BOX 2-1Major Cohort Studies Examining Endogenous Testosterone Levels and Health Outcomes

Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). An ongoing longitudinal study sponsored by the National Institute on Aging, the BLSA has collected data on more than 1,200 men and women for more than 40 years. Follow-up medical and psychological examinations are conducted approximately every two years, and serum samples are drawn and stored at each follow-up visit.

Massachusetts Male Aging Study (MMAS). An ongoing study of a random sample of 2,300 men ages 39 to 70 identified from towns and cities in the Boston metropolitan area. The men were initially invited to participate from 1986 to 1989, and the overall response to the request to participate was 53.3 percent, with participants averaging 54.7 years of age at that time.

Rancho Bernardo Study. An ongoing community-based examination of aging and lifestyle factors, this study was begun 1972 to 1974 with ambulatory adults from the middle to upper-middle class community of Rancho Bernardo, California. From 1984 to 1987, 82 percent of surviving cohort members participated in a follow-up clinic visit, which included a questionnaire, physical examination, and blood samples drawn and stored.

Rochester Epidemiology Project. This population-based data resource is comprised of the inpatient and outpatient medical records of all Olmsted County, Minnesota residents for the entire duration of their residency in the county. The database covers the medical care health care that providers have delivered to county residents from 1909 through the present. The majority of the population is seen over any 3-year period.

Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Conducted from 1973 to 1982, this randomized prevention trial assessed the effect of altering or removing risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in more than 12,000 men ages 35 to 57. One group received a special intervention, and the other received usual care.

Physician's Health Study. The first phase of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of aspirin and β-carotene on cancer and cardiovascular disease among 22,071 male physicians in the United States, who were 40 to 84 years old in 1982. The study is currently in Phase II and is examining the effects of vitamins on cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related eye disease.

From: 2, Testosterone and Health Outcomes

Cover of Testosterone and Aging
Testosterone and Aging: Clinical Research Directions.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Assessing the Need for Clinical Trials of Testosterone Replacement Therapy; Liverman CT, Blazer DG, editors.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2004.
Copyright 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.