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    Irx3 Iroquois related homeobox 3 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 16373, updated on 21-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Irx3provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    Iroquois related homeobox 3provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1197522
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000031734 AllianceGenome:MGI:1197522
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including His-Purkinje system development; energy homeostasis; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Acts upstream of or within kidney development; mesoderm development; and regulation of neuron differentiation. Located in axon; cytoplasm; and nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; genitourinary system; heart; limb; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human IRX3 (iroquois homeobox 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Biased expression in lung adult (RPKM 30.6), CNS E11.5 (RPKM 28.6) and 12 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    8 C5; 8 44.55 cM
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 8 NC_000074.7 (92525139..92528282, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 8 NC_000074.6 (91798511..91801654, complement)

    Chromosome 8 - NC_000074.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene iroquois homeobox 3, opposite strand Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_22311 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 36380 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39222 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39223 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_22312 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_22313 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm1651 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 36670

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Irx3 promotes gap junction communication between uterine stromal cells to regulate vascularization during embryo implantation†. Brown RM, et al. Biol Reprod, 2022 May 17. PMID 35138358, Free PMC Article
    2. Macrophage IRX3 promotes diet-induced obesity and metabolic inflammation. Yao J, et al. Nat Immunol, 2021 Oct. PMID 34556885
    3. Genetic defects in a His-Purkinje system transcription factor, IRX3, cause lethal cardiac arrhythmias. Koizumi A, et al. Eur Heart J, 2016 May 7. PMID 26429810, Free PMC Article
    4. IRX3 and IRX5 Inhibit Adipogenic Differentiation of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes and Promote Osteogenesis. Tan Z, et al. J Bone Miner Res, 2020 Dec. PMID 32662900
    5. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity and differential epigenetic marks direct sexually dimorphic regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 in developing mouse gonads. Koth ML, et al. Development, 2020 Mar 30. PMID 32108023, Free PMC Article

    See all (171) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Irx3 promotes gap junction communication between uterine stromal cells to regulate vascularization during embryo implantationdagger.
      Title: Irx3 promotes gap junction communication between uterine stromal cells to regulate vascularization during embryo implantation†.
    2. Macrophage IRX3 promotes diet-induced obesity and metabolic inflammation.
      Title: Macrophage IRX3 promotes diet-induced obesity and metabolic inflammation.
    3. IRX3 and IRX5 collaborate during ovary development and follicle formation to establish responsive granulosa cells in the adult mousedagger.
      Title: IRX3 and IRX5 collaborate during ovary development and follicle formation to establish responsive granulosa cells in the adult mouse†.
    4. IRX3 and IRX5 Inhibit Adipogenic Differentiation of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes and Promote Osteogenesis.
      Title: IRX3 and IRX5 Inhibit Adipogenic Differentiation of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes and Promote Osteogenesis.
    5. Irx3 and Irx5 in Ins2-Cre(+) cells regulate hypothalamic postnatal neurogenesis and leptin response.
      Title: Irx3 and Irx5 in Ins2-Cre(+) cells regulate hypothalamic postnatal neurogenesis and leptin response.
    6. Extensive pleiotropism and allelic heterogeneity mediate metabolic effects of IRX3 and IRX5.
      Title: Extensive pleiotropism and allelic heterogeneity mediate metabolic effects of IRX3 and IRX5.
    7. IRX3/5 regulate mitotic chromatid segregation and limb bud shape.
      Title: IRX3/5 regulate mitotic chromatid segregation and limb bud shape.
    8. Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin activity and differential epigenetic marks direct sexually dimorphic regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 in developing mouse gonads.
      Title: Canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity and differential epigenetic marks direct sexually dimorphic regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 in developing mouse gonads.
    9. Irx3 is required for preadipocyte identity and differentiation capacity.
      Title: The homeobox factor Irx3 maintains adipogenic identity.
    10. Promotion of IRX3 signalling or inhibition of IRX5 signalling could be a route towards differentiation therapy for Wilms tumour, in which WNT5A is a candidate molecule for enforced tubular maturation.
      Title: The Iroquois homeobox proteins IRX3 and IRX5 have distinct roles in Wilms tumour development and human nephrogenesis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Targeted (5)  1 citation
    • Endonuclease-mediated (5) 

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in His-Purkinje system cell differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in Purkinje myocyte development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in atrioventricular bundle cell differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cell development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in energy homeostasis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within kidney development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within mesoderm development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in metanephros development IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of neuron differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in neuron differentiation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of neuron differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of gap junction assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of neuron differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proximal/distal pattern formation involved in nephron development IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in specification of loop of Henle identity IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in axon IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-3
    Names
    homeodomain protein IRXB1
    iroquois homeobox protein 3

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001253822.1 → NP_001240751.1  iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-3 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001240751.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK143023, BC067195
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS57630.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P81067
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000091002.4, ENSMUST00000093312.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00548
      Location:345 → 362
      IRO; Motif in Iroquois-class homeodomain proteins (only). Unknown function
      pfam05920
      Location:148 → 187
      Homeobox_KN; Homeobox KN domain

    2. NM_008393.3 → NP_032419.2  iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-3 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032419.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK143023, BC067195, BC085500
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS57631.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P81067, Q3UPZ3, Q5U3K8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000135488.2, ENSMUST00000175795.4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00548
      Location:345 → 362
      IRO; Motif in Iroquois-class homeodomain proteins (only). Unknown function
      pfam05920
      Location:148 → 187
      Homeobox_KN; Homeobox KN domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000074.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      92525139..92528282 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P81067.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P81067

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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