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Treatment of Common Hip Fractures
Evidence Reports/Technology Assessments, No. 184
Investigators: Mary Butler, PhD, MBA, Mary Forte, DC, Robert L Kane, MD, Siddharth Joglekar, MD, Susan J Duval, PhD, Marc Swiontkowski, MD, and Timothy Wilt, MD, MPH.
Structured Abstract
Objectives:
To conduct a systematic review and synthesize the evidence for the effects of surgical treatments for subcapital and intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric hip fractures on patient-focused outcomes for elderly patients.
Data Sources:
MEDLINE®, Cochrane databases, Scirus, and ClinicalTrials.gov, and expert consultants. We also manually searched reference lists from relevant systematic reviews.
Review Methods:
High quality quasi-experimental design studies were used to examine relationships between patient characteristics, type of fracture, and patient outcomes. Randomized controlled trials were used to examine relationships between type of surgical treatment and patient outcomes. Patient mortality was examined with Forest plots. Narrative analysis was used for pain, quality of life (QoL), and functional outcomes due to inconsistently measured and reported outcomes.
Results:
Mortality does not appear to differ by device class, or by devices within a class. Nor, on the whole, do pain, functioning, and QoL. Some internal fixation devices may confer earlier return to functioning over others for some patients, but such gains are very short lived. Very limited results suggest that subcapital hip fracture patients with total hip replacements have improved patient outcomes over internal fixation, but it is unclear whether these results would continue to hold if the analyses included the full complement of relevant covariates. Age, gender, prefracture functioning, and cognitive impairment appear to be related to mortality and functional outcomes. Fracture type does not appear to be independently related to patient outcomes. Again, however, the observational literature does not include the full complement of potential covariates and it is uncertain if these results would hold.
Conclusions:
Several factors limit our ability to definitively answer the key questions posed in this study using the existing literature. Limited perspectives lead to incomplete sets of independent variables included in analyses. Specific populations are poorly defined and separated for comparative study. Fractures with widely varying biomechanical problems are often lumped together. Outcome variables are inconsistently measured and reported, making it very difficult to aggregate or even compare results. If future high quality trials continue to support the evidence that differences in devices are short term at best, within the first few weeks to few months of recovery, policy implications involve establishing the value of a shorter recovery relative to the cost of the new device. As the literature generally focuses on community dwelling elderly patients, more attention needs to be directed toward understanding implications of surgical treatment choices for the nursing home population.
Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Executive Summary
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Methods
- 3. Results
- Search Results
- Key Question 1: What is the relationship between patient variables, the type of fracture, and post-treatment outcomes?
- Key Question 2: What is the relationship between the type of fracture and post-treatment outcomes?
- Key Question 3: What is the relationship between implant variables and patient post-treatment outcomes?
- Key Question 4: What is the relationship between the type of intervention and patient post-treatment outcomes?
- 4. Discussion
- References and Included Studies
- List of Acronyms/Abbreviations
- Appendixes
Prepared for: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.1 Contract No. HHSA 290 2007 10064 1. Prepared by: Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Suggested citation:
Butler M, Forte M, Kane RL, Joglekar S, Duval SJ, Swiontkowski M., Wilt T. Treatment of Common Hip Fractures. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 184 (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. HHSA 290 2007 10064 1.) AHRQ Publication No. 09-E013. Rockville, MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. August 2009.
This report is based on research conducted by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. HHSA 290 2007 10064 1). The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the authors, who are responsible for its content, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
The information in this report is intended to help clinicians, employers, policymakers, and others make informed decisions about the provision of health care services. This report is intended as a reference and not as a substitute for clinical judgment.
This report may be used, in whole or in part, as the basis for the development of clinical practice guidelines and other quality enhancement tools, or as a basis for reimbursement and coverage policies. AHRQ or U.S. Department of Health and Human Services endorsement of such derivative products may not be stated or implied.
No investigators have any affiliations or financial involvement (e.g., employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties) that conflict with material presented in this report.
- 1
540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850. www
.ahrq.gov
- Review Evidence summary: systematic review of surgical treatments for geriatric hip fractures.[J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011]Review Evidence summary: systematic review of surgical treatments for geriatric hip fractures.Butler M, Forte ML, Joglekar SB, Swiontkowski MF, Kane RL. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 Jun 15; 93(12):1104-15.
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