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Bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix proteins, AraC family In the absence of arabinose, the N-terminal arm of AraC binds to the DNA binding domain (pfam00165) and helps to hold the two DNA binding domains in a relative orientation that favours DNA looping. In the presence of arabinose, the arms bind over the arabinose on the dimerization domain, thus freeing the DNA-binding domains. The freed DNA-binding domains are then able to assume a conformation suitable for binding to the adjacent DNA sites that are utilized when AraC activates transcription, and hence AraC ceases looping the DNA when arabinose is added.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",