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Death Domain of Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 Death domain (DD) found in Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1) and related proteins. RIP kinases serve as essential sensors of cellular stress. Vertebrates contain several types containing a homologous N-terminal kinase domain and varying C-terminal domains. RIP1 harbors a C-terminal DD, which binds death receptors (DRs) including TNF receptor 1, Fas, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (TRAILR1), and TRAILR2. It also interacts with other DD-containing adaptor proteins such as TRADD and FADD. RIP1 plays a crucial role in determining a cell's fate, between survival or death, following exposure to stress signals. It is important in the signaling of NF-kappaB and MAPKs, and it links DR-associated signaling to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Abnormal RIP1 function may result in ROS accumulation affecting inflammatory responses, innate immunity, stress responses, and cell survival. In general, DDs are protein-protein interaction domains found in a variety of domain architectures. Their common feature is that they form homodimers by self-association or heterodimers by associating with other members of the DD superfamily including CARD (Caspase activation and recruitment domain), DED (Death Effector Domain), and PYRIN. They serve as adaptors in signaling pathways and can recruit other proteins into signaling complexes. |
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",