COVID-19: gastrointestinal symptoms from the view of gut-lung axis

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 May 1;33(5):610-612. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001984.

Abstract

The main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are respiratory manifestations, while some confirmed patients developed gastrointestinal symptoms or even initially presented digestive symptoms. The link between pneumonia and gastrointestinal symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory symptoms coronavirus 2 focused our attention on the concept of 'gut-lung axis'. In this review, we discuss the inevitability and possible mechanisms of the occurrence of intestinal symptoms or intestinal dysfunction in COVID-19 from the perspective of the gut-lung axis, as well as the influence of the imbalance of intestinal homeostasis on the respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. The interaction between lung and intestine might lead to a vicious cycle of pulmonary and intestinal inflammation which may be a potential factor leading to the death of patients with COVID-19.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Pain / physiopathology*
  • COVID-19 / physiopathology*
  • Diarrhea / physiopathology*
  • Feces / virology
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / immunology
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
  • Intestines / immunology
  • Intestines / physiopathology*
  • Lung / immunology
  • Lung / physiopathology*
  • Respiratory Mucosa / immunology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Vomiting / physiopathology*