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Excerpt
This report, the first Surgeon General's report on youth violence in the United States, summarizes an extensive body of research and seeks to clarify seemingly contradictory trends, such as the discrepancies noted above between official records of youth violence and young people's self-reports of violent behaviors. It describes research identifying and clarifying the factors that increase the risk, or statistical probability, that a young person will become violent, as well as studies that have begun to identify developmental pathways that may lead a young person into a violent lifestyle. The report also explores the less well developed research area of factors that seem to protect youths from viewing violence as an acceptable -- or inevitable -- way of approaching or responding to life events. Finally, the report reviews research on the effectiveness of specific strategies and programs designed to reduce and prevent youth violence.
Contents
- Message from Donna E. Shalala
- Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 1 -- Introduction
- Chapter 2 -- the Magnitude of Youth Violence
- Chapter 3 -- The Developmental Dynamics of Youth Violence
- Early- and Late-Onset Trajectories
- Onset and Prevalence of Serious Violence
- Cumulative Prevalence
- Rates of Offending and Violent Careers
- Developmental Pathway to Violence
- Chronic Violent Offenders
- Superpredators?
- Co-occurring Problem Behaviors
- Offending and Victimization
- Transition to Adulthood
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 4 -- Risk Factors for Youth Violence
- Introduction to Risk and Protective Factors
- Risk Factors in Childhood
- Risk Factors in Adolescence
- Proposed Protective Factors in Childhood and Adolescence
- Conclusions
- References
- Appendix 4-Alipsey and Derzon's Classes of Risk Factors
- Appendix 4-B Violence in the Media and Its Effect on Youth Violence
- Media Violence: Exposure and Content
- Major Behavioral Effects of Media Violence
- Summary of Major Empirical Research Findings
- Preventive Efforts
- Implications
- References
- Chapter 5 -- Prevention and Intervention
- Promoting Healthy, Nonviolent Children
- Methods of Identifying Best Practices
- Scientific Standards for Determining Program Effectiveness
- Strategies and Programs: Model, Promising, and Does Not Work
- Cost-Effectiveness
- Conclusions
- Going to Scale
- References
- Appendix 5-A -- Consistency of Best Practices Evaluations
- Appendix 5-B Descriptions of Specific Programs that Meet Standards for Model and Promising Categories
- Chapter 6 -- A Vision for the Future
- Continue to Build the Science Base
- Accelerate the Decline in Gun Use by Youths in Violent Encounters
- Facilitate the Entry of Youths Into Effective Intervention Programs Rather Than Incarcerating Them
- Disseminate Model Programs with Incentives that Will Ensure Fidelity to Original Program Design When Taken to Scale
- Provide Training and Certification Programs for Intervention Personnel
- Improve Public Awareness of Effective Interventions
- Convene Youths and Families, Researchers, and Private and Public Organizations for a Periodic Youth Violence Summit
- Improve Federal, State, and Local Strategies for Reporting Crime Information and Violent Deaths
- Conclusion
- References
- Glossary
- NLM CatalogRelated NLM Catalog Entries
- Epidemiology of juvenile violence.[Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N...]Epidemiology of juvenile violence.Farrington DP, Loeber R. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2000 Oct; 9(4):733-48.
- Sociologic perspectives on juvenile violence.[Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N...]Sociologic perspectives on juvenile violence.Currie E. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2000 Oct; 9(4):749-63.
- Surveillance for violent deaths - National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 states, 2010.[MMWR Surveill Summ. 2014]Surveillance for violent deaths - National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 states, 2010.Parks SE, Johnson LL, McDaniel DD, Gladden M, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Surveill Summ. 2014 Jan 17; 63(1):1-33.
- Review Navigating between cultures: the role of culture in youth violence.[J Adolesc Health. 2004]Review Navigating between cultures: the role of culture in youth violence.Soriano FI, Rivera LM, Williams KJ, Daley SP, Reznik VM. J Adolesc Health. 2004 Mar; 34(3):169-76.
- Review Before and after the trauma bay: the prevention of violent injury among youth.[Ann Emerg Med. 2009]Review Before and after the trauma bay: the prevention of violent injury among youth.Cunningham R, Knox L, Fein J, Harrison S, Frisch K, Walton M, Dicker R, Calhoun D, Becker M, Hargarten SW. Ann Emerg Med. 2009 Apr; 53(4):490-500. Epub 2009 Jan 22.
- Youth ViolenceYouth Violence
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