| Generic Drug Name | Mechanism | Dosing |
|---|---|---|
| Acamprosate | Thought to modulate hyperactive glutamatergic NMDA receptors | Oral: 666 mg 3 times per day |
| Disulfiram | Inhibits ALDH2, causing accumulation of acetaldehyde during alcohol consumption, which produces a variety of adverse effects such as nausea, dizziness, flushing, and changes in heart rate and blood pressure | Oral: 250 to 500 mg per day |
| Naltrexone | Opioid antagonist; competitively binds to opioid receptors and blocks the effects of endogenous opioids such as β-endorphin | Oral: 50 to 100 mg per day Intramuscular injection: 380 mg per month |
ALDH2 = aldehyde dehydrogenase; FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration; mg = milligram; NMDA = N-methyl-D-aspartate.
From: Introduction
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