptin | 850649-62-6 | C18-H21-N5-O2.C7-H6-O2 |
 |
| Linagliptin | 668270-12-0 | C25-H28-N8-O2 |
 |
| Saxagliptin | 945667-22-1 | C18-H25-N3-O2.H2O |
 |
| Sitagliptin | 486460-32-6 | C16-H15-F6-N5-O |
 |
- PubChem SubstanceRelated PubChem Substances
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- Review Inhibition of DPP-4: a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[Curr Med Res Opin. 2007]Review Inhibition of DPP-4: a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Pratley RE, Salsali A. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Apr; 23(4):919-31.
- Review Incretin hormones: Their role in health and disease.[Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018]Review Incretin hormones: Their role in health and disease.Nauck MA, Meier JJ. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Feb; 20 Suppl 1:5-21.
- Incretin-Based Drugs - LiverToxIncretin-Based Drugs - LiverTox
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