| Malmberg, 1994 (121) | CCU | People with diabetes with suspected or confirmed acute MI | 100 | 28% decrease mortality after 1 year |
| Furnary, 1999 (73) | CCU | People with diabetes undergoing CABG | 100 | 65% decrease in deep sternal wound infection rate |
| Van den Berghe, 2001 (113) | Surgical ICU | Mixed, with CABG | 13 | 34% decrease in mortality |
| Furnary, 2003 (86) | CCU | People with diabetes undergoing CABG | 100 | 50% decrease in adjusted mortality rate |
| Krinsley, 2003 (72) | Medical and surgical ICU | Mixed | 22.4 | 27% decrease in mortality |
| Lazar, 2004 (122) | Operating room and ICU | People with diabetes undergoing CABG | 100 | 60% decrease of post - operative atrial fibrillation |
| Van den Berghe, 2006 (114) | Medical ICU | Mixed | 17 | 18% decrease mortality |
| Gandhi, 2007 (123) | Operating Room | Mixed, undergoing cardiac surgery | 19.6 | No difference in mortality; increase in stroke rate in the intensive treatment arm |
| VISEP, 2008 (115) | Medical ICU | Mixed, admitted with sepsis | 30 | No differences in 28-day or 90-day mortality, end-organ failure, length of stay |
| De La Rosa, 2008 (116) | Medical and surgical ICU | Mixed | 12 | No differences in 28-day mortality or infection rate |
| Glucontrol, 2009 (124) | Medical and surgical ICU | Mixed | 18 | No difference in 28-day mortality |
| NICE-SUGAR, 2009/2012 (24; 29) | Medical and surgical ICU | Mixed | 20 | No difference in 90-day mortality |
| Boston Children’s (SPECS), 2012 (125; 126) | Cardiac ICU | Cardiac surgery, people without diabetes | 0 | No differences in 30-day mortality, length of stay, in the cardiac ICU, length of hospital, duration of mechanical ventilation and vasoactive support, or measures of organ failure |
| ChiP, 2014 (127) | Pediatric ICU | Critical illness/injury/major surgery, those without diabetes. | 0 | No difference in 30-day mortality. Increased hypoglycemia in the intensive treated group |
| CGAO–REA, 2014 (128; 129) | Medical ICU | Mixed | 23 | No difference in 90-day mortality. Increased hypoglycemia in the intensive treated group |
| Okabayashi, 2014 (130) | Surgical ICU | Mixed | 25.3 | Decreased surgical site infection in the intensive treated group |
| Umpierrez (GLUCOCABG) 2015 | Surgical ICU | CABG | 50% | No difference in mortality |
Gunst et al
ICU | ICU | | XX | No difference in mortality |
