Summary of Findings of the Included RCT

Main Relevant Study Findings

Author’s Conclusions

Bergholdt et al., 2008⁶

Differences from start to end of trial.

Change in Lower Back Pain (mean (0–10))[IQR] †, ‡
Waterbed Foam Mattress   Firm Mattress
−0.4[−2,0]*    0.1[−1,1]   0.5[0,1]**

Change in Leg Pain (mean (0–10))[IQR] ‡
Waterbed Foam Mattress   Firm Mattress
−0.5[−1,1]   −0.3[−1,1] 0.4[0,1]**

Change in ADL (mean (0–10))[IQR] ‡
Waterbed Foam Mattress   Firm Mattress
0[−4,2]    1[−2,2]   2[0,2]**

Change in Sleep (hours)[IQR] †, ‡
Waterbed Foam Mattress   Firm Mattress
0.6[−0.5,1] 0.3[−0.5,0.5] −0.4[−0.5,0]**

Change within mattress type over 1 month
* no influence statistically significant
** worst-case statistically significant

Difference between waterbed or foam mattress and firm mattress
† no influence statistically significant
‡ worst-case statistically significant

No significant differences were found between the water bed and foam mattress.

There were a significant number of drop-outs during this study. The number of drop-outs was significantly different between the three groups. The majority of drop-outs stopped because of more pain or less sleep. Therefore the data was analyzed both as if the drop-outs had “no influence” and given baseline scores at follow-up,(*,†) or a “worst-case” scenario where drop-outs were given the worst 90th percentile scores of those fulfilling the study (**,‡).

“A waterbed and a body contour foam mattress generally influenced back symptoms, function, and sleep more positively than a hard mattress, but the differences were small.” (pp. 708)

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Mattresses for Chronic Back or Neck Pain: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [Internet].

APPENDIX 6Summary of Findings of the Included RCT

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