Vanillin dehydrogenase (Vdh, VaniDH) involved in the metabolism of ferulic acid and other related sequences are included in this CD. The E. coli vanillin dehydrogenase (LigV) preferred NAD+ to NADP+ and exhibited a broad substrate preference, including vanillin, benzaldehyde, protocatechualdehyde, m-anisaldehyde, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde.