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TAS2R38 taste 2 receptor member 38 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5726, updated on 31-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
TAS2R38provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
taste 2 receptor member 38provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9584
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000257138 MIM:607751; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9584
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PTC; T2R38; T2R61; THIOT
Summary
This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that controls the ability to taste glucosinolates, a family of bitter-tasting compounds found in plants of the Brassica sp. Synthetic compounds phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) have been identified as ligands for this receptor and have been used to test the genetic diversity of this gene. Although several allelic forms of this gene have been identified worldwide, there are two predominant common forms (taster and non-taster) found outside of Africa. These alleles differ at three nucleotide positions resulting in amino acid changes in the protein (A49P, A262V, and V296I) with the amino acid combination PAV identifying the taster variant (and AVI identifying the non-taster variant). [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
7q34
Exon count:
1
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 7 NC_000007.14 (141972631..141973773, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 7 NC_060931.1 (143288364..143289506, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 7 NC_000007.13 (141672431..141673573, complement)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.14Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901761 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:141645256-141646455 Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 9 subfamily A member 4 Neighboring gene C-type lectin domain containing 5A Neighboring gene OCT4 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:141654062-141654628 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:141695377-141695878 Neighboring gene maltase-glucoamylase Neighboring gene maltase-glucoamylase 2 (putative) Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:141895891-141897090

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Variations in the TAS2R38 gene among college students in Hubei. Wang X, et al. Hereditas, 2022 Dec 19. PMID 36529808, Free PMC Article
  2. Genetic variations in the bitter taste receptor gene TAS2R38 are related to cigarette smoking behavior in Han Chinese smokers. Qi FY, et al. Genes Genomics, 2022 Nov. PMID 36125655
  3. Distribution of TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor phenotype and haplotypes among COVID-19 patients. Risso D, et al. Sci Rep, 2022 May 5. PMID 35513681, Free PMC Article
  4. Chronic Rhinosinusitis: T2r38 Genotyping and Nasal Cytology in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Piatti G, et al. Laryngoscope, 2023 Feb. PMID 35312075, Free PMC Article
  5. Does genetic variation in a bitter taste receptor gene alter early smoking behaviours in adolescents and young adults? Alsaafin A, et al. Addiction, 2022 Jul. PMID 35293057

See all (134) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Genetic variation in TAS2R38 bitterness receptor is associated with body composition in Korean females.
    Title: Genetic variation in TAS2R38 bitterness receptor is associated with body composition in Korean females.
  2. TAS2R38 haplotypes, COVID-19 infection, and symptomatology: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
    Title: TAS2R38 haplotypes, COVID-19 infection, and symptomatology: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
  3. An Investigation of TAS2R38 Haplotypes, Dietary Intake, and Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
    Title: An Investigation of TAS2R38 Haplotypes, Dietary Intake, and Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
  4. Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism of Bitter Taste Receptor TAS2R38 and TAS2R46, and Its Relationship with Eating and Drinking Habits in Japanese ToMMo Subjects.
    Title: Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism of Bitter Taste Receptor TAS2R38 and TAS2R46, and Its Relationship with Eating and Drinking Habits in Japanese ToMMo Subjects.
  5. Functional Alteration and Differential Expression of the Bitter Taste Receptor T2R38 in Human Paranasal Sinus in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis.
    Title: Functional Alteration and Differential Expression of the Bitter Taste Receptor T2R38 in Human Paranasal Sinus in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis.
  6. A Distinctive Pattern of Diversity for the TAS2R38 Gene in North Africa.
    Title: A Distinctive Pattern of Diversity for the TAS2R38 Gene in North Africa.
  7. Influence of the TAS2R38 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Metabolism and Anthropometry in Thyroid Dysfunction.
    Title: Influence of the TAS2R38 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Metabolism and Anthropometry in Thyroid Dysfunction.
  8. Association between Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Propylthiouracil Bitter Taste Thresholds among Adults Living in Japan Using the Modified 2AFC Procedure with the Quest Method.
    Title: Association between Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Propylthiouracil Bitter Taste Thresholds among Adults Living in Japan Using the Modified 2AFC Procedure with the Quest Method.
  9. Chronic Rhinosinusitis: T2r38 Genotyping and Nasal Cytology in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.
    Title: Chronic Rhinosinusitis: T2r38 Genotyping and Nasal Cytology in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.
  10. Variations in the TAS2R38 gene among college students in Hubei.
    Title: Variations in the TAS2R38 gene among college students in Hubei.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (121)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Thiourea tasting
MedGen: C1868397 OMIM: 171200 GeneReviews: Not available
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EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genetic variants associated with disordered eating.
EBI GWAS Catalog
GWAS of human bitter taste perception identifies new loci and reveals additional complexity of bitter taste genetics.
EBI GWAS Catalog
The perception of quinine taste intensity is associated with common genetic variants in a bitter receptor cluster on chromosome 12.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables bitter taste receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables bitter taste receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in membrane IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
taste receptor type 2 member 38
Names
PTC bitter taste receptor
taste receptor type 2 member 61
taste receptor, type 2, member 38

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_016141.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5000..6142
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_176817.5 → NP_789787.5  taste receptor type 2 member 38

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC073647
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS34765.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1U6, P59533, P59552, Q2M3E8, Q645W3, Q86UK3
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    I0CKB5, Q86UK4
    Related
    ENSP00000448219.1, ENST00000547270.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15025
    Location:16 → 309
    7tm_TAS2R38; mammalian taste receptor 2, subtype 38, member of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000007.14 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    141972631..141973773 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060931.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    143288364..143289506 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P59533.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P59533

Gene LinkOut

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