catalytic core domain of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in the family Matonaviridae of positive-sense single-stranded RNA [(+)ssRNA] viruses
This group contains the catalytic core domain of RdRp of RNA viruses belonging to the family Matonaviridae, order Hepelivirales. Members of the family Matonaviridae have a (+)ssRNA genome enclosed by an icosahedral capsid. Matonaviridae has a single genus, Rubivirus, which contains three species: Rubivirus rubella (commonly called rubella virus), Rubivirus ruteetense (commonly called ruhugu virus), and Rubivirus strelense (commonly called rustrela virus). Rubella virus (RuV) is the etiologic agent of the disease rubella (also called German measles). RuV is transmitted only between humans via the respiratory route, and is the main cause of congenital rubella syndrome (severe congenital birth defects, miscarriage, and stillbirth) when infection occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy. In vitro studies with cell lines showed that RuV has an apoptotic effect on certain cell types; there is evidence for a p53-dependent mechanism. The RdRp domain displays a right hand with three functional subdomains, called fingers, palm, and thumb. All RdRps contain conserved polymerase motifs (A-G), located in the palm (A-E motifs) and finger (F-G) subdomains. All these motifs have been implicated in RdRp fidelity such as processes of correct incorporation and reorganization of nucleotides.
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