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Goldstein KM, Coeytaux RR, Williams JW Jr, et al. Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Menopause-Associated Vasomotor Symptoms [Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Veterans Affairs (US); 2016 Jul.

Cover of Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Menopause-Associated Vasomotor Symptoms

Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Menopause-Associated Vasomotor Symptoms [Internet].

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APPENDIX DMEASUREMENT SCALES FOR MENOPAUSE

VASOMOTOR SYMPTOMS (VMS)

  • Daily Hot Flash Diary (Sloan et al, 2001). A measure of self-reported hot flashes, night sweats and/or severity of hot flashes typically using a dairy to record the frequency and severity of hot flashes using a 4-point scale: mild, moderate, severe, very severe to provide a hot flash index (sum of the number of hot flashes multiplied by severity).
  • Hot Flush Rating Scale (Hunter et al, 1995). Yields a hot flush frequency score (2 items that each have times/day and days/week summed to give number of hot flushes and night sweats that have caused waking in the past week) and a hot flush problem rating (3 items, each scored 1 to 10).
  • Vasomotor subscales. From instruments such as the Green Climacteric Scale, the Kupperman Menopausal Index, the Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ), and the Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) Specific to Perimenopausal Symptoms (ie, measures used to report menopause-related HRQOL).
  • Greene Climacteric Scale. 21 questions covering 5 domains: anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, vasomotor symptoms, and sexual function. Each question is answered on a 4-point Likert scale. The answers to all 21 questions are summed to give a total quality-of-life measure; a higher score indicates a worse quality of life.
  • Global quality of life. Not a specific measure but a term used for single-item visual analogue scales designed to measure overall quality of life when 0 is the lowest possible and 100 is the highest possible quality of life.
  • Hot Flush Behavior Scale (or Hunter menopause scale). A measure of behavioral reactions to VMS.
  • Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale. A 10-item measure for assessing the impact of vasomotor symptoms on daily activities in nine specific domains within the past week (work, social activities, leisure activities, sleep, mood, concentration, relation with others, sexuality, and enjoyment of life) and overall quality of life.
  • Kupperman Menopausal Index. A numerical index that scores 11 menopausal symptoms: hot flushes, paresthesia, insomnia, nervousness, melancholia, vertigo, weakness, arthralgia or myalgia, headache, palpitations, and formication. Each symptom is rated from 0 to 3 according to severity. The scores are weighted and a total sum is calculated with a higher score indicating a worse quality of life.
  • Menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL) (Lewis et al, 2005). 29 questions covering 4 domains: vasomotor, psychosocial, physical, and sexual. The scoring for each question is 1–“No”, 2–“Yes, but not at all bothered” through 8–“Yes, extremely bothered.” The scores for each question are summed for a total quality-of-life score where a higher score indicates a worse quality of life.
  • Menopause Rating Scale. Scores 11 menopausal symptoms: hot flushes, heart discomfort, sleep problems, depressive mood, irritability, anxiety, physical and mental exhaustion, sexual problems, bladder problems, vaginal dryness, and joint and muscular discomfort. Each item is scored from 0-4. The scores are summed for a total quality-of-life score, in which a higher score indicates a worse quality of life.
  • Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ). Contains menopause-specific quality of life subscales enabling a detailed assessment of dimensions of emotional and physical health, such as depression, anxiety, sleep problems, somatic symptoms, with optional subscales for menstrual problems and sexual difficulties.
  • Utian Quality of Life Scale (UQOL). 23 items scored 1 to 5; 4 subscales (occupational, health, emotional, sexual) and total score.

GENERAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL)

  • SF-36 or Rand-36. Consists of 36 questions covering 8 domains: physical functioning, role limitations caused by physical health problems, role limitations caused by emotional problems, social functioning, emotional well-being, energy/fatigue, pain, and general health perceptions. This questionnaire produces outcomes on total quality of life, sub-scores for each of the domains, a physical health sub-score, or a mental health sub-score. For this scale, the higher the score, the better the quality of life.
  • Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Subscale (FACT-ES). An 18-item instrument designed to measure the side effects and benefits of hormonal treatments used in women with breast cancer.
  • EQ-5D-3L. Evaluates function in 5 domains: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 3 levels: no problems, some problems, extreme problems.
  • EQ-5D-5L. Like the EQ-5D-3L but each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems.
  • EQ VAS. Records the respondent's self-rated health on a 20 cm vertical, visual analogue scale with endpoints labelled “the best health you can imagine” and “the worst health you can imagine.”
  • Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Measures overall quality of life and has 5 subscales including physical, social, emotional, functional well-being, and breast concerns.

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