Taxonomy browser Taxonomy Browser (Clostridium botulinum)

Entrez records
Database name	Direct links	Subtree links	Links from type
BioProject	141	210	-
BioSample	2,243	2,613	-
Conserved Domains	1	1	-
GEO DataSets	428	443	-
Gene	8,492	61,848	-
Identical Protein Groups	395,310	416,339	-
Nucleotide	59,602	79,187	144
PubChem BioAssay	276	320	-
PMC	6,649	6,649	-
Protein	630,613	815,470	-
SRA	1,541	1,748	-
Structure	258	309	-
Taxonomy	284	284	-

Clostridium botulinum

Taxonomy ID: 1491 (for references in articles please use ncbitaxon:1491)

current name

Clostridium botulinum (van Ermengem 1896) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)

type strain of Clostridium botulinum: ATCC : 25763 , CIP : 104310 , CDC:KA : 38 , personal : ELTDK 103 , VPI : 1550 , VTT:E : 98821

homotypic synonym:

"Ermengemillus botulinus" (van Ermengem 1896) Heller 1922 , effective name¹⁾

"Botulobacillus botulinus" (van Ermengem 1896) Orla-Jensen 1909 , effective name³⁾

Clostridium botulinum subsp. botulinum (van Ermengem 1896) Dif et al. 2026 in [Dif G et al. (2026)]

basionym:

"Bacillus botulinus" van Ermengem 1896 , effective name²⁾

NCBI BLAST name: firmicutes
Rank: species
Genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid)
Other names:

heterotypic synonym Pacinia putrifica

heterotypic synonym Clostridium putrificum (Trevisan 1889) Reddish and Rettger 1922 (Approved Lists 1980)

type strain of Clostridium putrificum: ATCC : 25784 , BCRC : 14514 , CCUG : 15942 , CIP : 60.54 , DSM : 1734 , JCM : 1410 , NCIMB : 10677 , NCTC : 13037 , VPI : 4440

Lineage(full): cellular organisms; Bacteria; Bacillati; Bacillota; Clostridia; Eubacteriales; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium; Clostridium botulinum group

Notes:

1) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).
2) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).
3) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).
4) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).
5) This taxonomic name has been effectively published but not validly published under the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (Bacteriological Code).

Comments and References:

Dif G et al. (2026) , Pubmed: abstract

Dif, G., Bouras, N., Djemouai, N., Dif, I., and Zitouni, A. "Genome-based phylogenomic reassessment of Clostridium with proposals for species synonymization and new subspecies." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2026) 76(2):007048.

image:Clostridium botulinum

Image by from Wikimedia Commons under a Public Domain license.
* Image may not have been verified for accuracy by NCBI Taxonomy.

Bergey DH et al. (1923)

Bergey, D.H., Harrison, F.C., Breed, R.S., Hammer B.W., and Huntoon, F.M. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. (1923) The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, pp. 1-442. [No PubMed record available.]

Collins MD & East AK (2004)

Collins, M.D., and East, A.K. "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the food-borne pathogen Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins." J. Appl. Microbiol. (1998) 84:5-17.

Judicial Commission (1997)

Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. "VIIIth International Congress of Microbiology and Applied Bacteriology. Minutes of the meetings, 17 and 22August 1996, Jerusalem, Israel." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1997) 47:240-241. [No PubMed record available.]

JUDICIAL OPINION 69 (1999)

Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. "Rejection of Clostridium putrificum and conservation of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium sporogenes-Opinion 69." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1999) 49:339.

Olsen I et al. (1995)

Olsen, I., Johnson, J.L., Moore, L.V.H., and Moore, W.E.C. "Rejection of Clostridium putrificum and conservation of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium sporogenes. Request for an opinion." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1995) 45:414. [No PubMed record available.]

Orla-Jensen S (1909)

Orla-Jensen, S. "Die Hauptlinien des naturlichen Bakterien-systems." Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. II (1909) 22:97-98,305-346. [No PubMed record available.]

Skerman VBD et al. (1980) (Clostridium botulinum)

Skerman, V.B.D., McGowan, V., and Sneath, P.H.A. (editors): "Approved lists of bacterial names." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1980) 30:225-420.

Skerman VBD et al. (1980) (Clostridium putrificum)

Skerman, V.B.D., McGowan, V., and Sneath, P.H.A. (editors): "Approved lists of bacterial names." Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1980) 30:225-420.

Trevisan V (1889)

Trevisan, V. I generie e le specie della Batteriacee. (1889) Zanaboni and Gabuzzi, Milan, pp. 1-35. [No PubMed record available.]

Disclaimer: The NCBI taxonomy database is not an authoritative source for nomenclature or classification - please consult the relevant scientific literature for the most reliable information.

Reference: How to cite this resource - Schoch CL, et al. NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools. Database (Oxford). 2020: baaa062. PubMed: 32761142 PMC: PMC7408187.