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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US); 2016 Jun.
| DSM-IV | DSM-5 |
|---|---|
| Disorder Class: Anxiety Disorders | SAME |
| Marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood). | Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood). |
| Exposure to the phobic stimulus almost invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response, which may take the form of a situationally bound or situationally predisposed panic attack. | The phobic object or situation almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety. |
| The person recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable. | The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the specific object or situation and to the sociocultural context. |
| The phobic situation(s) is avoided or else is endured with intense anxiety or distress. | The phobic object or situation is actively avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety. |
| The avoidance, anxious anticipation, or distress in the feared situation(s) interferes significantly with the person’s normal routine, occupational (or academic) functioning, or social activities or relationships, or there is marked distress about having the phobia. | The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. |
| In individuals under age 18 years, the duration is at least 6 months. | The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more. |
| The anxiety, panic attacks, or phobic avoidance associated with the specific object or situation are not better accounted for by another mental disorder, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (e.g., fear of dirt in someone with an obsession about contamination), posttraumatic stress disorder (e.g., avoidance of stimuli associated with a severe stressor), separation anxiety disorder (e.g., avoidance of school), social phobia (e.g., avoidance of social situations because of fear of embarrassment), panic disorder with agoraphobia, or agoraphobia without History of panic disorder. | The disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, including fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations associated with panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating symptoms (as in agoraphobia); objects or situations related to obsessions (as in obsessive-compulsive disorder); reminders of traumatic events (as in posttraumatic stress disorder); separation from home or attachment figures (as in separation anxiety disorder); or social situations (as in social anxiety disorder). |
| Specify type: Animal Type (e.g., spiders, insects, dogs) | SAME |
| Specify type: Natural Environment Type (e.g., heights, storms, water) | SAME |
| Specify type: Blood-Injection-Injury Type (e.g., needles, invasive medical procedures) | SAME |
| Specify type: Situational Type (e.g., airplanes, elevators, enclosed places) | SAME |
| Specify type: Other Type (e.g., phobic avoidance of situations that may lead to choking, vomiting, or contracting an illness; in children, avoidance of loud sounds or costumed characters) | SAME |
From: 3, Mental Illness
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