Summary of Use during Lactation

Semaglutide was not detectable in the milk of mothers taking the drug subcutaneously. Their breastfed infants experienced no adverse effects. Some brands of oral semaglutide, such as Rybelsus, contain the absorption enhancer salcaprozate sodium, which may enter milk and accumulate in infants. Only injectable forms of semaglutide should be used during breastfeeding.

Drug Levels

Maternal Levels. Eight nursing mothers who were using subcutaneous semaglutide in doses ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg weekly donated milk samples at 0,12 and 24 hours after a dose. None of the samples contained any measurable semaglutide (<1.7 mcg/L). The authors calculated that if milk had contained semaglutide at the detection limit, the relative infant dose would have averaged only 1.12%.[1] This does not take into consideration that the drug is poorly absorbed orally, with a maximum bioavailability of 1% in adults.

Infant Levels. Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

Effects in Breastfed Infants

Eight nursing mothers were using subcutaneous semaglutide in doses ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg weekly. Their infants ranged in age from 4 to 23 months of age and were mixed fed. They were fed breastmilk for 3 to 9 weeks while their mothers were taking semaglutide. All of the infants were reported to have normal growth and development by their mothers.[1]

Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk

Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

Alternate Drugs to Consider

Acarbose, Glipizide, Glyburide, Insulin, Metformin, Miglitol

References

1.

Diab H, Fuquay T, Datta P, et al. Subcutaneous semaglutide during breastfeeding: Infant safety regarding drug transfer into human milk. Nutrients 2024;16:2886. [PMC free article: PMC11397063] [PubMed: 39275201]

Substance Name

Semaglutide

CAS Registry Number

910463-68-2

Drug Class

Breast Feeding

Lactation

Milk, Human

Hypoglycemic Agents

Incretins

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists

GLP-1 Agonists