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Holmes KK, Bertozzi S, Bloom BR, et al., editors. Major Infectious Diseases. 3rd edition. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2017 Nov 3. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0524-0_ch18

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Major Infectious Diseases. 3rd edition.

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Table 18.1Regulation of Antibiotic Use in Livestock in OECD Countries

CountryBan on antibiotic growth promotersPrescription required
AustraliaNo, but some AGPs banned (fluoroquinolones, avoparcin, and others)Yes, prescription required for most veterinary antibiotics
CanadaNo, voluntary phaseout notice issued in April 2014 that mimics the U.S. FDA approachNo, plan to strengthen veterinary oversight developed in line with the U.S. FDA approach
ChileNo dataNo data
European Union member statesYes, all AGPs banned in 2006Yes
IsraelNo dataNo data
JapanNoYes
MexicoYes, AGPs banned in 2007 with exceptions (avoparcin, vancomycin, bacitracin, tylosin, virginiamycin, and others)Yes
New ZealandYes, for critically and highly important antibiotics as listed by the WHO and the OIEYes, for antibiotics identified as having potential for resistance problems
Korea, Rep.Yes, AGP use discontinued in 2011 until a veterinary oversight system can be put in placeYes, veterinary oversight system in development
TurkeyNo dataNo data
United StatesNo, voluntary guidelines to withdraw the use of medically important antibiotics as promoters released by U.S. FDA in 2013No, under new U.S. FDA guidance, use of medically important antibiotics to be under the oversight of licensed growth veterinarians

Sources: Table adapted from Laxminarayan, Van Boeckel, and Teillant 2015. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care 2013; European Union 2003; Government of Canada 2014; MAF New Zealand 2011; Maron, Smith, and Nachman 2013; USDA 2011, 2013; U.S. FDA 2013.

Note: AGP = antibiotic growth promoter; OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; OIE = World Organisation for Animal Health; U.S. FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration; WHO = World Health Organization.

From: Chapter 18, Drug-Resistant Infections

© 2017 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.

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