Official Symbol: ATRprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 relatedprovided by HGNC
Primary Source: HGNC:882
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000175054; HPRD:08369; MIM:601215
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: FRP1; MEC1; SCKL; SCKL1; ATR
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs the PI3/PI4-kinase family, and is most closely related to ATM, a protein kinase encoded by the gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia. This protein and ATM share similarity with Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad3, a cell cycle checkpoint gene required for cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair in response to DNA damage. This kinase has been shown to phosphorylate checkpoint kinase CHK1, checkpoint proteins RAD17, and RAD9, as well as tumor suppressor protein BRCA1. Mutations of this gene are associated with Seckel syndrome. An alternatively spliced transcript variant of this gene has been reported, however, its full length nature is not known. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyA sites exist. [provided by RefSeq]

[Top][Help]Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

(minus strand) Go to reference sequence details Try our new Sequence Viewer

[Top][Help]Genomic context

chromosome: 3; Location: 3q22-q24See ATR in MapViewer

[Top][Help]Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Function What's a GeneRIF?

	1.	Investigated the mechanism of ATR up-regulation by COX-2 and tested our hypothesis that COX-2-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation mediates up-regulation of ATR by COX-2.
	2.	These findings show a new function for Cdc5L in the regulation of the ATR-mediated cell-cycle checkpoint in response to genotoxic agents.
	3.	Here, we demonstrate that ATR (AT mutated and Rad3 related) activity is essential for maintaining high chromatin levels of the Cdc6 protein, thereby delaying entry into mitosis during hydroxyurea (HU)-induced S-phase arrest of HeLa cells.
	4.	the restraint of ATR cascade activation may be a novel estrogen action relevant to breast cancer
	5.	the ATR-XPA interaction mediated by the helix-turn-helix motif of XPA plays an important role in DNA-damage responses to promote cell survival and genomic stability after UV irradiation.
	6.	Data provide a model of how the ATM/ATR pathway acts as a molecular switch for regulating cell fates, flipping between cell death via progress into mitosis, and over-replication via sustained G2 arrest upon DNA damage
	7.	we determined the methylation statuso f the promoter in putative modifier genes: BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, ATR and P53 in Jewish BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers with or without breast cancer. hypermethylation was detected only in the BRCA1 promotor
	8.	ATM substrates involved in cell-cycle checkpoint signalling can be minimally phosphorylated independently by ATR, while a small subset of proteins involved in chromatin remodelling are phosphorylated by DNA-PKcs in addition to ATM.
	9.	relevant target of caffeine is the ATR-Chk1 pathway and that inhibiting ATR or Chk1 might have promise in preventing or reversing UV damage
	10.	ATR mutations in endometrial cancers are associated with biologic aggressiveness as evidenced by reduced disease-free and overall survival
	11.	Deficiency in ATR is associatd with marked sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin in osteosarcoma.
	12.	Phosphorylation of FANCA on serine 1449 is a DNA damage-specific event that is downstream of ATR and is functionally important in Fanconi anemia
	13.	Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	14.	The Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) complex is recruited to viral centres only during infection with adenoviruses lacking the early region E4 and ATR signaling is activated.
	15.	Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated-Rad3-related DNA damage checkpoint signaling pathway triggered by hepatitis B virus infection.
	16.	HCLK2 functions in the same pathway as TopBP1 but that the two proteins regulate different steps in ATR activation.
	17.	Single-stranded DNA orchestrates an ATM-to-ATR switch at DNA breaks.
	18.	the NBS1/ATR/BRCA1 repair machinery affects centrosome behavior, and this might be a crucial role in the prevention of malignances.
	19.	BRCA1, ATR and gammaH2AX in the human may be part of a system which signals unsynapsed chromosomes at pachytene and may lead to their silencing.
	20.	ATR-Chk1 signalling pathway plays a major role in the regulation of death in response to DNA replication stress and that the Chk1-suppressed pathway protecting cells from replication stress is clearly distinguishable from that protecting cells from IR
	21.	Observational study and meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	22.	Data show that the basic cleft of the RPA70 N-terminal OB-fold domain binds multiple checkpoint proteins, including RAD9, to promote ATR signaling.
	23.	Mcl-1, perhaps acting as an adaptor protein, in controlling the ATR-mediated regulation of Chk1 phosphorylation
	24.	These data reveal a highly novel role for ATR in the regulation of global-genomic nucleotide excision repair uniquely during S phase of the cell cycle.
	25.	Chk1 is activated by caspase-mediated cleavage during apoptosis and might be implicated in enhancing apoptotic reactions rather than attenuating the ATR-Chk1 pathway
	26.	Nbs1 has a function in ATR signalling in a manner distinct to any role at stalled replication forks. Replication-independent ATR signalling also requires the mediator proteins, 53BP1 and MDC1, providing direct evidence for their role in ATR signalling.
	27.	the ATR-dependent activation of the p38 MAP kinase is a major signaling pathway that induces apoptotic cell death after depletion of Cdc7 in cancer cells
	28.	53BP1 bystander foci were induced in an ATR-dependent manner predominantly in S-phase cells, similar to gammaH2AX foci induction
	29.	Chk1 is the primary signal transducer linking activation of the ATM/ATR kinases to Cdc25A destruction in response to ionizing radiation.
	30.	TopBP1-mediated ATR activation is required for checkpoint signaling and cellular viability
	31.	Results describe the control of HIPK2 stability by ubiquitin ligase Siah-1 and checkpoint kinases ATM and ATR.
	32.	Data show that Chk1 and the Claspin-Timeless module of replication forks not only participate in ATR signaling, but also protect stressed forks independently of ATR.
	33.	an important role for the DNA damage response mediated by ATR-Chk2 in p53 activation and renal cell apoptosis during cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
	34.	role of ATR gene alterations in HL lymphomagenesis.
	35.	p53 is activated by stimulation of mismatch repair in response to the misincorporation of deoxynucleotides into newly synthesized DNA, long before the lack of pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphates causes the rate of DNA synthesis to slow appreciably.
	36.	ectopic activation of ATR leads to a G1/S arrest in ATM-/- cells, providing the first evidence of functional complementation of ATM deficiency by ATR.
	37.	Interplay between ATM and ATR in the regulation of common fragile site stability.
	38.	Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	39.	ATR and DNA-dependent protein kinase cooperate in 2'-C-cyano-2'-deoxy-1-beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylcytosine-induced activation of the G2 checkpoint pathway
	40.	NBS1 mediates ATR-dependent RPA hyperphosphorylation following replication fork stall and collapse.
	41.	The increase of cell membranous phosphatidylcholines containing unsaturated fatty acid residues induces phosphorylation of p53 through activation of ATR.
	42.	Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	43.	Frequent mutations in MSI-H colon cancers were identified within the ATR damage response pathway.
	44.	This activation of ATR appeared to result from THIF-induced increases in intracellular oxidative stress, a depletion of cellular GSH and an increase in DNA strand breakage.
	45.	The ATR-mediated S phase checkpoint prevents replication in mammalian cells when licensing control is disrupted.
	46.	ATR/Chk1 pathway is activated at an early time point after the loss of Geminin and contributes to checkpoint arrest
	47.	ATR/ATM-independent checkpoint response to DNA synthesis inhibition exists in HeLa cells.
	48.	show that the damage sensor ATR in the presence of topoisomerase II binding protein 1 (TopBP1) mediator/adaptor protein phosphorylates the Chk1 signal-transducing kinase
	49.	influence the phosphorylation state of a specific protein substrate of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) kinases.
	50.	Results suggest that protein ubiquitylation is an important regulatory mechanism downstream of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated) and ATR (ATM-Rad3-related) activation for checkpoint control.
	51.	transcription-based stress response involving replication protein A, ATR, and p53 has evolved as a DNA damage-sensing mechanism to safeguard cells against DNA damage-induced mutagenesis
	52.	the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex plays critical roles both upstream and downstream of ATR to regulate the S-phase checkpoint when replication forks are stalled
	53.	Data suggest that the UVC-induced S checkpoint response of inhibition of replicon initiation is mediated by ATR signaling through Chk-1 and is independent of ATM, Nbs1, and Mre11.
	54.	N-terminal domain of the ATRIP protein contributes to the cell cycle checkpoint by regulating the intranuclear localization of ATR
	55.	ATR was indentified as a novel mediator of telomere-dependent senescence in response to interstrand cross-link induced by photoactivated psoralens.
	56.	In support of the idea that checkpoint activation and apoptosis induction are functionally linked, we show that Bax activation by Vpr was ablated when ATR or GADD45alpha was knocked down
	57.	ATRIP is required for ATR accumulation at intranuclear foci induced by DNA damage.
	58.	ATR-checkpoint kinase 1-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory circuit functions to keep Chk1 in a low-activity state during an unperturbed cell division cycle
	59.	there are at least two in vitro ATR-ATRIP DNA binding complexes, one which binds DNA with high affinity in an RPA-dependent manner and a second, which binds DNA with lower affinity in an RPA-independent manner
	60.	Thus, optimal repair of damaged replication fork lesions likely requires both ATR and ATM. BLM recruits 53BP1 to these lesions independent of its helicase activity, and optimal activation of ATM requires both p53 and BLM helicase activities.
	61.	ATR-dependent bystander foci induction in irradiated primary astrocytes and glioma lines is restricted to S-phase cells.
	62.	Data show that ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced ATR signaling is compromised in XPA-deficient human cells during S phase, and this signaling involves UV bypass polymerase eta.
	63.	ATR has a role in the DNA damage-signaling pathway by a viral gene product
	64.	not required for HIV-1 derived lentivirus vector integration
	65.	activity of the ATR kinase is required for successful completion of the viral DNA integration process and/or survival of transduced cells
	66.	The G2/M checkpoint-mediated arrest of the cell cycle is critical for the prevention of both apoptosis and the accumulation of cells with rereplicated DNA, because the loss of ATR, BRCA1, or FANCA promotes apoptosis and suppresses the accumulation.
	67.	Alterations in the ATR gene result in an abnormal response to DNA double-strand break and single-strand break repair, suggesting a role for ATR gene alterations in NKTCL lymphomagenesis.
	68.	lack of role in cellular response to DNA strand-scission enediyne C-1027
	69.	A model in which MSH2 and ATR function upstream to regulate two branches of the response pathway to DNA damage caused by MNNG.
	70.	Data suggest that Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (Nbs1) functions in both ATR- (ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein-dependent signalling.
	71.	ATR checkpoint kinase and RPA1 are required for efficient FANCD2 monoubiquitination
	72.	ATM and Mre11 may stimulate the ATR signaling pathway by converting DNA damage generated by ionizing radiation into structures that recruit and activate ATR
	73.	hSMG-1 teams with ATM and ATR to insure the overall quality of the transcriptome in human cells [review]
	74.	Polyglutamine-expanded proteins strongly activated ATR.
	75.	41 sequence variants, including 16 coding variants, 3 of were unreported, were found. 2 new alternative splice transcripts were found: 1 in intron 41 & 1 resulting from a deletion of 121 nucleotides in exon 33.
	76.	ATR kinase has a critical role in the response of hypoxia and reperfusion in solid tumors.
	77.	data suggest that RPA-coated ssDNA is the critical structure at sites of DNA damage that recruits the ATR-ATRIP complex and facilitates its recognition of substrates for phosphorylation and the initiation of checkpoint signaling
	78.	the G2 checkpoint in irradiated human cells derives from an overactivation of the ATR/CHK1 pathway.
	79.	ATR is activated in a variety of replication-linked DNA double-strand breaks from ionizing radiation and leads to activation of checkpoints in a checkpoint kinase (Chk)1-dependent manner.
	80.	while ATR mediates the S-phase response, it is not critical for arrest of cells in G(2)/M
	81.	ATR has a role in regulating cyclin B1 phosphorylation by inhibiting Plk1 kinase activity
	82.	WRN and ATR colocalize after replication fork arrest, suggesting that WRN and the ATR kinase collaborate to prevent genome instability during the S phase.
	83.	The transient slow-down of DNA synthesis was abolished in cells lacking ATR, whereas CHK1-siRNA-treated cells, NBS1 or Fanconi anemia cells showed partial S-phase arrest.
	84.	data reveal activated ATM and ATR exhibit selective substrate specificity in response to DNA damage
	85.	Effects of ATR on cell radiosensitivity are independent of NHEJ but are linked to HRR that may be affected by the deficient S and G(2) checkpoints.
	86.	hyperoxia activates the ATR-Chk1 pathway and phosphorylates p53 at multiple sites in an ATM-independent manner, which is different from other forms of oxidative stress such as H2O2 or UV light.
	87.	regulated degradation of histone mRNAs requires regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 delta helicase, a key regulator of the nonsense-mediated decay pathway, and ATR, a key regulator of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway activated during replication stress
	88.	The activation of ATM/ATR/CHK signaling pathways contributes to this G2 checkpoint and highlight the interrelated roles of p14ARF and the Tip60 protein in the initiation of this DNA damage-signaling cascade.
	89.	Herpes simplex virus type I can disrupt the usually tight colocalization of ATR and ATRIP.
	90.	The role of RAS proteins in the activation of ATR and the cell cycle in thyrocytes is reported.
	91.	Claspin may be one of the phosphoproteins through which PP2A(Aalpha/Cbeta) affects Chk1 phosphorylation when ATR is activated by human immunodeficiency virus-1 Vpr.
	92.	EBNA3C can directly regulate the G2/M component of the host cell cycle machinery through ATM/ATR and Chk2, allowing for the release of the checkpoint block
	93.	ATR activation is facilitated by phosphorylated H2AX stabilizing ATR at the sites of arrested replication forks
	94.	low-dose UV radiation activates an S-phase checkpoint requiring ATR-mediated signal transduction pathway
	95.	ATR may function as an initial sensor in the DNA damage checkpoint response to UV.
	96.	ATR is one of the kinases that is likely involved in phosphorylation of Chk2 in response to ionizing radiation when ATM is deficient.
	97.	ATM phosphorylation at Ser1981, a characterised autophosphorylation site, is ATR-dependent and ATM-independent following replication fork stalling or ultraviolet rays treatment.
	98.	a direct physical interaction between BRCA1 and ATRIP is required for the checkpoint function of ATR
	99.	ATR has a role in regulating chromosomal fragile sites and DNA replication
	100.	BRCA1 facilitates the ability of ATM and ATR to phosphorylate downstream substrates that directly influence cell cycle checkpoint arrest and apoptosis
	101.	Data show that Artemis interacts with cell cycle checkpoint proteins and is a phosphorylation target of the checkpoint kinases ATM or ATR after exposure of cells to IR or UV irradiation, respectively.
	102.	PP5 plays a critical role in ATR-mediated checkpoint activation
	103.	binds novel protein called ATRIP (ATR-interacting protein); ATRIP and ATR are mutually dependent partners in cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathways
	104.	Both 53BP1 and NFBD1 are required for recruitment of ATR to DNA damage sites, as well as for ATR-dependent phosphorylation in response to DNA damage.
	105.	recruitment of ATR to sites of IR-induced DNA damage is concomitant with appearance of large tracts of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and that this event is dependent on ATM and components of the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) protein complex
	106.	Data show that recombinant TopBP1 induces a large increase in the kinase activity of both Xenopus and human ATR-ATRIP.
	107.	The response of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies to DNA double-strand breaks is regulated by NBS1, ATM, Chk2, and ATR.
	108.	in response to UV-induced DNA damage, ATR rapidly phosphorylates RPA2, disrupting its association with replication centers in the S-phase and contributing to the inhibition of DNA replication
	109.	ATRIP is a CDK2 substrate, and CDK2-dependent phosphorylation of S224 regulates the ability of ATR-ATRIP to promote cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage
	110.	ATR kinase plays an important role during tumor development in responding to hypoxia-induced replication arrest, and hypoxic conditions could select for the loss of key components of ATR-dependent checkpoint controls
	111.	ATR and Chk1 play critical roles in the cellular response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in cancer cell lines, and inhibitors of ATR and Chk1 represent new hypoxic cell cytotoxins.
	112.	ATR serves as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in mismatch repair-deficient cells
	113.	The ATR protein Deltap53 is an essential element of the ATR-intra-S phase checkpoint.
	114.	These results suggest that while TopBP1 is a general regulator of ATR, Claspin operates downstream of TopBP1 to selectively regulate the Chk1-controlled branch of the genotoxic stress response.
	115.	The N-terminus of ATR is sufficient to bind ATRIP and to promote localization to sites of replication stress.
	116.	ATR-p53 pathway is suppressed in noncycling lymphocytes via ATR downregulation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

[Top][Help]HIV-1 protein interactions

Protein	Interaction
1. Vpr	HIV-1 Vpr induces phosphorylation of replication protein A (RPA32) at serine 4 and 8 in an ATR-dependent manner	PubMed
2.	HIV-1 Vpr-induced apoptosis is mediated via Bax, downstream of ATR activation	PubMed
3.	HIV-1 Vpr activates ATR, resulting in phosphorylation of Chk1 and activation of the ATR-mediated DNA damage response	PubMed
4.	HIV-1 Vpr induces phosphorylation of BRCA1 at serine 1423 in an ATR-dependent manner	PubMed
5. integrase	ATR kinase is hypothesized to be required for successful completion of the HIV-1 viral DNA integration process, suggesting a functional interaction with HIV-1 Integrase	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

[Top][Help]Interactions

Description ..........
Product	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs
ATR interacts with ASCIZ. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between yeast ATR and human ASCIZ.
NP_001175.1	AAH02701.1	ATMIN		BIND	PubMed
BRCA1 physically and functionally interacts with ATR during genotoxic stress
NP_001175.1	NP_009227.1	BRCA1		BIND	PubMed
ATR interacts with CHEK1 (CHK1).
NP_001175.1	NP_001265.1	CHEK1		BIND	PubMed
p18 interacts with ATR.
NP_001175.1	NP_004271.1	EEF1E1		BIND	PubMed
NBS1 interacts with ATR.
NP_001175.1	NP_002476.2	NBN		BIND	PubMed
ATR phosphorylates PML.
NP_001175.1	NP_002666.1	PML		BIND	PubMed
ATR interacts with Rheb.
NP_001175.1	NP_005605.1	RHEB		BIND	PubMed
ATR interacts with TP53 (p53).
NP_001175.1	NP_000537.2	TP53		BIND	PubMed
XRCC5 (Ku80) interacts with ATR.
NP_001175.1	NP_066964.1	XRCC5		BIND	PubMed

Q13535	Q9NY61	AATF		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	Q8WXE1	ATRIP		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P38398	BRCA1		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	Q14839	CHD4		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	O14757	CHEK1		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	O96017	CHEK2		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	Q9HAW4	CLSPN		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	Q01094	E2F1		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	O43324	EEF1E1		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P17948	FLT1		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P35968	KDR		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P43246	MSH2		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	O60934	NBN		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	O75943	RAD17		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	Q15382	RHEB		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P04637	TP53		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P23025	XPA		HPRD	PubMed

Q13535	P13010	XRCC5		HPRD	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:106543	ABL1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:106671	AP1B1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:106670	AP2A2		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:114585	ARHGEF1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:106962	ATM		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:107027	ATR		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:313463	ATRIP		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:107140	BRCA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:107142	BRCA2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:107533	CHD4		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:107536	CHEK1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:122015	CLSPN		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:108209	E4F1		BioGRID	PubMed
Co-localization
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:109268	H2AFX		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:109315	HDAC1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-purification
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:109316	HDAC2		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110169	LIG4		BioGRID	PubMed
Biochemical Activity
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110339	MCM2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110344	MCM7		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110501	MRE11A		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110573	MSH2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:114562	MTA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:114652	MTA2		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:110763	NBN		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111075	PA2G4		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111308	PIK3CA		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111420	POLD1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111512	PPP2R2A		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111769	PTS		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111821	RAD17		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:111941	RHEB		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:112037	RPA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:113010	TP53		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:113323	WRN		BioGRID	PubMed
Co-localization
BioGRID:107027	BioGRID:113345	XPC		BioGRID	PubMed

[Top][Help]General gene information

Markers

A008V33(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:47401

GDB:4585095(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:43824

STS-U76308(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:71733

D3S1316(e-PCR), detects polymorphism: Links: UniSTS:62280

SHGC-154915(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:183720

D3S3710(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:9418

SHGC-33010(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:24535

G65709(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:225505

D3S3694(e-PCR), detects polymorphism: Links: UniSTS:16617

Phenotypes

Seckel syndrome 1: MIM: 210600

Genotypes

See ATR SNP Genotype Report

See ATR SNP Geneview Report

Homology

Homologs of the ATR gene The ATR gene is conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, rat, and zebrafish.

Map Viewer (Rat)

Pathways

KEGG pathway: Cell cycle: 04110
KEGG pathway: p53 signaling pathway: 04115
Reactome Event:Cell Cycle Checkpoints: REACT_1538
Reactome Event:DNA Repair: REACT_216

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence
ATP binding	IEA
DNA binding	IEA
MutLalpha complex binding	IDA	PubMed
MutSalpha complex binding	IDA	PubMed
manganese ion binding	IEA
nucleotide binding	IEA
protein binding	IPI	PubMed
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP	PubMed
transferase activity	IEA

Process	Evidence
DNA damage checkpoint	IDA	PubMed
DNA repair	IEA
cell cycle	TAS	PubMed
multicellular organismal development	TAS	PubMed
negative regulation of DNA replication	IMP	PubMed
protein amino acid phosphorylation	IEA
regulation of protein binding	IEA
response to DNA damage stimulus	TAS	PubMed
senescence	IDA	PubMed

Component	Evidence
XY body	IEA
chromosome	IEA
nucleoplasm	EXP	PubMed
nucleus	IEA

[Top][Help]General protein information

Preferred Names: ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein

Names: ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein; protein kinase ATR; Rad3 related protein; FRAP-related protein-1; MEC1, mitosis entry checkpoint 1, homolog

NP_001175.2: EC 2.7.11.1

[Top][Help]NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

Genomic

NG_008951.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5000..134591

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001184.3 → NP_001175.2 ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein

Source sequence(s)

BE859077,DC346860,U49844,U76308

Consensus CDS

CCDS3124.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q13535

Related Ensembl

ENSP00000343741, ENST00000350721

Conserved Domains (4) summary

pfam02259
Location:1771 – 2092
Blast Score: 575

FAT; FAT domain

pfam02260
Location:2613 – 2644
Blast Score: 141

FATC; FATC domain

cd00892
Location:2293 – 2567
Blast Score: 1246

PIKKc_ATR; ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related), catalytic domain; The ATR catalytic domain subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as the typical serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinases (PKs)...

cl06893
Location:1119 – 1225
Blast Score: 334

UME; UME (NUC010) domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.1

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 37 (GRCh37), Primary_Assembly

Genomic

NC_000003.11

Range

142168076..142297667, complement

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NT_005612.16

Range

48663222..48792813, complement

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GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (Celera)

Genomic

AC_000046.1

Range

140574470..140721116, complement

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GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NW_921807.1

Range

48760140..48906786, complement

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GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (HuRef)

Genomic

AC_000135.1

Range

139541210..139670336

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GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NW_001838884.2

Range

51758694..51887820

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GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

[Top][Help]Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
genomic	A61385.1	CAA03590.1
genomic	AC109992.6 (40246..112543)	None
genomic	AC134509.2 (2013..59287)	None
genomic	AF325699.1	AAK26749.1
genomic	CH471052.2	EAW78969.1
		EAW78970.1
mRNA	AB208847.1	BAD92084.1
mRNA	AK307402.1	None
mRNA	BE859077.1	None
mRNA	DC346860.1	None
mRNA	U49844.1	AAC50405.1
mRNA	U76308.1	AAC50929.1
mRNA	Y09077.1	CAA70298.1
other-genetic	BC172404.1	AAI72404.1