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hydrophobins Hydrophobins are a group of small cysteine-rich proteins that are expressed only by filamentous fungi and play important roles in fungal growth. They are characterized by the presence of 8 conserved cysteine residues that form 4 disulfide bonds. They contribute to surface hydrophobicity, which is important for processes such as association of hyphae in reproductive structures, dispersal of aerial spores and adhesion of pathogens to host structures. Hydrophobins have been divided into two classes based on their hydropathy patterns and biophysical properties. A key difference between class I and class II hydrophobins is that only class I hydrophobins form amyloid-like rodlets which have an underlying cross-beta amyloid structure. Class II hydrophobin films are significantly less robust and lack the rodlet morphology of class I hydrophobins.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",