In the last ten years neural ensemble recording grew into a well-respected and highly data-lucrative science. New experimental paradigms, including the fabrication of high-density microelectrodes, new surgical implantation techniques, multi-channel signal processing, and the establishment of direct real-time brain-machine interfaces, hold promise not just for neurophysiology research, but also for new-generation prosthetic devices aimed at restoring mobility and communication skills in severely disabled patients.

Contents

• Series Preface
• Preface
• Editor
• Contributors
• 1. State-of-the-Art Microwire Array Design for Chronic Neural Recordings in Behaving Animals
  Gary Lehew and Miguel A. L. Nicolelis.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE DUCN DESIGN AND FABRICATION APPROACH FOR MULTISITE, CHRONIC NEURAL ENSEMBLE RECORDINGS
  • THE LAYERED APPROACH
  • DISCRETELY WIRED APPROACH
  • BUILDING A LAYERED PCB MICROWIRE ARRAY
  • BUILDING A DISCRETELY WIRED ARRAY
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 2. Surgical Techniques for Chronic Implantation of Microwire Arrays in Rodents and Primates
  Laura M. O. Oliveira and Dragan Dimitrov.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RODENTS AND PRIMATES PERTINENT TO SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
  • SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR RODENTS
  • SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR PRIMATES
  • CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 3. Technology for Multielectrode MicroStimulation of Brain Tissue
  Timothy Hanson, Nathan Fitzsimmons, and Joseph E. O’Doherty.
  • HISTORICAL HIGHLIGHTS OF BRAIN STIMULATION
  • PRINCIPLES OF CORTICAL MICROSTIMULATION
  • DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
  • HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
  • REFERENCES
• 4. Strategies for Neural Ensemble Data Analysis for Brain–Machine Interface (BMI) Applications
  Miriam Zacksenhouse and Simona Nemets.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • NEURONAL ENCODING AND TUNING CURVES
  • NEURONAL MODULATIONS
  • MOVEMENT PREDICTION
  • ENSEMBLE ANALYSIS
  • LINEAR REGRESSION
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • APPENDIX—DERIVATION OF THE VARIANCE RELATIONSHIP
• 5. Chronic Recordings in Transgenic Mice
  Kafui Dzirasa.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • CONSTRUCTION OF IMPLANT
  • IMPLANTATION SURGERY
  • RECORDING PROTOCOL
  • DATA ANALYSIS
  • REFERENCES
• 6. Multielectrode Recordings in the Somatosensory System
  Michael Wiest, Eric Thomson, and Jim Meloy.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • ELECTRODES AND SURGICAL PROCEDURES
  • MULTICHANNEL RECORDING
  • SOMATOSENSORY RECORDINGS IN ANESTHETIZED AND BEHAVING ANIMALS
  • COMBINING ENSEMBLE RECORDINGS WITH REVERSIBLE FOCAL INACTIVATION
  • NEURAL ENSEMBLE DATA ANALYSIS
  • CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
  • RESOURCES
  • REFERENCES
• 7. Chronic Recording During Learning
  Aaron J. Sandler.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE IMPORTANCE OF NEURONAL ENSEMBLES
  • USING NONHUMAN PRIMATES TO STUDY LEARNING USING CHRONIC RECORDING METHODS
  • ANALYSIS OF SINGLE UNIT RESPONSE PROPERTIES
  • ANALYSIS OF NEURAL ENSEMBLE DATA
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 8. Defining Global Brain States Using Multielectrode Field Potential Recordings
  Shih-Chieh Lin and Damien Gervasoni.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • FOREBRAIN DYNAMICS IN DIFFERENT WAKE-SLEEP STATES
  • STATE-SPACE FRAMEWORK REVEALS GLOBAL BRAIN STATES
  • GLOBAL BRAIN STATES: THE NEURAL CORRELATES OF WAKE-SLEEP STATES
  • GRADIENTS AND FUNCTIONAL SUBDIVISIONS WITHIN GLOBAL BRAIN STATES
  • FOREBRAIN DYNAMICS DURING STATE TRANSITIONS
  • GENERAL DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 9. Multielectrode Recording in Behaving Monkeys
  R. E. Crist and M. A. Lebedev.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • BEHAVIORAL TRAINING
  • MICROELECTRODES
  • SURGICAL IMPLANTATION
  • SIMULTANEOUS MULTICHANNEL RECORDING
  • DATA ANALYSIS
  • EXAMPLE: BRAIN–MACHINE INTERFACES
  • SUMMARY
  • REFERENCES
• 10. Neural Ensemble Recordings from Central Gustatory-Reward Pathways in Awake and Behaving Animals
  Albino J. Oliveira-Maia, Sidney A. Simon, and Miguel A. L. Nicolelis.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • BACKGROUND: PERIPHERAL GUSTATORY SYSTEM
  • CENTRAL GUSTATORY-REWARD NEURAL PATHWAYS
  • SIMULTANEOUS RECORDINGS OF MULTIPLE SINGLE NEURONS IN AWAKE AND BEHAVING RODENTS
  • NEURAL ENSEMBLE RECORDINGS IN FREELY LICKING RODENTS
  • NEURAL CORRELATES OF PREFERENCE, HUNGER, AND SATIETY IN FREELY LICKING RODENTS
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
• 11. Building Brain–Machine Interfaces to Restore Neurological Functions
  Mikhail A. Lebedev, Roy E. Crist, and Miguel A. L. Nicolelis.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • NONINVASIVE BMIS
  • INVASIVE BMIS
  • PRINCIPLES OF BMI OPERATION
  • PROBLEMS FACED BY INVASIVE BMIS
  • IMPLANTABLE DEVICES FOR RECORDINGS FROM LARGE NEURONAL ENSEMBLES
  • ALGORITHMS FOR PROCESSING NEURONAL ACTIVITY
  • BRAIN PLASTICITY INVOLVED IN BMI OPERATIONS
  • SOMATOSENSORY FEEDBACK IN BMI DESIGN
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
• 12. Conceptual and Technical Approaches to Human Neural Ensemble Recordings
  Dennis A. Turner, Parag G. Patil, and Miguel A.L. Nicolelis.
  • INTRODUCTION
  • RELEVANT PRECLINICAL STUDIES FOR HUMAN NEURAL ENSEMBLE RECORDINGS
  • REQUIREMENTS FOR HUMAN ENSEMBLE RECORDING AND NEUROPROSTHETICS DEVICES
  • PRELIMINARY HUMAN STUDY EXPERIENCE
  • FUTURE HUMAN NEURAL ENSEMBLE RECORDINGS
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES

Series editors: Sidney A Simon and Miguel AL Nicolelis

This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use.