BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD), treated by a gluten-free diet, may represent a nonspecific trigger for the development of eating pathology, particularly in adolescence. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to perform a systematic study on eating pathology in CD. METHOD: CD patients were assessed for eating disorders by questionnaire, and body mass index was recorded. RESULTS: There was a higher rate of eating pathology in CD patients than would be expected, especially, a higher rate of bulimia nervosa. This subgroup reported more noncompliance with the gluten-free diet and had higher scores on most eating-related questionnaires. In most cases, diagnosis of CD preceded the onset of eating pathology. CONCLUSION: The authors recommend asking early-adolescent CD patients whether they are also dieting for aesthetic reasons.