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Ligand Binding Domain of Ephrin type-A Receptor 1 Ephrin receptors (EphRs) comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Class EphA receptors bind GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands. There are ten vertebrate EphA receptors (EphA1-10), which display promiscuous interactions with six ephrin-A ligands. EphA1 is downregulated in some advanced colorectal and myeloid cancers and upregulated in neuroblasoma and glioblastoma. EphRs contain a ligand binding domain and two fibronectin repeats extracellularly, a transmembrane segment, and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. Binding of the ephrin ligand to EphR requires cell-cell contact since both are anchored to the plasma membrane. The resulting downstream signals occur bidirectionally in both EphR-expressing cells (forward signaling) and ephrin-expressing cells (reverse signaling). Ephrin/EphR interaction mainly results in cell-cell repulsion or adhesion. |
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",