BAH, or Bromo Adjacent Homology domain, first copy present in DNA (Cytosine-5)-methyltransferases (DCM) from plants. DNA methylation, or the covalent addition of a methyl group to cytosine within the context of the CpG dinucleotide, has profound effects on the genome. These effects include transcriptional repression via inhibition of transcription factor binding, the recruitment of methyl-binding proteins and their associated chromatin remodeling factors, X chromosome inactivation, imprinting, and the suppression of parasitic DNA sequences. DNA methylation is also essential for proper embryonic development and is an important player in both DNA repair and genome stability. BAH domains are found in a variety of proteins playing roles in transcriptional silencing and the remodeling of chromatin. It is assumed that in most or all of these instances the BAH domain mediates protein-protein interactions.
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