Formyltransferase, catalytic core domain. The proteins of this superfamily contain a formyltransferase domain that hydrolyzes the removal of a formyl group from its substrate as part of a multistep transfer mechanism, and this alignment model represents the catalytic core of the formyltransferase domain. This family includes the following known members; Glycinamide Ribonucleotide Transformylase (GART), Formyl-FH4 Hydrolase, Methionyl-tRNA Formyltransferase, ArnA, and 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (FDH). Glycinamide Ribonucleotide Transformylase (GART) catalyzes the third step in de novo purine biosynthesis, the transfer of a formyl group to 5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide. Formyl-FH4 Hydrolase catalyzes the hydrolysis of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (formyl-FH4) to FH4 and formate. Methionyl-tRNA Formyltransferase transfers a formyl group onto the amino terminus of the acyl moiety of the methionyl aminoacyl-tRNA, which plays important role in translation initiation. ArnA is required for the modification of lipid A with 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose (Ara4N) that leads to resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and clinical antimicrobials such as polymyxin. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH) catalyzes the conversion of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, a precursor for nucleotide biosynthesis, to tetrahydrofolate. Members of this family are multidomain proteins. The formyltransferase domain is located at the N-terminus of FDH, Methionyl-tRNA Formyltransferase and ArnA, and at the C-terminus of Formyl-FH4 Hydrolase. Prokaryotic Glycinamide Ribonucleotide Transformylase (GART) is a single domain protein while eukaryotic GART is a trifunctional protein that catalyzes the second, third and fifth steps in de novo purine biosynthesis.
Structure:1ZLY_A; Human glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase, N-terminal GART domain binds the inhibitor hydroxyacetamide ribonucleotide and the cosubstrate 10-formyl-5,8, dideazafolate (10-CHO-DDF).
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",