GST_N family, Metaxin subfamily, Metaxin-like proteins; a heterogenous group of proteins, predominantly uncharacterized, with similarity to metaxins and GSTs. Metaxin 1 is a component of a preprotein import complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane. It extends to the cytosol and is anchored to the mitochondrial membrane through its C-terminal domain. In mice, metaxin is required for embryonic development. In humans, alterations in the metaxin gene may be associated with Gaucher disease. One characterized member of this subgroup is a novel GST from Rhodococcus with toluene o-monooxygenase and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activities. Also members are the cadmium-inducible lysosomal protein CDR-1 and its homologs from C. elegans, and the failed axon connections (fax) protein from Drosophila. CDR-1 is an integral membrane protein that functions to protect against cadmium toxicity and may also have a role in osmoregulation to maintain salt balance in C. elegans. The fax gene of Drosophila was identified as a genetic modifier of Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase. The fax protein is localized in cellular membranes and is expressed in embryonic mesoderm and axons of the central nervous system.
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