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Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, small chain RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyses both the carboxylation and oxygenation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), thus fixing carbon dioxide as the first step of the Calvin cycle. RuBisCO is the major protein in the stroma of chloroplasts, and in higher plants exists as a complex of 8 large and 8 small subunits. The function of the small subunit is unknown. While the large subunit is coded for by a single gene, the small subunit is coded for by several different genes, which are distributed in a tissue specific manner. They are transcriptionally regulated by light receptor phytochrome. which results in RuBisCO being more abundant during the day when it is required.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",