| Intervention and Comparator | Number of Studies (Sample Sizes) | Outcome and Results | Strength of Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Therapist-led CBT versus waitlist | MA of 4 RCTs (N=295) | CBT increased binge abstinence: RR, 4.95 (95% CI, 3.06 to 8.00, p = 0.000) | High for benefit |
| MA of 3 RCTs (N=208) | CBT decreased the frequency of binge episodes per week: mean difference −2.32 (95% CI, −4.56 to −0.09, p=0.04) | High for benefit | |
| 5 RCTs (N=344) | CBT decreased eating-related psychopathology | High for benefit | |
| 5 RCTs (N=344) | No difference for BMI | Moderate for no difference | |
| 5 RCTs (N=344) | No difference for depression | Moderate for no difference | |
| Partially therapist-led CBT versus waitlist | 2 RCTs (N=162) | CBT decreased binge frequency | Low for benefit |
| 2 RCTs (N=162) | CBT increased binge abstinence | Low for benefit | |
| 2 RCTs (N=162) | No difference for BMI | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=162) | No difference for depression | Low for no difference | |
| Structured self-help CBT versus waitlist | 2 RCTs (N=162) | CBT decreased binge frequency | Low for benefit |
| 2 RCTs (N=162) | No difference for BMI | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=162) | No difference for depression | Low for no difference | |
| Guided self-help CBT versus waitlist | 2 RCTs (N=122) | CBT increased binge abstinence | Low for CBT benefit |
| 2 RCTs (N=122) | CBT decreased binge frequency | Low for CBT benefit | |
| 2 RCTs (N=122) | CBT decreased eating-related psychopathology | Low for CBT benefit | |
| Therapist-led versus partially therapist-led CBT | 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in binge frequency or abstinence | Low for no difference |
| 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in eating-related psychopathology | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in BMI | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in symptoms of depression | Low for no difference | |
| Therapist-led versus structured self-help CBT | 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in eating-related psychopathology | Low for no difference |
| 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in BMI | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=158) | No difference in symptoms of depression | Low for no difference | |
| Partially therapist-led versus structured self-help CBT | 2 RCTs (N=164) | No difference in binge frequency or abstinence | Low for no difference |
| 2 RCTs (N=164) | No difference in eating-related psychopathology | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=164) | No difference in BMI | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=164) | No difference in symptoms of depression | Low for no difference | |
| Therapist-led CBT versus BWL | 2 RCTs (N=170) | CBT decreased binge frequency more than BWL at end of treatment and up to 12-month followup | Low for CBT benefit |
| 2 RCTs (N=170) | No difference in abstinence | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=170) | No difference in eating-related psychopathology | Low for no difference | |
| 2 RCTs (N=170) | BWL decreased BMI more than CBT at end of treatment | Moderate for BWL benefit | |
| 2 RCTs (N=170) | No difference in symptoms of depression | Low for no difference |
BMI = body mass index; BWL = behavioral weight loss; CBT = cognitive-behavioral therapy; N = number; RCT = randomized controlled trial.
From: Discussion
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