Extended PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of JMJD2C. JMJD2C, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), or gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, this non-canonical ePHD finger, and a Tudor domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 832
Cdd:cd15715    1 CCLCNLRGGALKQTSDDKWAHVMCAVALPEVRFINVVERTPIDISRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRNRIKRVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  833 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVNITCFRH 862
Cdd:cd15715   81 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVFITCFRH 110

JmjC domain, hydroxylase; The JmjC domain belongs to the Cupin superfamily. JmjC-domain proteins may be protein hydroxylases that catalyze a novel histone modification. This is confirmed to be a hydroxylase: the human JmjC protein named Tyw5p unexpectedly acts in the biosynthesis of a hypermodified nucleoside, hydroxy-wybutosine, in tRNA-Phe by catalysing hydroxylation.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133    177 YLYFGMWKTTFAWHTEDMDLYSINYLHFGEPKSWYAIPPEHGKRLERLAQgffPSSSQGCDAFLRHKMTLISPSVLKKYG 256
Cdd:pfam02373    1 WLYLGMPFSTTPWHIEDQGLYSINYLHFGAPKVWYIIPPEYAEKFEKVLS---DHFGGEQPDDLLHLNTIISPKQLRENG 77

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 21450133    257 IPFDKITQEAGEFMITFPYGYHAGFNHGFNCAESTNF 293
Cdd:pfam02373   78 IPVYRFVQKPGEFVFTFPGWYHQVFNLGFNIAEAVNF 114

first Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C) and similar proteins; JMJD2C, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the first Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 21450133  877 ISVGQTVITKHRNTRYYSCRVIDVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRNCV 930
Cdd:cd20465    1 ISVGQTVISKHRNTRYYSCRVTEVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRDCL 54

Extended PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of JMJD2C. JMJD2C, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), or gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, this non-canonical ePHD finger, and a Tudor domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 832
Cdd:cd15715    1 CCLCNLRGGALKQTSDDKWAHVMCAVALPEVRFINVVERTPIDISRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRNRIKRVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  833 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVNITCFRH 862
Cdd:cd15715   81 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVFITCFRH 110

PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C); JMJD2C, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), or gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications through modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical Cys4HisCys3 plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, a non-canonical extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, and a Tudor domain. This model corresponds to the canonical Cys4HisCys3 PHD finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  643 CAICTLLMPYYKPDSSKEENDSRWET-AVNEVVQSGRKTKPIIPEMCFIYSEENVDYSPPNAFLEEDGTSLLISCAKCFV 721
Cdd:cd15577    2 CAICTLFMPYYKPDALNEENSAQWEMeLPAAPCISMRKTKPLIPEMCFIYREENCEPSPPNALLQEDGTSLLISCAKCCV 81

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|...
gi 21450133  722 RVHASCYGVPSHEVCDGWLCARC 744
Cdd:cd15577   82 QVHASCYGVPSHEIHDGWLCARC 104

second Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C) and similar proteins; JMJD2C, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the second Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  934 PPAEGEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFEDGSQIAMKREDIYTLDEELPKRVK 993
Cdd:cd20468    1 PPAEGEVVQVKWPDGLLYGAKYLGSNIAHMYQVEFEDGSQIVMKREDIYTLDEELPKKVK 60

PHD zinc finger-containing protein [General function prediction only];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  706 EEDGTSLLISCAKCFVRVHASCYGVPshEVCDG-WLCARCKRNAWTAECCL-CNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEV 783
Cdd:COG5141  203 HNENSNAIVFCDGCEICVHQSCYGIQ--FLPEGfWLCRKCIYGEYQIRCCSfCPSSDGAFKQTSDGRWGHVICAMFNPEL 280

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 21450133  784 RFTNVPERTQID-VDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCrhrvKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPASFHVTCAHAAGVLM 846
Cdd:COG5141  281 SFGHLLSKDPIDnIASVSSSRWKLGCLIC----KEFGGTCIQCSYFNCTRAYHVTCARRAGYFD 340

A domain family that is part of the cupin metalloenzyme superfamily; Probable enzymes, but of unknown functions, that regulate chromatin reorganisation processes (Clissold and Ponting, in press).

                            10        20        30        40        50        60
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 21450133     148 DEWNIARLNTVLDVVEEeCGISIEGVNT-PYLYFGMWKTTFAWHTEDMDLysINYLHFGEP 207
Cdd:smart00558    1 QLWNLAKLPFKLNLLSD-LPEDIPGPDVgPYLYMGMAGSTTPWHIDDYDL--VNYLHQGAG 58

Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A Tudor domain; This is the tudor domain found in histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A (JMJD2A). Structure and function analysis indicate that this domain can recognize equally well two unrelated histone peptides, H3K4me3 and H4K20me3, by means of two very different binding mechanisms. JMJD2 also known as KDM4, is a conserved iron (II)-dependent jumonji-domain demethylase subfamily that is essential during development. Vertebrate KDM4A-C proteins contain a conserved double tudor domain (DTD).

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 21450133    938 GEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFEDGS 972
Cdd:pfam18104    1 GQDVIARWTDGRYYLGKFIGIHTQTFYEVEFEDGS 35

jmjN domain;

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 21450133     17 MTFRPSMEEFREFNKYLAYMESKGAhRAGLAKVIP 51
Cdd:pfam02375    1 PVFYPTEEEFKDPLKYIEKIRPLGE-KYGICKIVP 34

Tudor domain; Domain of unknown function present in several RNA-binding proteins. 10 copies in the Drosophila Tudor protein. Initial proposal that the survival motor neuron gene product contain a Tudor domain are corroborated by more recent database search techniques such as PSI-BLAST (unpublished).

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 21450133     933 GPPAEGEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFED-GSQIAMKREDIYTLDEEL 988
Cdd:smart00333    1 PTFKVGDKVAARWEDGEWYRARIVKVDGEQLYEVFFIDyGNEEVVPPSDLRQLPEEL 57

PHD zinc finger; The plant homeodomain (PHD) finger is a C4HC3 zinc-finger-like motif found in nuclear proteins thought to be involved in epigenetics and chromatin-mediated transcriptional regulation. The PHD finger binds two zinc ions using the so-called 'cross-brace' motif and is thus structurally related to the RING finger and the FYVE finger. It is not yet known if PHD fingers have a common molecular function. Several reports suggest that it can function as a protein-protein interacton domain and it was recently demonstrated that the PHD finger of p300 can cooperate with the adjacent BROMO domain in nucleosome binding in vitro. Other reports suggesting that the PHD finger is a ubiquitin ligase have been refuted as these domains were RING fingers misidentified as PHD fingers.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 21450133     808 CIFCRHRVKkvSGACIQCSygRCPASFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDD-WpyvvniTCFRH 862
Cdd:smart00249    2 CSVCGKPDD--GGELLQCD--GCDRWYHQTCLGPPLLEEEPDGkW------YCPKC 47

Extended PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of JMJD2C. JMJD2C, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), or gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, this non-canonical ePHD finger, and a Tudor domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 832
Cdd:cd15715    1 CCLCNLRGGALKQTSDDKWAHVMCAVALPEVRFINVVERTPIDISRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRNRIKRVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  833 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVNITCFRH 862
Cdd:cd15715   81 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVFITCFRH 110

Extended PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2B (JMJD2B); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of JMJD2B. JMJD2B, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4B (KDM4B), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3B (JHDM3B), specifically antagonizes the trimethyl group from H3K9 in pericentric heterochromatin and reduces H3K36 methylation in mammalian cells. It plays an essential role in the growth regulation of cancer cells by modulating the G1-S transition and promotes cell-cycle progression through the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). It interacts with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and its stability can be regulated by Hsp90. JMJD2B also functions as a direct transcriptional target of p53, which induces its expression through promoter binding. Moreover, JMJD2B expression can be controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) in colorectal cancer and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) in breast cancer. It is also involved in bladder, lung, and gastric cancer. JMJD2B contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical PHD finger, this non-canonical ePHD finger, and a Tudor domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPA 832
Cdd:cd15714    1 CCLCNLRGGALQMTTDERWVHVICAIAVPEARFLNVIERHPVDVSAIPEQRWKLKCVYCRKRMKKVSGACIQCSYDHCST 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  833 SFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWPYVVNITCFRH 862
Cdd:cd15714   81 SFHVTCAHAAGVVMEPDDWPYVVSITCFKH 110

PHD-zinc-finger like domain;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133    751 AECCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRvkkvSGACIQCSYGRC 830
Cdd:pfam13832    1 VRCCLCPLRGGALKQTSDGRWVHVLCAIFVPEVRFGNVATMEPIDVSRIPPERWKLKCVFCKKR----SGACIQCSKGRC 76

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 21450133    831 PASFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDDWP-YVVNITCFRH 862
Cdd:pfam13832   77 TTAFHVTCAQAAGVYMEPEDWPnVVVIAYCQKH 109

JmjC domain, hydroxylase; The JmjC domain belongs to the Cupin superfamily. JmjC-domain proteins may be protein hydroxylases that catalyze a novel histone modification. This is confirmed to be a hydroxylase: the human JmjC protein named Tyw5p unexpectedly acts in the biosynthesis of a hypermodified nucleoside, hydroxy-wybutosine, in tRNA-Phe by catalysing hydroxylation.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133    177 YLYFGMWKTTFAWHTEDMDLYSINYLHFGEPKSWYAIPPEHGKRLERLAQgffPSSSQGCDAFLRHKMTLISPSVLKKYG 256
Cdd:pfam02373    1 WLYLGMPFSTTPWHIEDQGLYSINYLHFGAPKVWYIIPPEYAEKFEKVLS---DHFGGEQPDDLLHLNTIISPKQLRENG 77

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 21450133    257 IPFDKITQEAGEFMITFPYGYHAGFNHGFNCAESTNF 293
Cdd:pfam02373   78 IPVYRFVQKPGEFVFTFPGWYHQVFNLGFNIAEAVNF 114

first Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2C (JMJD2C) and similar proteins; JMJD2C, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4C (KDM4C), gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1 protein (GASC-1 protein), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3C (JHDM3C), is an epigenetic factor that catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36, and may be involved in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC) and breast cancer. It selectively interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) and plays a role in breast cancer progression. Moreover, JMJD2C may play an important role in the treatment of obesity and its complications by modulating the regulation of adipogenesis by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). JMJD2C contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the first Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 21450133  877 ISVGQTVITKHRNTRYYSCRVIDVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRNCV 930
Cdd:cd20465    1 ISVGQTVISKHRNTRYYSCRVTEVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRDCL 54

Extended PHD finger found in BRPF proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model corresponds to the ePHD finger of the family of BRPF proteins, which includes BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2, and BRPF3. These are scaffold proteins that form monocytic leukemic zinc-finger protein (MOZ)/MOZ-related factor (MORF) H3 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes with other regulatory subunits, such as inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) and Esa1-associated factor 6 ortholog (EAF6). BRPF proteins have multiple domains, including a plant homeodomain (PHD) zinc finger followed by a non-canonical ePHD finger, a bromodomain and a proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline (PWWP) domain. This PHD finger binds to lysine 4 of histone H3 (K4H3), the bromodomain interacts with acetylated lysines on N-terminal tails of histones and other proteins, and the PWWP domain shows histone-binding and chromatin association properties.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQID-VDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVkkvsGACIQCSYGRCP 831
Cdd:cd15670    1 CVLCPNKGGAFKQTDDGRWAHVVCALWIPEVSFANTVFLEPIDgIQNIPKARWKLTCYICKKRM----GACIQCHKKNCY 76

                         90
                 ....*....|....*.
gi 21450133  832 ASFHVTCAHAAGVLME 847
Cdd:cd15670   77 TAFHVTCAQQAGLYMK 92

PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A (JMJD2A); JMJD2A, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A (JHDM3A), catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36. It is involved in carcinogenesis and functions as a transcription regulator that may either stimulate or repress gene transcription. It associates with nuclear receptor co-repressor complex or histone deacetylases. Moreover, JMJD2A forms complexes with both the androgen and estrogen receptor (ER) and plays an essential role in growth of both ER-positive and -negative breast tumors. It is also involved in prostate, colon, and lung cancer progression. JMJD2A contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical Cys4HisCys3 PHD finger, a non-canonical extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, and a Tudor domain. This model corresponds to the canonical Cys4HisCys3 PHD finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  643 CAICTLLMPYYKPDSSKEENDSrwETAVNEVVQSgRKTKPIIPEMCFIYSEENVDYSPPNAFLEEDGTSLLISCAKCFVR 722
Cdd:cd15575    2 CAVCMLFQTYQVDCWGGHNSSS--GVAASEARIK-KKTKPLIPEMCFTSTGCNTDLNLSTPYLEEDGTSILVTCKKCCVC 78

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|..
gi 21450133  723 VHASCYGVPSHEVCDGWLCARC 744
Cdd:cd15575   79 VHASCYGVSPEKAAEDWMCSRC 100

PHD zinc finger-containing protein [General function prediction only];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  706 EEDGTSLLISCAKCFVRVHASCYGVPshEVCDG-WLCARCKRNAWTAECCL-CNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEV 783
Cdd:COG5141  203 HNENSNAIVFCDGCEICVHQSCYGIQ--FLPEGfWLCRKCIYGEYQIRCCSfCPSSDGAFKQTSDGRWGHVICAMFNPEL 280

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 21450133  784 RFTNVPERTQID-VDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCrhrvKKVSGACIQCSYGRCPASFHVTCAHAAGVLM 846
Cdd:COG5141  281 SFGHLLSKDPIDnIASVSSSRWKLGCLIC----KEFGGTCIQCSYFNCTRAYHVTCARRAGYFD 340

second Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A (JMJD2A) and similar proteins; JMJD2A, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A (JHDM3A), catalyzes the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36. It is involved in carcinogenesis and functions as a transcription regulator that may either stimulate or repress gene transcription. It associates with nuclear receptor corepressor complex or histone deacetylases. Moreover, JMJD2A forms complexes with both the androgen and estrogen receptor (ER), and plays an essential role in growth of both ER-positive and -negative breast tumors. It is also involved in prostate, colon, and lung cancer progression. JMJD2A contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the second Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 21450133  934 PPAEGEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFEDGSQIAMKREDIYTLDEELP 989
Cdd:cd20466    1 PPAEGEVVQVRWTDGQVYGAKFVASHPIQMYQVEFEDGSQLVVKRDDVYTLDEELP 56

Extended PHD finger found in protein AF-10 and AF-17; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of AF-10 and AF-17. AF-10, also termed ALL1 (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia)-fused gene from chromosome 10 protein, is a transcription factor encoded by gene AF10, a translocation partner of the MLL (mixed-lineage leukaemia) oncogene in leukaemia. AF-10 has been implicated in the development of leukemia following chromosomal rearrangements between the AF10 gene and one of at least two other genes, MLL and CALM. It plays a key role in the survival of uncommitted hematopoietic cells. Moreover, AF-10 functions as a follistatin-related gene (FLRG)-interacting protein. The interaction with FLRG enhances AF10-dependent transcription. It interacts with the human counterpart of yeast Dot1, hDOT1L, and may act as a bridge for the recruitment of hDOT1L to the genes targeted by MLL-AF10. It also interacts with the synovial sarcoma associated protein SYT protein and may play a role in synovial sarcomas and acute leukemias. AF-17, also termed ALL1-fused gene from chromosome 17 protein, is encoded by gene AF17 that has been identified in hematological malignancies as translocation partners of the mixed lineage leukemia gene MLL. It is a putative transcription factor that may play a role in multiple signaling pathways. It is involved in chromatin-mediated gene regulation mechanisms. It functions as a component of the multi-subunit Dot1 complex (Dotcom) and plays a role in the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway. It also seems to be a downstream target of the beta-catenin/T-cell factor pathway, and participates in G2-M progression. Moreover, it may function as an important regulator of ENaC-mediated Na+ transport and thus blood pressure. Both AF-10 and AF-17 contain an N-terminal plant homeodomain (PHD) finger followed by this non-canonical ePHD finger. The PHD finger is involved in their homo-oligomerization. In the C-terminal region, they possess a leucine zipper domain and a glutamine-rich region. This family also includes ZFP-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans AF10 homolog. It was originally identified as a factor promoting RNAi interference in C. elegans. It also acts as Dot1-interacting protein that opposes H2B ubiquitination to reduce polymerase II (Pol II) transcription.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFC---RHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGR 829
Cdd:cd15672    1 CELCPHKDGALKRTDNGGWAHVVCALYIPEVRFGNVATMEPIILQDVPQDRFNKTCYICeeqGRESKASTGACMQCNKSG 80

                         90
                 ....*....|....*...
gi 21450133  830 CPASFHVTCAHAAGVLME 847
Cdd:cd15672   81 CKQSFHVTCAQMAGLLCE 98

second Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2B (JMJD2B) and similar proteins; JMJD2B, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4B (KDM4B), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3B (JHDM3B), specifically antagonizes the tri-methyl group from H3K9 in pericentric heterochromatin and reduces H3K36 methylation in mammalian cells. It plays an essential role in the growth regulation of cancer cells by modulating the G1-S transition and promotes cell-cycle progression through the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). It interacts with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and its stability can be regulated by Hsp90. JMJD2B also functions as a direct transcriptional target of p53, which induces its expression through promoter binding. Moreover, JMJD2B expression can be controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) in colorectal cancer and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) in breast cancer. It is also involved in bladder, lung, and gastric cancer. JMJD2B contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the second Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 21450133  934 PPAEGEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFEDGSQIAMKREDIYTLDEELP 989
Cdd:cd20467    1 PPSEGELVELRWTDGNIYKAKFISAHLSHIYQVEFEDGSQLTVKRGEIFTLEEELP 56

Extended PHD finger found in bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 2 (BRPF2) and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of BRPF2. BRPF2 also termed bromodomain-containing protein 1 (BRD1), or BR140-likeprotein, is encoded by BRL (BR140 Like gene). It is responsible for the bulk of the acetylation of H3K14 and forms a novel monocytic leukemic zinc-finger protein (MOZ)/MOZ-related factor (MORF) H3 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex with HBO1 and ING4. The complex is required for full transcriptional activation of the erythroid-specific regulator genes essential for terminal differentiation and survival of erythroblasts in fetal liver. BRPF2 shows widespread expression and localizes to the nucleus within spermatocytes. It contains a cysteine rich region harboring a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger followed by a non-canonical ePHD finger, a bromodomain, and a proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline (PWWP) domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQID-VDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRhrvKKVSGACIQCSYGRCP 831
Cdd:cd15702    1 CVLCPNKGGAFKKTDDDRWGHVVCALWIPEVGFANTVFIEPIDgVRNIPPARWKLTCYLCK---QKGVGACIQCHKANCY 77

                         90
                 ....*....|....*.
gi 21450133  832 ASFHVTCAHAAGVLME 847
Cdd:cd15702   78 TAFHVTCAQKAGLYMK 93

first Tudor domain found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2B (JMJD2B) and similar proteins; JMJD2B, also called lysine-specific demethylase 4B (KDM4B), or JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3B (JHDM3B), specifically antagonizes the tri-methyl group from H3K9 in pericentric heterochromatin and reduces H3K36 methylation in mammalian cells. It plays an essential role in the growth regulation of cancer cells by modulating the G1-S transition and promotes cell-cycle progression through the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). It interacts with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and its stability can be regulated by Hsp90. JMJD2B also functions as a direct transcriptional target of p53, which induces its expression through promoter binding. Moreover, JMJD2B expression can be controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) in colorectal cancer and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) in breast cancer. It is also involved in bladder, lung, and gastric cancer. JMJD2B contains jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) domain, a noncanonical extended PHD domain, and tandem Tudor domains. The model corresponds to the first Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 21450133  877 ISVGQTVITKHRNTRYYSCRVIDVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRNCV 930
Cdd:cd20464    1 VSLGQVVITKNRNGLYYRCRVIGTATQTFYEVNFDDGSYSDNVYPESITSRDCL 54

Extended PHD finger found in protein AF-10 and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of AF-10. AF-10, also termed ALL1 (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia)-fused gene from chromosome 10 protein, is a transcription factor encoded by gene AF10, a translocation partner of the MLL (mixed-lineage leukaemia) oncogene in leukaemia. AF-10 has been implicated in the development of leukemia following chromosomal rearrangements between the AF10 gene and one of at least two other genes, MLL and CALM. It plays a key role in the survival of uncommitted hematopoietic cells. Moreover, AF-10 functions as a follistatin-related gene (FLRG)-interacting protein. The interaction with FLRG enhances AF10-dependent transcription. It interacts with human counterpart of the yeast Dot1, hDOT1L, and may act as a bridge for the recruitment of hDOT1L to the genes targeted by MLL-AF10. It also interacts with the synovial sarcoma associated protein SYT protein and may play a role in synovial sarcomas and acute leukemias. AF-10 contains an N-terminal plant homeodomain (PHD) finger followed by this non-canonical ePHD finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHR---VKKVSGACIQCSYGR 829
Cdd:cd15708    5 CELCPHKDGALKRTDNGGWAHVVCALYIPEVQFANVSTMEPIVLQSVPHERYNKTCYICDEQgreSKAATGACMTCNKHG 84

                         90
                 ....*....|....*...
gi 21450133  830 CPASFHVTCAHAAGVLME 847
Cdd:cd15708   85 CRQAFHVTCAQLAGLLCE 102

Extended PHD finger found in PHD finger protein 14 (PHF14) and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of PHF14. PHF14 is a novel nuclear transcription factor that controls the proliferation of mesenchymal cells by directly repressing platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRalpha) expression. It also acts as an epigenetic regulator and plays an important role in the development of multiple organs in mammals. PHF14 contains three canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers and this non-canonical ePHD finger. It can interact with histones through its PHD fingers.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLK-CIFCRHRVKKVSGACIQCSYGRCP 831
Cdd:cd15674    1 CELCPNRGGIFKETDTGRWVHLVCALYTPGVAFGDVDKLSPVTLTEMNYSKWGAReCSLCEDPRFARTGVCISCDAGMCK 80

                         90
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 21450133  832 ASFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPDD 850
Cdd:cd15674   81 SYFHVTCAQREGLLSEATD 99

Extended PHD finger found in protein Jade-2 and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of Jade-2. Jade-2, also termed PHD finger protein 15 (PHF15), is a plant homeodomain (PHD) zinc finger protein that is closely related to Jade-1, which functions as an essential regulator of multiple cell signaling pathways. Like Jade-1, Jade-2 is required for ING4 and ING5 to associate with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) HBO1 and Eaf6 to form a HBO1 complex that has a histone H4-specific acetyltransferase activity, a reduced activity toward histone H3, and is responsible for the bulk of histone H4 acetylation in vivo. Jade-2 contains a canonical PHD finger followed by this non-canonical ePHD finger, both of which are zinc-binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKN-NQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFtNVPERTQ--IDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRhrvkKVSGACIQCSYGR 829
Cdd:cd15705    1 CLLCPKRGGALKPTRSgTKWVHVSCALWIPEVSI-GCPEKMEpiTKISHIPASRWALSCSLCK----ECTGTCIQCSMPS 75

                         90
                 ....*....|....*..
gi 21450133  830 CPASFHVTCAHAAGVLM 846
Cdd:cd15705   76 CITAFHVTCAFDHGLEM 92

Extended PHD finger found in protein AF-17 and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of AF-17. AF-17, also termed ALL1-fused gene from chromosome 17 protein, is encoded by gene AF17 that has been identified in hematological malignancies as a translocation partner of the mixed lineage leukemia gene MLL. It is a putative transcription factor that may play a role in multiple signaling pathways. It is involved in chromatin-mediated gene regulation mechanisms. It functions as a component of the multi-subunit Dot1 complex (Dotcom) and plays a role in the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway. It also seems to be a downstream target of the beta-catenin/T-cell factor pathway, and participates in G2-M progression. Moreover, it may function as an important regulator of ENaC-mediated Na+ transport and thus blood pressure. AF-17 contains an N-terminal plant homeodomain (PHD) finger followed by a non-canonical ePHD finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHR---VKKVSGACIQCSYGR 829
Cdd:cd15709    5 CELCPHKDGALKRTDNGGWAHVVCALYIPEVQFANVLTMEPIVLQYVPHDRFNKTCYICEEQgreSKAASGACMTCNRHG 84

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  830 CPASFHVTCAHAAGVLMEPD 849
Cdd:cd15709   85 CRQAFHVTCAQMAGLLCEEE 104

Extended PHD finger found in protein Jade-1 and similar proteins; The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model includes the ePHD finger of Jade-1. Jade-1, also termed PHD finger protein 17 (PHF17), is a novel binding partner of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor Pvhl, a key regulator of cellular oxygen sensing pathway. It is highly expressed in renal proximal tubules. Jade-1 functions as an essential regulator of multiple cell signaling pathways. It may be involved in the Serine/threonine kinase AKT/AKT1 pathway during renal cancer pathogenesis and normally prevents renal epithelial cell proliferation and transformation. It also acts as a pro-apoptotic and growth suppressive ubiquitin ligase to inhibit canonical Wnt downstream effector beta-catenin for proteasomal degradation and ASA transcription factor associated with histone acetyltransferase activity and with increased abundance of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Moreover, Jade-1 is required for ING4 and ING5 to associate with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) HBO1 and Eaf6 to form a HBO1 complex, and plays a role in epithelial cell regeneration. It has also been identified as a novel component of the nephrocystin protein (NPHP) complex and interacts with the ciliary protein nephrocystin-4 (NPHP4). Jade-1 contains a canonical plant homeodomain (PHD) finger followed by this non-canonical ePHD finger, both of which are zinc-binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  752 ECCLCNLRGGALKQTKN-NQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNvPERTQ--IDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRVkkvsGACIQCSYG 828
Cdd:cd15704    3 KCLLCPKKGGAMKPTRSgTKWVHVSCALWIPEVSIGS-PEKMEpiTKVSHIPSSRWALVCSLCNEKV----GASIQCSVK 77

                         90
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 21450133  829 RCPASFHVTCAHAAGVLME 847
Cdd:cd15704   78 NCRTAFHVTCAFDRGLEMK 96

A domain family that is part of the cupin metalloenzyme superfamily; Probable enzymes, but of unknown functions, that regulate chromatin reorganisation processes (Clissold and Ponting, in press).

                            10        20        30        40        50        60
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 21450133     148 DEWNIARLNTVLDVVEEeCGISIEGVNT-PYLYFGMWKTTFAWHTEDMDLysINYLHFGEP 207
Cdd:smart00558    1 QLWNLAKLPFKLNLLSD-LPEDIPGPDVgPYLYMGMAGSTTPWHIDDYDL--VNYLHQGAG 58

Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A Tudor domain; This is the tudor domain found in histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing protein 2A (JMJD2A). Structure and function analysis indicate that this domain can recognize equally well two unrelated histone peptides, H3K4me3 and H4K20me3, by means of two very different binding mechanisms. JMJD2 also known as KDM4, is a conserved iron (II)-dependent jumonji-domain demethylase subfamily that is essential during development. Vertebrate KDM4A-C proteins contain a conserved double tudor domain (DTD).

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 21450133    938 GEVIQVKWPDGKLYGAKYLGSNVAYMYQVEFEDGS 972
Cdd:pfam18104    1 GQDVIARWTDGRYYLGKFIGIHTQTFYEVEFEDGS 35

PHD finger found in Jumonji domain-containing protein 2 (JMJD2) family of histone demethylases; JMJD2 proteins, also termed lysine-specific demethylase 4 histone demethylases (KDM4), have been implicated in various cellular processes including DNA damage response, transcription, cell cycle regulation, cellular differentiation, senescence, and carcinogenesis. They selectively catalyze the demethylation of di- and trimethylated H3K9 and H3K36. This model contains only three JMJD2 proteins, JMJD2A-C, which all contain jmjN and jmjC domains in the N-terminal region, followed by a Cys4HisCys3 canonical PHD finger, a non-canonical extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, and a Tudor domain. JMJD2D is not included in this family, since it lacks both PHD and Tudor domains and has a different substrate specificity. JMJD2A-C are required for efficient cancer cell growth. This model corresponds to the Cys4HisCys3 canonical PHD finger.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 21450133  713 LISCAKCFVRVHASCYGVPSHE-VCDGWLCARC 744
Cdd:cd15493   10 LLVCSRCCVCVHASCYGVPDIPgDGEGWKCDRC 42

Tudor domain; Domain of unknown function present in several RNA-binding proteins. 10 copies in the Drosophila Tudor protein. Initial proposal that the survival motor neuron gene product contain a Tudor domain are corroborated by more recent database search techniques such as PSI-BLAST (unpublished).

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 21450133     875 KAISVGQTVITKHRNTRYYSCRVIDVTSQTFYEVMFDDGSFSRDTFPEDIVSRNCVK 931
Cdd:smart00333    1 PTFKVGDKVAARWEDGEWYRARIVKVDGEQLYEVFFIDYGNEEVVPPSDLRQLPEEL 57

Extended PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) and 2D (KMT2D); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model corresponds to the first ePHD finger of KMTC2C and KMTC2D. KMT2C, also termed myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia protein 3 (MLL3), or homologous to ALR protein, is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) lysine methyltransferase that functions as a circadian factor contributing to genome-scale circadian transcription. It is a component of a large complex that acts as a coactivator of multiple transcription factors, including the bile acid (BA)-activated nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a critical player in BA homeostasis. The MLL3 complex is essential for p53 transactivation of small heterodimer partner (SHP). KMT2C is also a part of activating signal cointegrator-2 (ASC-2)-containing complex (ASCOM) that contains the transcriptional coactivator nuclear receptor coactivator 6 (NCOA6), KMT2C and its paralog MLL4. The ASCOM complex is critical for nuclear receptor (NR) activation of bile acid transporter genes and is down regulated in cholestasis. KMT2D, also termed ALL1-related protein (ALR), is encoded by the gene that was named MLL4, a fourth human homolog of Drosophila trithorax, located on chromosome 12. It enzymatically generates trimethylated histone H3 Lysine 4 (H3K4me3). It plays an essential role in differentiating the human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cell line NTERA-2 clone D1 (NT2/D1) stem cells by activating differentiation-specific genes, such as HOXA1-3 and NESTIN. KMT2D is also a part of ASCOM. Both KMT2C and KMT2D contain the catalytic domain SET, five plant PHD fingers, two ePHD fingers, a RING finger, an HMG (high-mobilitygroup)-binding motif, and two FY-rich regions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLrgGALkqtknnqWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTqiDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHrvkkvSGACIQCSYGRCPA 832
Cdd:cd15665    1 CALCNL--GEV-------YAHHCCAAWSEGVCQTEDGALE--NVDKAVAKALSQKCSFCLR-----YGASISCRMPSCSK 64

                         90
                 ....*....|.
gi 21450133  833 SFHVTCAHAAG 843
Cdd:cd15665   65 SFHFPCAAAAG 75

Extended PHD finger 2 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) and 2D (KMT2D); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model corresponds to the second ePHD finger of KMT2C, and KMT2D. KMT2C, also termed myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia protein 3 (MLL3), or homologous to ALR protein, is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) lysine methyltransferase that functions as a circadian factor contributing to genome-scale circadian transcription. It is a component of a large complex that acts as a coactivator of multiple transcription factors, including the bile acid (BA)-activated nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a critical player in BA homeostasis. The MLL3 complex is essential for p53 transactivation of small heterodimer partner (SHP). KMT2C is also a part of activating signal cointegrator-2 (ASC-2)-containing complex (ASCOM) that contains the transcriptional coactivator nuclear receptor coactivator 6 (NCOA6), KMT2C and its paralog MLL4. The ASCOM complex is critical for nuclear receptor (NR) activation of bile acid transporter genes and is down regulated in cholestasis. KMT2D, also termed ALL1-related protein (ALR), is encoded by the gene that was named MLL4, a fourth human homolog of Drosophila trithorax, located on chromosome 12. It enzymatically generates trimethylated histone H3 Lysine 4 (H3K4me3). It plays an essential role in differentiating the human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cell line NTERA-2 clone D1 (NT2/D1) stem cells by activating differentiation-specific genes, such as HOXA1-3 and NESTIN. KMT2D is also a part of ASCOM. Both KMT2C and KMT2D contain the catalytic domain SET, five PHD fingers, two ePHD fingers, a RING finger, an HMG (high-mobilitygroup)-binding motif, and two FY-rich regions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRG-------GALKQTKNNQWAHVICAVAVPEVRftnvpeRTQ----IDVDRIPLQRLKLKCIFCRHRvkkvsGA 821
Cdd:cd15666    1 CVLCGGEGdgdtdgpGRLLNLDVDKWVHLNCALWSYEVY------ETQngalMNVEEALRRALTTTCSHCGRT-----GA 69

                         90
                 ....*....|....*...
gi 21450133  822 CIQCSYGRCPASFHVTCA 839
Cdd:cd15666   70 TVPCFKPRCANVYHLPCA 87

PHD finger found in Arabidopsis thaliana histone-lysine N-methyltransferase arabidopsis trithorax-like protein ATX3, ATX4, ATX5, and similar proteins; The family includes A. thaliana ATX3 (also termed protein SET domain group 14, or trithorax-homolog protein 3), ATX4 (also termed protein SET domain group 16, or trithorax-homolog protein 4) and ATX5 (also termed protein SET domain group 29, or trithorax-homolog protein 5), which belong to the histone-lysine methyltransferase family. They show distinct phylogenetic origins from the ATX1 and ATX2 family. They are multi-domain containing proteins that consist of an N-terminal PWWP domain, a canonical Cys4HisCys3 plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, a non-canonical extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, and a C-terminal SET domain; this model corresponds to the Cys4HisCys3 canonical PHD finger.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 21450133  706 EEDGTSLLISCAKCFVRVHASCYGVPSHEVCDGWLCARC 744
Cdd:cd15495    9 EDDDNNPLITCNRCQISVHQKCYGIREVDPDGSWVCRAC 47

Extended PHD finger 2 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C); The extended plant homeodomain (ePHD) zinc finger is characterized as Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His. This model corresponds to the second ePHD finger of KMT2C. KMT2C, also termed myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia protein 3 (MLL3), or homologous to ALR protein, is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) lysine methyltransferase that functions as a circadian factor contributing to genome-scale circadian transcription. It is a component of a large complex that acts as a coactivator of multiple transcription factors, including the bile acid (BA)-activated nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a critical player in BA homeostasis. The MLL3 complex is essential for p53 transactivation of small heterodimer partner (SHP). KMT2C is also a part of activating signal cointegrator-2 (ASC-2)-containing complex (ASCOM) that contains the transcriptional coactivator nuclear receptor coactivator 6 (NCOA6), KMT2C and its paralog MLL4. The ASCOM complex is critical for nuclear receptor (NR) activation of bile acid transporter genes and is down regulated in cholestasis. KMT2C contains PHD fingers, two ePHD fingers, an ATPase alpha beta signature, a high mobility group (HMG)-1 box, a SET (Suppressor of variegation, Enhancer of zeste, Trithorax) domain and two FY (phenylalanine tyrosine)-rich domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 21450133  753 CCLCNLRGGALKQTKN-------NQWAHVICAVAVPEVRFTNVPERTQIDvdrIPLQR-LKLKCIFCRHrvkkvSGACIQ 824
Cdd:cd15697    1 CCFCHEEGDGLTDGPArllnldlDLWVHLNCALWSTEVYETQAGALINVE---LALRRgLQMKCVFCHK-----TGATSG 72

                         90
                 ....*....|....*...
gi 21450133  825 CSYGRCPASFHVTCAHAA 842
Cdd:cd15697   73 CHRLRCTNVYHFTCAIKA 90

PHD finger found in BRPF proteins, Jade proteins, protein AF-10, AF-17, and similar proteins; The family includes BRPF proteins, Jade proteins, protein AF-10 and AF-17. BRPF proteins are scaffold proteins that form monocytic leukemic zinc-finger protein (MOZ)/MOZ-related factor (MORF) H3 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes with other regulatory subunits, such as inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) and Esa1-associated factor 6 ortholog (EAF6). BRPF proteins have multiple domains, including a canonical Cys4HisCys3 plant homeodomain (PHD) zinc finger followed by a non-canonical extended PHD (ePHD) finger, Cys2HisCys5HisCys2His, a bromodomain and a proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline (PWWP) domain. PHD and ePHD fingers both bind to lysine 4 of histone H3 (K4H3), bromodomains interact with acetylated lysines on N-terminal tails of histones and other proteins, and PWWP domains show histone-binding and chromatin association properties. Jade proteins are required for ING4 and ING5 to associate with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) HBO1 and EAF6, to form a HBO1 complex that has a histone H4-specific acetyltransferase activity, a reduced activity toward histone H3, and is responsible for the bulk of histone H4 acetylation in vivo. AF-10, also termed ALL1 (acute lymphoblastic leukemia)-fused gene from chromosome 10 protein, is a transcription factor that has been implicated in the development of leukemia following chromosomal rearrangements between the AF10 gene and one of at least two other genes, MLL and CALM. AF-17, also termed ALL1-fused gene from chromosome 17 protein, is a putative transcription factor that may play a role in multiple signaling pathways. All Jade proteins, AF-10, and AF-17 contain a canonical PHD finger followed by a non-canonical ePHD finger. This model corresponds to the canonical PHD finger.