BioProject

The single and combined effects of pesticide exposure and warming were tested at the gene expression level in larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus Forskal, 1775 using a full factorial design with two temperature treatments, 20 degree Celsius and 24 degree Celsius, crossed with three pesticide treatments, solvent control, low effect and high effect chlorpyrifos concentrations. More...

The single and combined effects of pesticide exposure and warming were tested at the gene expression level in larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus Forskal, 1775 using a full factorial design with two temperature treatments, 20 degree Celsius and 24 degree Celsius, crossed with three pesticide treatments, solvent control, low effect and high effect chlorpyrifos concentrations. A laboratory culture of Culex pipiens was used that was originally derived from field sites in Germany. The temperature treatment started in the egg stage, while animals were exposed per 30 to the pesticide for 50 h in the last larval instar. During the 50 h pesticide exposure period, the medium was renewed three times: at the start, after 24 h and after 48 h. Larvae were collected 2 h after the last pulse application. Ten surviving L4 larvae per vial were transferred to a single Eppendorf tube containing 0.5 mL RNAlater Stabilization Solution. The samples were stored for 24 h at 4 degree Celsius, after which they were stored at minus 80 degree Celsius till RNA extraction. Total RNA was extracted from ten pooled L4 larvae per vial using the RNeasy Lipid Tissue Mini Kit following the instructions of the manufacturer. We used 6 replicated vials per treatment combination with a total of 36 vials, 1080 mosquitoes. Less...