Official Symbol: ARprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: androgen receptorprovided by HGNC
Primary Source: HGNC:644
Locus Tag: RP11-383C12.1
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000169083; HPRD:02437; MIM:313700
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: KD; AIS; TFM; DHTR; SBMA; HYSP1; NR3C4; SMAX1; HUMARA; AR
Summary: The androgen receptor gene is more than 90 kb long and codes for a protein that has 3 major functional domains: the N-terminal domain, DNA-binding domain, and androgen-binding domain. The protein functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. This gene contains 2 polymorphic trinucleotide repeat segments that encode polyglutamine and polyglycine tracts in the N-terminal transactivation domain of its protein. Expansion of the polyglutamine tract causes spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease). Mutations in this gene are also associated with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS). Two alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq]

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chromosome: X; Location: Xq11.2-q12See AR in MapViewer

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Function What's a GeneRIF?

	1.	NF-kappaB can regulate AR expression in prostate cancer; NF-kappaB inhibitors may have therapeutic potential.
	2.	significant and positive correlation between CAG repeat length and serum testosterone concentration was demonstrated in infertile Egyptian men. This suggests the involvement of epigenetic regulation linked to this region.
	3.	AR may function as a PP1 regulatory subunit and mediate PP1a recruitment to chromatin, where it can modulate transcription and splicing.
	4.	SUMO modification of the androgen receptor attenuates polyglutamine-mediated aggregation
	5.	Different groups of AR target genes have distinct requirements for coactivators and response to androgen receptor ligands.
	6.	activation of the AR through Smads is required for activin A-promoted prostate cancer cell migration to bone matrix, thereby promoting the bone metastatic phenotype
	7.	The AR mutations at residue 754 and 690 bound androgen with decreasing affinity.
	8.	the AR gene CAG repeat polymorphism may be one of the candidate genetic markers for male acne susceptibility in the Han population
	9.	NLK expression is altered during prostate cancer progression and it is involved in regulation of AR signaling in these cells
	10.	androgen receptor/ectodysplasin A2 receptor haplotype may have a role in male pattern baldness
	11.	In contrast with male androgenetic alopecia, no association was found between type II androgenetic alopecia in Egyptian women and the AR gene
	12.	Some support for an influence of the studied polymorphisms on the susceptibility for autism, but mutations in the AR gene are not common in subjects with this condition.
	13.	Functional variation of the androgen receptor gene is able to modulate memory function in women.
	14.	The role of AR in androgen-independent cancer cells is not to direct the androgen-dependent gene expression program without androgen, but rather to execute a distinct program resulting in androgen-independent growth.
	15.	Activated MEK signaling cascade inhibits functional recruitment of corepressor SMRT to cyproterone acetate-bound AR in prostate cancer cells.
	16.	reduced length of the investigated trinucleotide repeat might aggravate craving symptoms. Moreover, an elevated number of repeats might be protective against severe craving of alcohol.
	17.	Polyglutamine-expanded AR must reside within nuclei in the presence of its ligand to cause spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.
	18.	Our results suggest that the repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene may influence personality traits in men.
	19.	Novel 212A-->G exchange in the CAG repeat leading to a glutamine-->arginine substitution and a change in alpha-helix structure in Sertoli cells in a patient.
	20.	IRS-1 is a novel AR regulator
	21.	this study is the first to demonstrate a significant positive association between the GGN repeat and androgen levels in a large cohort of healthy men
	22.	Colorectal epithelial cells carrying AR alleles with shorter trinucleotide repeat lengths may be more androgen-sensitive and therefore have a growth advantage.
	23.	Treatment with antiandrogens selects for gain-of-function AR mutations with altered stability in treatment of prostate cancer.
	24.	androgen (AR) mRNA levels in LNCaP cells were markedly decreased by EGF and heregulin-beta1, and experiments with actinomycin D to block new mRNA synthesis showed that AR mRNA degradation was increased
	25.	There was no evidence of copy number variation (CNV) in androgen receptor (AR) in any of the cases or controls, and thus no evidence of significant association between androgenetic alopecia and AR CNV
	26.	Study concludes that betaArrestin2 acts as a corepressor of AR by serving as a scaffold for Mdm2 leading to the AR ubiquitylation and degradation.
	27.	NSD2 protein is recruited to the enhancer region of the PSA gene by AR in an agonist-enhanced manner.
	28.	Systemically stable endostatin expression delays the onset of metastatic switch in transgenic mice by acting on multiple pathways involving the androgen receptor.
	29.	SENP1 reverses the ligand-induced SUMOylation of AR and helps fine tune the cellular responses to androgens in a target promoter-selective manner.
	30.	A stromal factor-activated ERK pathway mediated by AR phosphorylation at Ser-81 could be responsible for stimulating the growth of human prostate cancer cells
	31.	There are two classes of amino/carboxyl (N/C)-deficient androgen receptor variant that diverge in capacity to act in a chromatin context. This further defines the interplay between N/C interaction and coregulator recruitment via multiple receptor domains.
	32.	A point mutation (S296R) in the amino-terminal domain of the AR can decrease the ligand specificity of the AR and alter the interaction between serine296arginine and the nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (N-coR).
	33.	short-term inhibition of p42/p44 MAPK activity by depletion of kinase with small interfering RNA caused target gene-specific reductions in AR activity
	34.	acute elevations in circulating testosterone potentiated muscle AR content following resistance exercise.
	35.	Authors observed homogeneity in ERG gene rearrangement status in CTCs in contrast to significant heterogeneity of AR copy number gain and PTEN loss, suggesting that rearrangement of ERG may be an earlier event in prostate carcinogenesis.
	36.	Results suggest that longer alleles of the CAG and GGN polymorphisms in the exon-1 of the androgen receptor gene, indicative of lower androgenic signaling, respectively protect women from developing dyslipemia and men from developing insulin resistance.
	37.	The expression of androgen receptor (AR) in high-grade salivary gland cancers suggests a possible role for AR in the clinical management of these neoplasms.
	38.	IL-6 may cause growth of androgen receptor-positive tumours in vitro and in vivo through activation of the androgen receptor
	39.	The data demonstrate that, in contrast to mice, no alterations in the expression of androgen and estrogen hormone receptors were evident after surgery in patients.
	40.	We found only association between number of CAG repeat an androgen receptor gene and concentration of cholesterol LDL (which it is as we knows atherogenic factor).
	41.	the single macro domain in LRP16 can serve as the AR coactivator
	42.	Prostatic cancer aggressiveness and efficacy of castration therapy are related to AR levels in the tumor stroma and importantly to normal prostate tissue stromal cells.
	43.	knockdown of AR can decrease serum PSA, inhibit tumor growth, and frequently cause tumor regression
	44.	Expression of DBC1 also enhanced the binding of AR to chromatinized template in vivo, whereas knockdown of DBC1 impaired the binding of AR to endogenous prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene in the prostate cancer
	45.	Id-1 expression in androgen-dependent prostate cancer was negatively regulated by androgen in a receptor-dependent way.
	46.	Abnormal expansion of polyQ may potentiate innate androgen-dependent association of AR with Rb through aberrant E2F transactivation caused by suppressed histone deacetylation.
	47.	Secreted Frizzled-related protein-1 is a negative regulator of androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer.
	48.	Variant alleles of 3 correlated htSNPS (rs6152, rs1204038, rs1337082) might be associated with endometrial cancer risk.
	49.	The shorter alleles of CAG and GGN repeats in the AR gene are associated to an increased AR signalling intensity in human prostate cancer, and with more aggressive forms of the disease.
	50.	putative AR co-factor, DDX17, is known to be a co-factor for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), but has never been associated with AR function.
	51.	These results indicate a negative regulation of prostate cancer growth and invasion by stromal AR.
	52.	Case Report: Ala 586 Asp mutation in androgen receptor disrupts transactivation function without affecting androgen binding.
	53.	This study provides evidence that male gender identity might be partly mediated through the androgen receptor.
	54.	Androgen receptor (AR) gene mutation of codon 840 CGT (arginine) to CAT (histidine)led to the infertility in the patients.
	55.	KLK4 is only expressed in breast and prostate cancers that express the progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR), respectively.
	56.	A novel mutation F826L located within the ligand binding domain (LBD) of the human androgen receptor (AR) was investigated.
	57.	Dihydrotestosterone inhibits adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and human preadipocytes through an AR-mediated pathway.
	58.	Androgen receptor gene short CAG repeats with a relatively high receptor function may constitute a susceptibility factor for the development of premature ovarian failure.
	59.	Drosophila CREB binding protein (dCBP) was found to corepress AR transactivation at the pericentric region whereas it led to coactivation in the euchromatic area.
	60.	The enrichment of ARORs for the Oct-binding, TTGGCAAATA-like motif may reflect a mechanism that utilizes Oct1 to keep AR activity in check at some AR-occupied regions, while augmenting AR activity in other AR-occupied regions
	61.	androgen receptor signaling and prostate specific antigen expression is suppressed by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in different progression stages of LNCaP prostate cancer cells
	62.	there may be limited clinical use for determining AR expression in men with localized prostate cancer
	63.	The authors report here that CDC25A, a cell cycle-promoting phosphatase over-expressed in a number of cancers, functions as an androgen receptor (AR) coregulator suppressing the AR transcriptional activity.
	64.	The AR CAG repeat length correlates significantly with serum T and estradiol of aging men.
	65.	Data support the view that the presence and length of the poly-glutamine repeat modulate the folding and structure of the androgen receptor amino-terminal domain.
	66.	Our study suggests that the reduced CAG repeats in the AR gene are associated with criminal behavior.
	67.	Weak linkages in AR can be identified and can be good information for the prediction of possible new mutations that can result in phenotype abnormality.
	68.	Inhibition by pomegranate polyphenols of gene expression involved in androgen-synthesizing enzymes and the androgen receptors may be of particular importance in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.
	69.	AR protein is found in both X- and Y-carrier spermatozoa, and it is translated in earlier steps of spermatogenesis and moves to Y-carrier spermatids through the cytoplasmic bridges.
	70.	Results imply that androgen signalling through the androgen receptor may positively or negatively regulate TGF-beta1 expression in response to various signals or under different environmental conditions.
	71.	The ligand-binding domain of the human androgen receptor has been cloned, overproduced and crystallized in the presence of a coactivator-like 11-mer peptide and two different nonsteroidal ligands.
	72.	Findings suggest that the GGGA repeat from ESR1 and the CAG repeat from AR may be associated with risk of late onset prostate cancer.
	73.	coexpression of PTEN and AR should be undertaken to validate this pilot study and the utility of these biomarkers in routine histopathologic workup of patients with PC.
	74.	Observational study and meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	75.	Testosterone represses MAFbx expression via interactions of the AR with Oct-1.
	76.	HER-2/neu, AR, and p53 are expressed in a subset of histologically and clinically benign pleomorphic adenomas. These markers cannot be used to reliably predict early carcinomatous transformation in pleomorphic adenoma.
	77.	there are two parallel cell-survival pathways in prostate cancer cells: a strong Akt-independent, but rapamycin-sensitive pathway downstream of mTORC1, and an AR-dependent pathway downstream of mTORC2 and Akt, that is stimulated by mTORC1 inhibition
	78.	The androgen receptor missense mutations P723S, P904S, and H917R, clinically associated with CAIS, which were described to have a normal maximum androgen binding (Bmax) but elevated equilibrium dissociation constants, is analyzed.
	79.	There is an association of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism length with obesity and serum leptin in men with type 2 diabetes.
	80.	the activated AR can downregulate E-cadherin expression to promote the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis.
	81.	RNA editing of AR gene transcripts may contribute to the etiology of hormone-refractory phenotypes in advanced stage AI CaP
	82.	AR genes are overexpressed by granulosa cells from stimulated follicles of women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
	83.	The AR gene CAG repeat polymorphism may contribute to the serum concentration of free testosterone in polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
	84.	androgen receptor-occupied regions with different functions, defined by histone acetylation, coregulators and transcriptional capacity
	85.	the AR might function as a suppressor in epithelial cells and a proliferator in stromal cells in the primary prostate tumors
	86.	Variation at the androgen receptor gene is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in males with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
	87.	stimulation of AR45 receptors by androgens up-regulates HERG K+ channel abundance and activity mainly through stabilizing HERG protein in an ERK1/2 dependent mechanism, and suggest a mechanism to explain the sex difference in the long QT syndrome
	88.	decreased PMEPA1 expression frequently noted in prostate cancers may lead to increased AR functions and strengthen the biological role of the NEDD4-binding protein PMEPA1 in prostate cancers
	89.	Data suggest that RhoA and B small GTPases, along with ROCK, are major membrane androgen receptor effectors controlling actin reorganization and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
	90.	Evidence for association of the G1733A polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene with recurrent spontaneous abortions.
	91.	isoflavone-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis are partly mediated through the regulation of the Akt/FOXO3a/GSK-3beta/AR signaling network.
	92.	The percentage of AR-positive cancer cells was higher in hereditary prostate cancer compared with sporadic cases.
	93.	The polymorphism was not found to be a major risk factor for the presence of PCOS and for hyperandrogenemia in PCOS.
	94.	AR expression after heat treatment is involved in heat-induced cell junction disruption
	95.	Case Reports: Sex-reversed phenotype in association with two novel mutations c.2494delA and c.T3004C in the ligand-binding domain of the androgen receptor gene.
	96.	These findings show that AR antagonists can enhance corepressor recruitment by stabilizing a distinct antagonist conformation of the AR coactivator/corepressor binding site
	97.	analysis of androgen regulation of the androgen receptor coregulators
	98.	allelic variation in PSA promoter activity may be androgen dependent and interaction of genes in androgen pathway may influence the risk of BPH and PC in Singapore males.
	99.	There is a positive association between the androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and bone mineral density, which is modified by androgen levels in healthy men.
	100.	These data for the first time demonstrate that not only saposin C or PSAP regulates AR expression/activity, but also function as an androgen-regulated gene in prostate stromal cells.
	101.	These results demonstrate calpain involvement in proteasome inhibitor-induced AR breakdown, and suggest that AR degradation is intrinsic to the induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
	102.	down-regulation of SOD2 induces AR activity in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner
	103.	We found that the testosterone-related increase of white-matter volume was stronger in male adolescents with the lower versus higher number of CAG repeats in the AR gene, with testosterone explaining, respectively, 26 and 8% of variance in the volume.
	104.	Prolonged androgen receptor (AR) localization to the regulatory regions of AR targeted genes and the recruitment of p160 coactivators are a potential mechanism leading to androgen-independent activation of the AR in prostate cancer.
	105.	androgen-receptor functions in androgen-dependent prostate-cancer cells and identify strategies to specifically target the proliferation-promoting function of androgen-receptor without compromising cancer-cell differentiation.
	106.	Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	107.	New mutation of the androgen receptor gene, as a deletion in exon 1 not described previously, was identified in a case of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	108.	The androgen and progesterone receptors regulate distinct gene networks and cellular functions in decidualizing endometrium.
	109.	Molecular analysis of the AR and SRD5A2 genes in patients with 46,XY disorders of sex development.
	110.	A common motif targets huntingtin and the androgen receptor to the proteasome
	111.	Review focuses on the clinical features and molecular pathophysiology of androgen insensitivity syndrome and explores the relationship of the molecular defects in the AR gene to their clinical expression.
	112.	AR transcriptional activity increases castration-recurrent prostate cancer cell growth in response to EGF by site-specific serine phosphorylation that regulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling through interactions with the Ku-70/80 regulatory complex
	113.	The androgen receptor gene and EDA2R are significantly associated with androgenetic alopecia.
	114.	present findings suggest that CYP17A1, CYP19, and androgen receptor polymorphisms are unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in Brazilian women
	115.	leupaxin could serve as a potential progression marker for a subset of PCa and may represent a novel coactivator of the androgen receptor
	116.	androgen receptor CAG repeat length is not a major determinant of metabolic syndrome in women but it contributes to ovarian androgen production
	117.	the crosstalk between genotropic and non-genotropic AR signalling interferes with signalling of EGFR in response to ligand leading to a lower invasive phenotype of AR-positive PCa cells [review]
	118.	inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in androgen-responsive prostate cancer cell lines may reduce AR transcriptional activity and AR protein levels
	119.	The nuclear import of AR is regulated by the interplay between each domain of the AR.
	120.	These data demonstrate for the first time that PKD1 can influence AR function in prostate cancer cells.
	121.	Here we review recent data from mouse models in which gene targeting was used to humanize the mouse Ar gene and introduce CAG/glutamine tracts of varying lengths.
	122.	These data suggest that longer Androgen Receptor (CAG)n repeat alleles may confer an increased risk of breast cancer among particular subsets of individuals, although these findings need replication in other populations.
	123.	FOXP1 directly interacts with androgen receptor (AR) and negatively regulates AR signaling ligand-dependently.
	124.	p85alpha and p110beta are essential for androgen-stimulated AR transactivation, and their aberrant expression or activation might play an important role in prostate cancer progression
	125.	High levels of AR and AR-regulated gene expression indicate a central role for AR in growth regulation of castration-recurrent prostate cancer.
	126.	Increased androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity, like increased AR expression, can promote androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells.
	127.	findings suggest that mutant androgen receptors, activated by alternative ligands, drive growth via different mechanisms to androgen-activated wild-type receptor
	128.	A simple and effective mechanism by which prostate cancer cells can synthesize a constitutively active AR and thus circumvent androgen ablation.
	129.	These data demonstrate that ARA24/Ran increases AR transactivation by enhancing the androgen receptor N-C interaction in the nucleus.
	130.	Shorter lengths of repeats in the AR gene might act as low penetrance genetic background in varying manifestation of androgen insensitivity.
	131.	isosilybin B treatment enhances the formation of complex between Akt, Mdm2 and AR, which promotes phosphorylation-dependent AR ubiquitination and its degradation by proteasome
	132.	Expression of androgen receptor co-regulators in the testes of men with azoospermia.
	133.	an association for breast cancer risk between short (SS) alleles for the repeat variants of the ESR2 and AR genes was found in women of Greek descent.
	134.	Results show that AR directly interacts with CRIF1 via the activation of function-1 domain of AR.
	135.	The promoter-selective effects seen for the AR acetylation site mutants strongly suggest this post-translational modification to be important in the fine-tuning of the effects of androgens on different target genes.
	136.	ZIP kinase plays a crucial role in androgen receptor-mediated transcription.
	137.	men with short AR alleles had lower sperm motility compared to those with long AR alleles (P < 0.001)
	138.	The HER-2/neu signaling pathways may contribute to development of metastatic disease in prostate cancer.
	139.	UGT2B15 and B17 are primary androgen-regulated genes and androgen receptor is required for both their basal expression and their androgen-regulated expression.
	140.	Androgen actively evokes a nongenomic signaling pathway to activate PKA that is needed for the genomic functioning of nuclear AR.
	141.	TRIM68 regulates ligand-dependent transcription of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells.
	142.	A transcriptional repressor complex that binds a specific sequence (repressor element) in the androgen recptor gene 5'-untranslated region in prostate cancer contains Pur alpha.
	143.	Androgen receptor gene mutations located in the N-terminal transactivation domain, are a novel mutation c.118delA presumed to result in a complete loss of AR function and to be associated with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	144.	DNA-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of the androgen receptor, or an interacting component, helps target the androgen receptor for export from the nucleus
	145.	The findings indicate that a brain-specific expansion of androgen receptor triplet repeats is unlikely to underlie motor neuron loss in ALS or Progressive Muscular Atrophy.
	146.	An association between AR trinucleotide repeats and prostate cancer risk in a population-based sample of African Americans.
	147.	Cyclin D3 is a critical modulator of the androgen response, whose deregulation may foster unchecked AR activity in prostate cancer.
	148.	These data identify an inhibitory action of AR on EGFR signaling, and support research investigating AR/EGFR antagonism in the treatment of ovarian cancers.
	149.	Overexpression of CMTM3 represses androgen receptor (AR) transactivation, while knocking down it can increase AR transactivation.
	150.	No association between androgen receptor genetic variation, as measured by haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms and CAG repeat number, and risk of CVD was observed in women.
	151.	The androgen receptor gene CAG(n) polymorphism may have a significant role in the pathogenesis of premature adrenarche, especially in lean children.
	152.	The androgen receptor N-terminal domain has the main transactivation function and interacts with both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of general transcription factor RAP74/TFIIF and the C-terminal domain of coactivator SRC-1a.
	153.	Androgen receptor (AR) N-terminal transactivation domain exists in a natural disordered structure which has been called a pre-molten globule or molten globule state and is likely to have important implications for AR function on androgen-regulated genes.
	154.	We purpose that androgen receptor should be routinely measured for breast cancer.
	155.	novel role of androgen receptor mutations in prostate cancer development
	156.	oridonin, isoliquiritigenin and wogonin cause downregulation of AR and PSA, affecting cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle parameters
	157.	These results provide evidence using clinical specimens, that upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway is associated with phosphorylation of the AR during development of HRPC.
	158.	Calcitriol requires a functional AR to inhibit the expression of the UGT2B17 gene in LNCaP cells.
	159.	androgen stimulates Bcl-xL expression via the AR and that increased Bcl-xL expression plays a versatile role in castration-resistant progression of prostate cancer
	160.	findings show androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat length (RL) might modify the association between endogenous total and bioavailable testosterone and depressive symptoms in younger black men
	161.	Incubation of a Sertoli cell line with testosterone triggered corecruitment of AR and GATA4 to the Rhox5 proximal promoter. GATA and AR form a complex with the Rhox5 proximal promoter in vitro.
	162.	The time-dependent EGF-induced increase in AR transcriptional activity by MAGE-11 is mediated through AR activation functions 1 and 2 in association with the increased turnover of AR and MAGE-11.
	163.	Potentially different genetic mechanisms behind benign prostatic hyperplasia in Finnish and other Caucasian populations.
	164.	Novel missense mutation in the P-box of androgen receptor in a patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	165.	Androgen receptor gene polymorphism may affect the risk of urothelial carcinoma
	166.	Androgen receptor regulates CD168 expression and signaling in prostate cancer
	167.	ligand-mediated dynamic relationship of nuclear receptors with mitotic chromatin can be effectively exploited to study, analyze and authenticate therapeutic ligands
	168.	The presence of long SHBG(TAAAA)n alleles is associated with increased risk for polycystic ovary syndrome and in combination with short androgen receptor(CAG)n alleles may influence the hyperandrogenic phenotype of PCOS.
	169.	Size of the exon 1-CAG repeats of the AR gene employed as a molecular marker in the diagnosis of Turner syndrome is reported.
	170.	RanBP10 enhances AR transactivation as a homo-oligomer or a hetero-oligomer with RanBPM
	171.	Association of androgen receptor trinucleotide repeats with hormone refractory prostatic cancer patients in a north Indian population.
	172.	Observational study of gene-disease association and genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator)
	173.	Meta-analysis and HuGE review of genotype prevalence, gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, gene-environment interaction, and genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator)
	174.	Meta-analysis and HuGE review of genotype prevalence, gene-disease association, genetic testing, and healthcare-related. (HuGE Navigator)
	175.	Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	176.	Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
	177.	Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	178.	Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	179.	Observational study of genotype prevalence. (HuGE Navigator)
	180.	Clinical trial of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
	181.	Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
	182.	Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
	183.	Meta-analysis of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	184.	Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
	185.	Distribution of polymorphisms in SRD5A2 and androgen receptor differed between prostate cancer low-risk population from Greenland and relatively high-risk Swedish male population.
	186.	SUMO-specific protease 1 transcription is induced by the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
	187.	In etoposide-treated LNCaP cells, p53 bound the AR promoter, which contains a potential p53 DNA-binding consensus sequence. loss of p53 function in prostate cancer cells contributes to increased expression of AR.
	188.	The work presented here provides the first evidence of synergy between AR and the prolactin signaling protein Stat5a/b in human prostate cancer cells.
	189.	Taken together, our findings indicate that HNF-3alpha is a novel corepressor of AR, and predict its effects on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
	190.	These data suggest that cyclin D3/CDK11p58 signaling is involved in the negative regulation of AR function.
	191.	ARs with short Q tracts (12Q), which are transcriptionally more active, induce earlier disease in the transgene-induced TRAMP prostate cancer model than alleles with median (21Q) or long (48Q) tracts.
	192.	Results indicate that longer CAG(n)/GGN(n) combinations increase the risk of Breast Cancer and suggest that CAG and GGN AR polymorphisms should be considered in order to assess the BC risk.
	193.	CAG but not GGC alleles in the AR polymorphism may play an important role in modulating the disease pattern of RA among Taiwanese women.
	194.	Inappropriate activation of androgen receptor by relaxin via beta-catenin pathway.
	195.	This review aims to provide an overview of the AR coregulator proteins identified to date and to propose a classification of these AR coregulator proteins according to the function(s) ascribed to them.
	196.	fewer number of CAG repeats and total repeats (CAG + GGC) in the AR gene may be associated with increased risk for prostate cancer.
	197.	These data suggest that SGK-1 is an androgen-regulated gene that plays a pivotal role in AR-dependent survival and gene expression.
	198.	Show that there is no association between CAG repeat length variation and semen quality.
	199.	The interaction between AR and its corepressor SHP was studied using X-ray crystallography. Similarity of binding sites for coactivator peptides and SHP, suggests that transcriptional AR activity may be inhibited by SHP by competing with AR coactivators.
	200.	In a Chinese family affected with androgen insensitivity syndrome, the familial distinct feature is that all patients shared an identical Arg840Cys substitution in the AR but displayed high phenotypic variation in disorders of male sexual development
	201.	Polygonal and cuboidal cells in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma exhibited a uniform pattern of monoclonality, indicating that both cell types are highly likely to originate from a common precursor
	202.	Androgen receptor protein is present in a wide variety of human first trimester fetal tissues (thymus, bronchi, spinal cord, and heart) and shows the potential for androgen affecting tissues.
	203.	GnRH II is widely expressed in prostate cancer and is an AR-regulated gene.
	204.	ErbB-2, via PYK2-MAP kinase, upregulates the adhesive ability of androgen receptor human prostate cancer cells.
	205.	provide only minor support for the role of the AR and estrogen receptor 1 gene in the etiology of breast cancer
	206.	data do not support major role for AR polymorphism as breast cancer risk factors
	207.	ligand-dependent AR conformation is essential for the recruitment and nuclear translocation of PMRT2 which acts as AR-coactivator, presumably by arginine methylation.
	208.	L859F mutation resulted in highly significant loss of the ligand binding to the receptor.
	209.	Short [CAG]n repeat length(</=20) polymorphism is associated with poor prognosis in a subset of male patients with head and neck cancer and that AR gene microsatellite instability is uncommon in these tumors.
	210.	The PCR HUMARA technique adequately assesses reduction of Ph-positive clone in CML patients with CCR and points to polyclonal hemopoiesis.
	211.	Using transient transfection assays in prostate cancer LNCaP and HeLa cells engineered to express the AR, study shows that synthetic androgen R1881 and dihydrotestosterone stimulate expression of a versican promoter-driven luciferase reporter vector.
	212.	Binding sequences for the avian erythroblastosis virus E26 homologue (ETS) transcription factor family were also highly enriched, and we uncovered an interaction between the AR and ETS1 at a subset of AR promoter targets.
	213.	the number of CAG repeats in the AR gene was negatively correlated with prostate weight
	214.	Human sperm express a functional AR that have the ability to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway, on the basis of androgen concentration
	215.	These results suggest a novel indirect mechanism of androgen action on FHL2 expression and provide evidence that SRF is an important determinant of AR action in prostate cancer cells.
	216.	These data identify novel nongenomic mechanisms involving androgen, AR, and Hsp27 activation that cooperatively interact to regulate the genomic activity of AR.
	217.	Expression of saposin C-originated saposin C may upregulate AR gene expression and activate the AR transcriptional function in an androgen-independent manner in prostate cancer cells.
	218.	The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical detection of the androgen receptor status, assessment of neuroendocrine differentiation and the assessment of microvessel density in patients with prostate cancer.
	219.	STAT 3 and androgen receptor signaling are inactivated in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells after administration of Saw Palmetto
	220.	results suggest that both Runx2 and androgen receptors repress the transactivation function of the other protein by extracting it from its original compartment
	221.	Structural and dynamic abnormalities are associated with amino acid-substituted (proline892alanine and proline892leucine) mutant androgen receptor ligand-binding domains.
	222.	AR defects were found in 66.7% of patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and 13.6% of patients with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	223.	The expression levels of ER subtypes and AR may be important for the regulation of follicular mesenchymal cells in human scalp.
	224.	nonsense mutations that lead to carboxyl-terminal end truncated ARs are found at high frequency in metastatic PCas
	225.	Between-subject variability in serum free testosterone in healthy men is underlain in part by differences in androgen sensitivity and feedback set point, with a contributory role of AR polymorphism.
	226.	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-independent non-genomic signals transit from the androgen receptor to Akt1 in membrane raft microdomains
	227.	Synthetic progestins, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), which are currently used in hormone replacement therapy may disrupt androgen receptor signaling and contribute to breast cancer developmoent. [REVIEW]
	228.	Wwox suppresses Ap2gamma/ErbB2-induced prostate cancer cell growth, an effect that requires functional androgen receptor.
	229.	in vivo antitumor activity is promoted by combined decrease of NFkappaB and incresased thrombospondin 1
	230.	Finding of anovel cytoplasmic actions for a splicing AR variant, suggesting a contribution in prostate cancer progression.
	231.	Prostate cancer stem cells give rise to transiently amplifying epithelial cells populations with abnormal androgen receptor pathways.
	232.	3,3'-diindolylmethane -induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction are partly mediated through the regulation of Akt/FOXO3a/GSK-3beta/beta-catenin/AR signaling
	233.	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enhances transcriptional activity of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
	234.	IGF-1 rescue of AR toxicity is diminished by alanine substitutions at the Akt consensus site
	235.	Evidence of functional differences between two most common alleles of the AR GGN repeat, supporting its potential role in the development of human traits.
	236.	The mean percentage of cancer cells expressing AR among the 10 cancer samples was 74%.
	237.	These results imply that c-Jun plays a pivotal role in the pathway that connects ligand-activated AR to elevated ETV1 expression, leading to enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases and prostate cancer cell invasion.
	238.	The binding of HuR, CP1, and CP2 to AR mRNA suggests a role for each of these proteins in the post-transcriptional regulation of AR expression in cancer cells.
	239.	SWI/SNF function potently regulates core AR target gene promoter activation, with a preference for hBRM-containing complexes.
	240.	Characterization of androgen receptor and nuclear receptor co-regulator expression in human breast cancer cell lines exhibiting differential regulation of kallikreins 2 and 3.
	241.	Deletion of the polyglutamine repeat positively affected the interactions of the ligand-binding domain with the amino-terminal domain as well as the recruitment of the p160 coactivator SRC-1e to the amino-terminal domain of the AR.
	242.	review elucidates the molecular functions of the androgen receptor and its role in prostate cancer and examines how the mechanism of androgen action has played a role in the translation of new therapies
	243.	The FXXLF motif mediates androgen receptor-specific interactions with coregulators
	244.	An androgen receptor gene mutation (E653K) in a family with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency as well as in partial androgen insensitivity.
	245.	4-androstenedione administration in high doses to hypogonadal men increases testosterone levels, fat free mass, and muscle strength and binds to AR.
	246.	The interaction of the androgen receptor N-terminal activation domain AF1 with the transcription factor TFIIF complex imposes a functional conformation in the AF1 domain, which facilitates the formation of an assembly of proteins with AF1.
	247.	Results show no association between the AR repeat length and violent convicts, although there were more violent-criminal cases than controls with the shorter (<17) AR gene trinucleotide repeat polymorphisms.
	248.	In chimpanzees, frequent haplotypes consisting of short CAG repeats and long GGN repeats or vice versa was observed as in humans
	249.	there is a strong interaction of FXXFF and FXXMF motifs with the AR coactivator binding groove, which mediate specific binding of a subgroup of cofactors to the AR ligand-binding domain
	250.	findings support involvement of both androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor-beta in mediating dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-, dehydrotestosterone-, and estradiol-induced prostate specific antigen (PSA) expression in prostate cancer cells
	251.	significance for endocrine therapy in prostatic cancer (REVIEW)
	252.	differential expression of AR, ERalpha and ERbeta in dermal papilla of hair follicles
	253.	Androgen receptor is targeted to distinct subcellular compartments with treatment by different antiandrogens
	254.	sFRP4 is an inhibitor of prostate cancer growth and invasion in vitro independent of androgen receptor (AR) signaling.
	255.	The CAG repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene are longer in endometrial cancer patients.
	256.	The transactivational activity of AR was shown to be affected by the size of the trinucleotide-repeat-regions (CAG and GGC) within the gene.
	257.	evidence for an androgen receptor (AR) regulatory pathway controlled by SIRT1; SIRT1 antagonists induce endogenous AR expression and enhance dihydrotestosterone-mediated AR expression
	258.	Mutations in androgen receptor is associated with Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome.
	259.	data suggest an important role of AR45 in modulating AR function and add a novel level of complexity to the mode of action of androgens
	260.	Likelihood of left handedness increased in those individuals with variants of the androgen receptor associated with lower testosterone levels.
	261.	Re-expression of androgen receptor in PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line resulted in upregulation of IFI16 protein, a negative regulator of cell growth.
	262.	described transgelin as the first ARA54-associated negative modulator for AR. Transgelin suppressed ARA54-enhanced AR function in ARA54-positive cells and inhibited prostate cancer cell growth.
	263.	Characterization of AR functions in prostate growth and differentiation.
	264.	poor reproductive performance observed in women with PCOS may be due to the concomitant increase and elevations in endometrial AR
	265.	different populations may show different numbers of CAG repeats
	266.	Candidate gene for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
	267.	the expression of the Kennedy's disease mutation combined with a second allele with a large but normal CAG repeat sequence may have contributed to the motor neuron degeneration displayed in the heterozygote female.
	268.	Promoter methylation of AR occurs in a differentiation stage-selective manner in follicular non-hodgkin's lymphoma.
	269.	identification of an inhibitory domain located in an 81-amino acid segment lying upstream of the DNA-binding domain (DBD) that interacted directly with DBD and repressed DBD binding to the androgen response element
	270.	Although further studies are needed to elucidate the possible role of specific CAG/GGC combinations as a causative factor, these data suggest a possible association between androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and cryptorchidism.
	271.	These results suggest a model for the functional coordination between the promoter and enhancer in which communication between these elements is established through shared coactivators in the AR transcription complex.
	272.	Our crystallographic data combined with those obtained by modeling will be helpful in the design of novel molecules with stronger affinity for the AR.
	273.	R831X mutation in exon 7 of the androgen receptor gene associated with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome.
	274.	Among postmenopausal Caucasian women, common variants of the AR gene are not associated with risk of breast cancer.
	275.	The crystal structure of the complex of LGD2226 with the androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (AR LBD) at 2.1 A was solved and compared with the structure of the AR LBD-R1881 complex.
	276.	S-phase fraction was significantly higher in prostate tumors with high AR density
	277.	major sites of AR phosphorylation
	278.	AR transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by CHIP, which promotes AR degradation
	279.	Testosterone-bovine serum albumin was also effective in inducing apoptosis of DU145 human prostate cancer cells, negative for intracellulaar AR, but expressing cell membrane AR sites.
	280.	NCoR is a physiological regulator of the AR; the N-terminal surface of the AR-mediating NCoR recruitment was distinct from tau5 and from the FXXLF motif that mediates agonist-induced N-C-terminal interaction
	281.	androgen can regulate the nuclear export signal and, subsequently, the NLS of the AR, providing a mechanism by which androgen regulates AR nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling.
	282.	Androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat not associated with migraine susceptibility.
	283.	The common alterations include gain of chromosomes 1, 7 and 8q and loss of 13q are frequently found in prostate cancer and areobserved in hormone-refractory prostate cancer: downregulation, overexpression and mutation.
	284.	FXXLF motifs, but not the corresponding LXXLL motifs, displayed a strong preference for AR LBD.
	285.	Data indicate that growth factors are unable to initiate the nuclear translocation of androgen receptors in the absence of androgens or to induce ligand-independent transcriptional activity.
	286.	changes in IGF-IR expression exhibited by this model of metastatic progression cause significant alterations in AR signaling in prostate cancer
	287.	androgen receptor has a capacity to activate transcription in a ligand-independent manner
	288.	expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta do not vary significantly with cancer grade, but expression of the androgen receptor is increased in estrogen receptor negative tissue as well as in grade 2 and grade 3 tumours
	289.	The distal enhancer complex and basal transcription apparatus of Fkbp5 gene communicate indirectly with one another, implicating a regulatory mechanism that has not been previously appreciated for androgen receptor target genes.
	290.	interaction with Cdc25B may contribute to prostate cancer development
	291.	Conformational analysis of the androgen receptor amino-terminal domain involved in transactivation. Influence of structure-stabilizing solutes and protein-protein interactions
	292.	Full binding of androgen to the polyglutamine-expanded N-terminal domain of the mutant AR leads to structural alteration with nuclear translocation that eventually results in the onset of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.
	293.	The aggregation and localization of the truncated form, with or without an expanded polyglutamine tract, is differentially controlled by Glucocorticoid receptor mutants.
	294.	AR trinucleotide polymorphism is associated with leiomyoma susceptibility
	295.	Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with cognitive function in older men.
	296.	We demonstrate that genetic variability in the androgen receptor gene (AR) is the cardinal prerequisite for the development of early-onset AGA, with an etiological fraction of 0.46.
	297.	A short GGN-repeat in the Androgen Receptor gene is associated with a higher risk of cancer related death.
	298.	Strong expression of AR was found in peritubular cells (PCs).
	299.	Genetic variation in genes involved in steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and signal transduction is reported in Greek patients with cholelithiasis.
	300.	CAG repeat length in androgen receptor gene modulated the relation between testosterone and body composition in elderly men
	301.	Review. Molecular genetics & structural analysis allow a better understanding of the structure/function relationship of the androgen & its role in androgen insensitivity syndrome, hormone-resistant prostate cancer, Kennedy's disease & male infertility.
	302.	Results suggest that the conserved AR acetylation site contributes to a pathway governing prostate cancer cellular survival, as AR acetylation mutants are defective in MEKK1-induced apoptosis.
	303.	Conserved hydrophobic residues are important for receptor-dependent gene transcription and that M244, L246 and V248 are part of the binding interface for TFIIF.
	304.	SMRT and N-CoR corepressors are involved in transcriptional regulation by both agonist- and antagonist-bound AR and regulate the magnitude of hormone response, at least in part, by competing with coactivators.
	305.	structure/function analysis of the ARE709K substitution that is associated with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
	306.	analysis of binding affinities for androgen receptor coactivator interactions with AR
	307.	FoxH1 has a role in androgen receptor-mediated transactivation
	308.	LSD1 interacts with androgen receptor in vitro and in vivo, and stimulates androgen-receptor-dependent transcription
	309.	SENP1's ability to enhance AR-dependent transcription is not mediated through desumoylation of AR, but rather through its ability to deconjugate histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby reducing its deacetylase activity.
	310.	Androstanediol is a stronge activator of mutant AR in prostate cancer cells and induces more cell proliferation
	311.	Mapping the region of cyclin D1 required for binding and repression of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer.
	312.	Androgen Receptor requires proteasome activity in prostate tumor cells
	313.	In situ shortening of CAG repeat lengths in prostate cancer(PCA), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and postatrophic hyperplasia(PAH). Frequency of CAG shortening was significantly higher in PAH than in PCA.
	314.	The novel c.C2812T transition that might impair dimerization of the receptor is responsible for the clinical symptoms of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in the affected individuals.
	315.	Human PIRH2 as a key modulator of AR function, opening a new direction for targeted therapy in aggressive human prostate cancer.
	316.	caspase-8 regulates androgen-receptor-driven gene expression
	317.	The number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene within normal range is not a clinically relevant genetic risk factor for non-obstructive azoospermia & oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
	318.	intracellular control of AR expression levels through the natural AR promoter might be needed for determining AR function in androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) PC-3 cells.
	319.	The impact of androgens in various disorders and polymorphic variations in the AR gene is the main focus of this review.[review]
	320.	Presence of two AREs within the IGF-I upstream promoter that act in cis to activate IGF-I expression.
	321.	having a short CAG repeat length in AR increases ovarian cancer risk in African Americans
	322.	Data suggest the ligand-binding domain has a role in maintaining the stability of androgen receptor-DNA complexes.
	323.	Pim1 and Etk are required for IL6-induced activation of androgen receptor-mediated transcription in prostate cancer.
	324.	CAG/CAA repeat lengths in androgen receptor gene may provide useful marker for clinically significant prostate cancer
	325.	function inhibited by the reproductive orphan nuclear receptor DAX-1
	326.	Expression of AR protein in PC3-Lenti-AR cells resulted in transactivation of p21 and growth inhibition in culture and in mouse xenografts. Such inhibition was due to induced G1 arrest as documented by expression changes in p27 and p45(SKP2) proteins.
	327.	AR and PIAS3 regulate the STAT3-mediated transcriptional activity by their physical protein-protein competition on STAT3
	328.	androgen receptor downregulates E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and promotes apoptosis of prostatic cancer cells
	329.	interactions between AR, Smad3, and Smad4 may result in the differential regulation of the AR transactivation, which further strengthens their roles in the prostate cancer progression
	330.	a new mechanism for androgen-mediated prostate cancer cell survival that appears to be independent of the activity of the receptor on androgen response element-mediated transcription
	331.	Chip overexpression reduced the rate of AR degradation, consistent with an effect on AR folding,Chip affected AR folding was further supported by the finding that the effects of exogenous Chip were reproduced by a mutant lacking the U box
	332.	androgens can regulate PTHrP production, and the androgen effect on PTHrP is mediated at least in part by transcriptional regulation via the androgen receptor
	333.	androgen receptor-mediated transactivation and cell growth is suppressed by the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in prostate cells
	334.	CDK6 may play an important role in the development and/or progression of a subset of human prostate cancers by stimulating the activity of the AR.
	335.	Stabilization of androgen receptor protein is induced by agonist, not by antagonists.
	336.	activation of AR and the down-regulation of IFN signaling can synergize to promote cell survival and suppress apoptosis
	337.	data suggests that short CAG or GGN repeats of the AR gene are associated with a more benign condition of traditional prognostic variables in endometrial cancer.
	338.	cyclin G associated kinase enhanced the AR transcriptional response even at low concentrations of androgens
	339.	increasing number of functional CAG repeats may be associated with endometrial carcinogenesis because of AR's reduced ability to recruit coregulators and other transcriptional components
	340.	androgen receptor is involved in VEGF and hypoxia sensing via hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1a, HIF-2a, and the prolyl hydroxylases in human prostate cancer
	341.	the role of AR in inhibiting E(2) action at genomic level in MCF-7 cells
	342.	review: role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism as modifier of carcinogenesis
	343.	Data suggest that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) actions on normal prostate cells may be mediated independently through androgen receptors and vitamin D receptors.
	344.	AR and estrogen receptor beta are important in relatively early coronary atherosclerosis.
	345.	AR mutations identified in prostate cancer (AR P340L) and androgen insensitivity syndrome (AR E2K) show reduced transcriptional responses to ART-27, whereas their response to the p160 class of coactivators was not diminished.
	346.	role in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy [review]
	347.	certain types of age-related changes in ageing men were associated with the length of the AR gene CAG repeat, suggesting that this parameter may play a role in setting different thresholds for the array of androgen actions in the male.
	348.	Long CAG repeats in the AR gene are not associated with infertility in Finnish males.
	349.	glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta phosphorylates the androgen receptor, thereby inhibiting androgen receptor-driven transcription
	350.	In contrast to other studies, we did not find a statistically significant relationship between the size of the androgen receptor CAG repeat and impaired sperm production in Tunisian population.
	351.	These results demonstrate that activation of the human AR NTD by IL-6 was mediated through MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways in LNCaP prostate cancer cells
	352.	androgen receptor has a site in the ligand binding domain that is involved in estrogen induction of androgen receptor trans-activation
	353.	These findings support the theory that short trinucleotide repeat genotypes of the AR gene protect against breast cancer.
	354.	present study shows that the AR isoform pattern from AR de novo synthesis is directly linked to differential phosphorylation of a distinct set of sites; after mutagenesis of these sites, no major change in functional activity of the AR was observed
	355.	AR is expressed in several cell types in human skeletal muscle, including satellite cells, fibroblasts, CD34+ precursor cells, vascular endothelial, smooth muscle cells, and mast cells
	356.	androgen receptor, Hsp70, and Bag-1L are all targeted to the androgen response elements of the gene that encodes prostate-specific antigen
	357.	association between GGN length and the risk of cryptorchidism and penile hypospadias
	358.	diabetes or glucose impairment was more common than previously reported and, like gynecomastia, did not correlate with size of triplet repeats
	359.	AR is a functional component of the mechanism through which progesterone antagonists induce endometrial antiproliferative effects in the presence of estrogens
	360.	SNP on codon 211 in the AR gene may not have an important role in the carcinogenesis of human renal cell cancers
	361.	The data indicate that USP10 is a new cofactor that binds to the androgen receptor (AR) and stimulates the androgen response of target promoters. This finding underlines the role of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in modulating the AR function.
	362.	These results identify HDAC7 as a novel Androgen receptor corepressor whose subcellular and subnuclear compartmentalization can be regulated in an androgen-selective manner.
	363.	Neuroendocrine (NE) cells of prostate cancer constitute a unique subset of cancer cells, which have a unique immunohistochemical profile. They do not express AR, consistent with their resistance to hormonal therapy.
	364.	c-Rel, like AR, is a part of the nucleoprotein complex regulating the androgen-responsive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter
	365.	association of CAG/GGN trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene with cryptorchidism and hypospadias in an Iranian population
	366.	Expression of AR gene alleles from each of the two X chromosomes was present in the chordoma tumor, indicating a polyclonal proliferation.
	367.	These findings collectively suggest that hinokitiol is potentially effective against prostate cancer in vitro, and thus it might become a novel chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer.
	368.	Somatic mutations at the trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor gene is associated with male hepatocellular carcinoma
	369.	Data show that Gi and RGS proteins provide biochemical control of androgen receptor exclusion from the cell nucleus.
	370.	GGC and CAG trinucleotide repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer risk
	371.	The CAG repeat polymorphism in the first exon of the androgen receptor (AR) gene is associated with reduced bone mass and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures in women.
	372.	Data report the identification of Rad9, a key member of the checkpoint Rad protein family, as a coregulator to suppress androgen-androgen receptor transactivation in prostate cancer cells.
	373.	AR transcriptional hyperactivity associated with shortened poly(Q) length stems from altered ligand-induced conformational changes that enhance coactivator recruitment
	374.	concluded that AR-CAG repeat length does not constitute an important factor for the genetic predisposition to endometriosis
	375.	AR is controlled by a suppressor complex lost in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line.
	376.	polymorphic CAG repeats in the gene and prostate cancer risk
	377.	An association exists between CAG repeat lengths and impaired spermatogenesis in azoospermic males
	378.	The ability of a short GGC repeat to enhance androgen action provides a biologically plausible mechanism to account for reports that a short GGC repeat in the AR gene is a risk factor for prostate cancer.
	379.	side chains unique to the AR-ligand binding domain rearrange to bind either the bulky FXXLF motifs or the more compact LXXLL motifs
	380.	the AR functions as a ligand-regulated transcription factor.
	381.	the androgen receptor-CAG alleles may contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma predisposition among women through a mechanism different from that for men
	382.	Despite S597R mutation and severe undermasculinization, as seen in the baby, normal male phenotype for age could be achieved with treatment.
	383.	Interactions between AR and beta-catenin contribute to prostate cell growth in vivo.
	384.	Bisphenol A can serve as a potential "hormone sensitizer" of the mutant ARs present in advanced prostate adenocarcinomas, thereby possibly contributing toward therapeutic relapse.
	385.	Mutations in testis and sex differentiation diorders,(review)
	386.	stress kinases signaling and nuclear export regulate AR transcriptional activity.
	387.	Vav3 enhanced AR transcription activity in prostate cancer at subnanomolar concentrations of androgen.
	388.	our results suggest RGS2 as a novel regulator of AR signaling and its repression may be an important step during prostate tumorigenesis and progression.
	389.	analysis of androgen receptor gene mutations associated with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
	390.	regions just before helix 3, between helices 5 and 6, and at helix 10 are also important for AR N-/C-terminal interaction
	391.	AR and ACTR may play important roles in androgen ablation resistance by controlling key cell cycle gene expression
	392.	Increased AR ligand sensitivity as well as locus-specific chromatin alterations contribute to basal gene expression of a subpopulation of specific AR target genes in androgen-independent PCa cells.
	393.	Identification and characterization of mutations found in prostate cancer and Kennedy's disease patients
	394.	AR-AF1 domain exhibits induced folding when contacted by transcription regulators (such as TFIIF) into a more compact and 'active' conformation.
	395.	study found 20 mutations (7 novel) in 26 of 1517 male infertility patients; a high number of mutations localized in exon 1 of the AR gene coding for the transactivation domain of the protein
	396.	Potential involvement of AR-bound calmodulin in calcium-controlled, calpain-mediated breakdown of AR in prostate cancer cells.
	397.	The AR(K580R) mutation promoted the malignant transformation of prostate epithelial cells in association with upregulation of placental alkaline phosphatase and activation of the Akt signaling pathway.
	398.	Dominant expression of androgen receptors in penile tissues of children with hypospadias may be the postnatal finding of disrupted estrogen receptor interaction during intrauterine development of external genitalia.
	399.	data demonstrated that chronic inflammation appeared to play roles in induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta expression in prostate epithelium which was associated with increased Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and androgen receptor downregulation
	400.	CAG polymorphic repeat lengths in androgen receptor gene among Japanese prostate cancer patients: potential predictor of prognosis after endocrine therapy.
	401.	There is a coregulatory role for the TRAP-mediator complex in receptor-mediated gene expression.
	402.	We conclude that more numerous CAG repeats do not directly cause oligozoospermia and propose that men with longer CAG repeats might be more prone to develop infertility in response to any pathogen/epigenetic factors.
	403.	EGR1 binds to the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate carcinoma cells, and an EGR1-AR complex can be detected
	404.	Androgen receptor mutation with antiandrogen withdrawal response or survival rate is not specific.
	405.	androgen receptor transactivation requires activating signal cointegrator-2 and the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma
	406.	The < 21 CAG and GGN = 23 combination of repeats may confer a lower risk of infertility to the carriers. Androgen sensitivity may be higher among carriers of the GGN = 23 allele compared to the GGN = 24 allele.
	407.	There is no evidence of increased risk of prostate cancer among balck men with fewer CAG repeats.
	408.	androgen receptor silencing has a role in apoptotic cell death by disrupting the Bcl-xL-mediated survival signal in human prostate cancer cell lines
	409.	Androgen receptor may play important role in onset of DNA synthesis in prostate cancer cells by regulating expression and stability of Cdc6, critically required for assembly of pre-replication complex.
	410.	a triple complex between AR, p85alpha, and Src is required for androgen-stimulated PI3K/Akt activation
	411.	there is a direct interaction between the AR DNA binding domain (DBD) and Tcf4.
	412.	An R840S mutation on exon 7 of the AR ligand-binding domain was characterized in an X-linked androgen insensitivity syndrome patient.
	413.	Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 reduced the growth of AR-expressing prostate cancer cell lines.
	414.	Ku is a transcriptional recycling coactivator of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells
	415.	study suggests that AR is phosphorylated at Ser-213 in specific developmental and cellular contexts
	416.	presence of both the amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains in the AR is essential for the completion of a transcriptionally active form with coactivators and intranuclear compartmentalization common to the steroid hormone receptors
	417.	AR acetylation promoted cell survival and growth of prostate cancer cells
	418.	the effects of AR NH2- and COOH-terminal interactions may not always correlate with similar effects on AR-mediated transactivation and/or AR-mediated cell growth
	419.	Mutant androgen receptor accumulation in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy scrotal skin.
	420.	DNA interaction in the context of the general mechanisms that dictate the sequence-specificity of DNA-binding and dimerization of the nuclear receptors
	421.	ARA70 is a coactivator for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and may represent a functional link between ERalpha/androgen receptor (AR) modulating their cross-talk in models of estrogen signaling in MCF-7 and HeLa cells
	422.	Our results suggest that short CAG repeats are associated with an increased prostate cancer risk in Hispanic men.
	423.	AR repeat length may be partly responsible for the increased risk for early-onset breast cancer in women who use OCs.
	424.	A significant genotype-phenotype association exists in Klinefelter patients: androgen effects on appearance and social characteristics are modulated by the androgen receptor CAGn polymorphism.
	425.	Androgen receptor mutation confers agonist activity to bicalutamide and is likely involved in bicalutamide resistance to prostate cancer.
	426.	Our study thus suggests a functional cooperation between AR and Stat5.
	427.	earlier presentation may relate to increased androgen sensitivity, indicated by androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length.
	428.	Fifteen different mutations were identified, including five (S119X, T602P, L768V, I898F, and P904V) that have not been described previously
	429.	the androgen receptor mediates non-genomic activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase in androgen-sensitive epithelial cells
	430.	androgen receptor CAG repeats in both black and white patients do not appear to be a strong indicator of prostatic cancer risk
	431.	LATS2 may play a role in AR-mediated transcription and contribute to the development of prostate cancer
	432.	prostate cancer cell lines exhibit functional interactions between AR and vitamin D receptor signaling
	433.	Normal genetic variation in the AR coding sequence may be clinically significant in the setting of early testicular failure and subnormal circulating testosterone levels, as occur in Klinefelter syndrome.
	434.	Short AR allelotype (< or = 20 CAG repeats) was associated with a higher incidence of thrombocytosis.
	435.	These studies indicate that the altered AR regulatory capacity of cyclin D1b contributes to its association with increased prostate cancer risk and provide evidence of cyclin D1b-mediated transcriptional regulation.
	436.	It is suggested that the CAG repeat length in Androgen Receptor exon 1 may affect the age of diagnosis of ovarian cancer but does so independent of germ line BRCA1 carrier status.
	437.	Results suggest that, in addition to its proapoptotic function, par-4 acts as a novel transcription cofactor for androgen receptors to target c-FLIP gene expression.
	438.	CHIP recognizes AR in a highly specific, phosphorylation- and sequence-dependent manner
	439.	In LNCaP cells CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha over expression inhibits expression of prostate specific antigen by Androgen receptor-dependent mechanism
	440.	expression of AR down-regulates the migratory responses of human prostate cancer cells via CXCR4 and CCR1
	441.	investigated which roles the AR polymorphisms as well as the R554K and P185A in the AHR and AHRR genes, respectively, may play in modifying the effect of exposure to organohalogen pollutants in regard to sperm Y : X ratio
	442.	These data show that androgen receptor expression in the prostate is suppressed by soy protein isolate consumption, which may be beneficial in preventing prostate cancer.
	443.	AR possesses an intrinsic transcriptional repression activity, and AR interacts directly with SMRT
	444.	Structural basis for the glucocorticoid response in a mutant human androgen receptor
	445.	Results suggest that p54(nrb) functions as a coactivator of androgen receptors that potentiates transcription and possibly splicing.
	446.	The loss of the androgen receptor expression together with the observed loss of other steroid hormone receptors in BRCA1-mutated tumors may lead to a hormone-independent growth or to anti-hormone resistant growth of these tumors.
	447.	Results describe a novel mutation in exon 7 of the androgen receptor gene in a patient with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	448.	activation function-1 domain of androgen receptor contributes to the interaction between subnuclear splicing factor compartment and nuclear receptor compartment
	449.	Two de novo mutations in the AR gene cause the complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in a pair of monozygotic twins.
	450.	Substantial qualitative and quantitative differences in prostate specific antigen expression and AR occupancy of the prostate specific antigen enhancer were observed when dihydrotestosterone and ligand-independent activations of the AR were compared
	451.	exon 5 of the androgen receptor has a role in androgen binding, as shown by analysis of insertion/deletion mutation in the androgen receptor
	452.	Androgen receptor is recruited to the promoter of the c-FLIP gene in the presence of androgens.
	453.	Statistical analysis revealed no actual link between the length of the CAG tract and a reduction of spermatogenesis in a cohort of infertile patients of Irish ethnic origin
	454.	no statistically significant relationship between the length of the CAG repeat of the AR gene and idiopathic impaired sperm production was observed in the Turkish population, contrary to the findings from Caucasian and North American population studies
	455.	Naturally occurring mutations alter the androgen receptor activation function 2 (AF2)and ligand binding interface.
	456.	Our results suggest the involvement of androgen receptor positive chondrocytes in thyroid cartilage mineralization, probably by a testosterone-linked stimulation of alkaline phosphatase.
	457.	androgen receptor CAG repeat length may have a role in the tumorigenic process of the prostate
	458.	AR induction of MRP4 mediates resistance of PC cells to nucleotide-based chemotherapeutic drugs.
	459.	specific GGN/CAG haplotypes (CAG 21) of AR gene increase the risk of prostate cancer
	460.	the AR polyglycine repeat polymorphism does not confer susceptibility to androgenetic alopecia.(451-7) Status: Complete Incomplete Delete
	461.	Plays role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor endocytotic trafficking and active signalling in prostate cancer cells.
	462.	Androgen receptor antagonists are useful for inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth.
	463.	These results indicated that in prostate cancers, HIF-1 might cooperate with the AR to activate the expression of several genes related to tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and progression.
	464.	There may be a hormonal and hypoxia-independent regulatory mechanism coordinating the expression of HIF-1alpha, HIV-2alpha, VEGF, the androgen receptor, and FOXP1 in prostate tumors.
	465.	AR gene might be involved in the depressive upset in adolescents, and the age- and sex-related prevalent differences might also be associated to CAG rep
	466.	The number of CAG repeats was significantly greater in younger prostate cancer patients compared to controls. Comparing younger to older patients, the difference was not significant, but there was a trend towards less CAG repeats in older patients.
	467.	role in blood pressure
	468.	A polyglutamine-expanded form of androgen receptor regulates its cleavage by caspase-3 and enhances cell death.
	469.	review of NH(2)-terminal and carboxyl-terminal interaction in the androgen receptor
	470.	data suggest that AR interacting peptides and/or AR coregulators may utilize the (F/W)XXL(F/W) and FXXLY motifs to mediate their interaction with AR and exert their influences on AR transactivation
	471.	Novel nonsense mutations that introduce premature termination codons in the AR gene in Australian patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
	472.	results suggest that hAR AF-1 recruits co-activators previously known only to interact with the AF-2 domain
	473.	cyclin D1 binding to the androgen receptor NH2-terminal domain inhibits activation function 2 association
	474.	These data failed to confirm that common genetic variation in the AR gene locus influences risk of prostate cancer
	475.	AR mutants found in prostate cancer had different functional alterations, which might play an important role in the progression of prostate cancer
	476.	Findings suggest that it is unlikely that the AR CAG repeat polymorphism plays a major role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
	477.	Missense substitution at M807 is associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome
	478.	Domain interactions between coregulator ARA(70) and the androgen receptor (AR); structure activity relationship
	479.	H3-K4 methylation at the human prostate specific antigen (PSA) locus following gene activation and repression via androgen receptor
	480.	Sertoli cells from certain infertile patients showed greatly decreased androgen receptor.
	481.	Data suggest that acetylation and phosphorylation of the androgen receptor (AR) are linked events and that the conserved AR lysine motif contributes to a select subset of pathways governing AR activity.
	482.	Although not a major determinant of polycystic ovary syndrome, androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length may be a significant modulator of androgen-related diseases in some individuals.
	483.	Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is caused by a novel mutation in the ligand-binding domain
	484.	study suggests that the androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism may be a candidate genetic marker for risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
	485.	SMRT and DAX-1 repress agonist-dependent activity of androgen receptors
	486.	The presence of short androgen receptor alleles and the G allele of the prostate specific antigen gene may contribute to the development of prostate cancer in a 47,XXY patient.
	487.	stained sections throughout male genital development documented the expression of AR and 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in the phallus.
	488.	Data show that stimulation of the RhoA effector protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) signalling cascade results in a ligand-dependent superactivation of androgen receptors both in vivo and in vitro.
	489.	FLNa interfered with androgen receptor (AR) interdomain interactions and competed with the coactivator transcriptional intermediary factor 2 to specifically down-regulate AR function.
	490.	Positive independent correlation of the CAG repeat number with body fat content, leptin and insulin.
	491.	Orphan receptor TR2 may function as a negative modulator to suppress AR function in prostate cancer. Further studies on how to control TR2 function may result in ability to modulate AR function in prostate cancer.
	492.	The loss of AR expression is associated with invasive bladder cancer.
	493.	Results do not support a common role for the androgen receptor gene exon 1 CAG repeat in type 1 diabetes mellitus susceptibility; however, an effect of a disease variant in linkage disequilibrium could be detected.
	494.	AR containing 51 glutamine repeats showed a consistent, though minimal, reduction in its ability to inhibit beta-catenin-mediated transcription, in comparison to a non-pathogenic form with 20 repeats.
	495.	Women homozygous for the Androgen Receptor CAG repeat were over-represented in ovarian cancer patients reinforcing recent suggestions that AR may have a role in ovarian carcinogenesis.
	496.	4-estren-3alpha17beta-diol binds recombinant AR with 10-fold higher affinity than either estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha or ERbeta.
	497.	can promote nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells
	498.	The repeat polymorphisms in the AR gene are associated with bone mass in women with high levels of sex-hormone binding globulin.
	499.	AR-AR coregulator relationship is different between prostate cancer and normal tissue, leading to the hypothesis that the AR transcriptional complex is regulated differently between prostate cancer and normal tissue.
	500.	IL-4 enhances PSA expression through activation of the AR and Akt signaling pathways in LNCaP prostate cancer cells
	501.	The AR gene (CAG)n exhibits polymorphism among normal male population and the present work could serve as a basis for further exploration of its pathological and genetic significance.
	502.	Colocalization of CRH and nuclear/cytoplasmic androgen receptor (AR) was found in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the human hypothalamus. A potential androgen-responsive element (ARE) in the human CRH promoter was also analyzed.
	503.	hAR is a direct target of LEF-1/TCF transcriptional regulation in PCa cells; expression of the hAR protein is suppressed by a degradation pathway regulated by cross-talk of Wnt, Akt, and PP2A
	504.	Authors suggest that AR genotype could contribute a genetic predisposition to Greenlanders, who despite one of the world's highest body burden of organohalogen pollutants, seem to be protected from hypospadias.
	505.	AR N-terminal transactivation function, activation function 1, has the potential to regulate transcription at both the level of initiation and elongation
	506.	inhibition of the hsp90-dependent trafficking mechanism prevents aggregation of the expanded glutamine androgen receptor
	507.	Short GGN repeats seem to be associated with decreased semen volume, possibly due to suboptimal AR activity
	508.	polymorphism analysis of the AR gene suggests that the fertility of children conceived by ICSI may be conserved.
	509.	Androgen-sensitive (AS) prostate cancer cells do not express androgen receptor (AR) protein during mitosis, either in vitro or in vivo, consistent with AR functioning as a licensing factor for DNA replication in AS prostate cancer cells.
	510.	E;evated E2F1 transcription factor, through its ability to repress androgen receptor transcription, may contribute to the progression of hormone-independent prostate cancer.
	511.	This study documents HBx as a previously undescribed class of noncellular positive coregulators for AR.
	512.	findings suggest that AR gene amplification is an important molecular mechanism underlying the increase in proliferation rate of a substantial fraction of recurrent prostate carcinomas
	513.	The results suggest that shorter length of AR might influence the onset of MDD in female adolescents, a further elucidation of the mechanisms is warranted.
	514.	These data demonstrated that PSF and p54nrb complex with AR and play a key role in modulating AR-mediated gene transcription.
	515.	Ack1 activated by surface signals or oncogenic mechanisms may directly enhance AR transcriptional function and promote androgen-independent progression of prostate cancer.
	516.	Review. The role of AR in controlling cell cycle progression & paradoxical roles of AR in survival signals are considered.
	517.	a direct correlation exists between the CAG repeat length in the exon 1 of the AR gene and the risk of being azoospermic.
	518.	Androgen receptors were only seen in hair follicle dermal papilla cells and the basal cells of the sebaceous gland.
	519.	androgen receptor transactivation and coactivation by TIF2/GRIP1 in recurrent prostate cancer is increased by EGF signaling through MAPK
	520.	AR N-terminal(1-34) suppressed both androgen-dependent AR N-to-C interaction and prostate specific antigen transcription and also caused delaying translocation to the nucleus and the decreasing stability of the AR were inhibition to enter into S phase
	521.	Coding & splice junctions of the androgen receptor gene were scanned in genomic DNA samples from psychiatric patients. 2 variants affecting protein structure & expression were found: R726L in 1 of 17 scanned alcoholics, & P516S in 1 of 3 phobia patients.
	522.	contribution of genetic polymorphism of oestrogen and androgen receptor (AR) genes in male infertility
	523.	regulation of androgen receptor by PI3 kinase
	524.	Data show that steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) enhanced ligand-independent activation of the AR by IL-6 to the same magnitude as that obtained via ligand-dependent activation, and that activation required MAPK.
	525.	Data show that the haplotype distribution of CAG and GGC repeat lengths is different in men with idiopathic infertility compared to fertile normozoospermic men.
	526.	molecular dynamic modeling to create four-dimensional models of each of the mutant receptors
	527.	Androgen receptor over-expression is associated with gastric cancer
	528.	Longer AR CAG repeats are more common in men with breast cancer than in the control male population. Androgen hyposensitivity, caused by long AR CAG repeats, may increase the risk of breast cancer in men.
	529.	DHT may play more important roles than testosterone in the regulation of androgen action in endometrial cancer and normal human endometrium, especially in the secretory phase, in which both AR and 5alpha-reductase are increased
	530.	Comparison of fertile men and those with azoospermia on the basis of CAG repeats revealed that the number of CAG repeats in both groups were similar.
	531.	PTEN, via distinct mechanisms, differentially regulates androgen receptors in various stages of prostate cancers.
	532.	Strong nuclear immunoreactivity for AR and ERbeta was found in the secretory epithelium of apocrine glands in axilla
	533.	GGC and StuI polymorphism is found on the androgen receptor gene in endometrial cancer
	534.	the differential localization of AR and ER isoforms in human sperm reveals distinct roles of these receptors in the physiology of sperm cells
	535.	The A allele of the G1733A polymorphism of the AR gene has been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer.
	536.	androgen and androgen receptor promote Bax-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
	537.	To assess directly the functional significance of N-terminal glutamine (Q) tract variation, we converted the mouse AR to the human sequence by germline gene targeting, introducing alleles with 12, 21, or 48 glutamines.
	538.	ER/PR/AR-negative cells transfected with AR were killed by DHEAS/AI treatment, providing evidence that AR is responsible for this effect. This provides the first AR-targeted hormonal therapy for ER breast cancer.
	539.	Longer Tandem Repeats in androgen receptor is associated with breast cancer
	540.	increased cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity is a mechanism for increasing AR expression and stability in response to low androgen levels in androgen-independent prostate cancer
	541.	results imply that prostate cancer risk is associated with androgen receptor(AR)-CAG repeat and kallikrein-2 polymorphisms in Indian population but no unambiguous association was observed with PSA and AR-GGN repeat polymorphism
	542.	These findings suggest that reactive oxygen species is a common mediator responsible for ADAM9 protein induction in human prostate cancer cells, downstream from androgen receptor, and stress response signaling.
	543.	ARs having a Leu701His mutation AR(L701H) was highly dependent on Hsp90 for its hormone-independent activation, suggesting that this chaperone functions in AR(L701H) folding.
	544.	A functional interaction of WT1 and AR might play a role during the development of the male external genitalia.
	545.	Ack1 promotes prostate cancer progression to androgen-independence via androgen receptor tyrosine phosphorylation at Tyr-267 and Tyr-363, both located within the transactivation domain.
	546.	Androgens induce neuroprotection directly through the androgen receptor.
	547.	Polymorphisms within the gene are biomarkers for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and benign prostatic enlargement(SRD5A2)
	548.	identification as a coactivator for the androgen receptor [p102 U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle-binding protein]
	549.	androgen receptor and DXS15-134 markers show a high rate of discordance for germline X chromosome inactivation in patients with breast or ovarian cancer
	550.	Almost all of the amino acids located at the 13-residue C-terminal end of the androgen receptor participate in its ligand binding function and consequently in its transcriptional activation.
	551.	Molecular studies performed on eight individuals with AIS were reported. Exon-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single-strand conformation polymorphism, and sequencing analyses, were performed in exons 2 to 8 of the AR gene.

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[Top][Help]Interactions

Description ..........
Product	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs

NP_000035.2	NP_001121.2	AES		HPRD	PubMed
Akt phosphorylates AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_005154.1	AKT1		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004314.3	BAG1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_009225.1	BRCA1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Calreticulin	CALR		HPRD	PubMed
Androgen Receptor interacts with caspase 1. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between human androgen receptor and caspase 1 from an unspecified species.
NP_000035.2	NP_150634.1	CASP1		BIND	PubMed
Androgen Receptor interacts with caspase 3. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between human androgen receptor and caspase 3 from an unspecified species.
NP_000035.2	NP_004337.2	CASP3		BIND	PubMed
Androgen Receptor interacts with caspase 7.
NP_000035.2	NP_001218.1	CASP7		BIND	PubMed
Androgen Receptor interacts with caspase 8.
NP_000035.2	NP_203519.1	CASP8		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001744.2	CAV1		HPRD	PubMed
Caveolin-1 interacts with AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_001744.2	CAV1		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_444284.1	CCND1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001229.1	CCNE1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_068660.1	CDC25B		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_008996.1	CDC37		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001252.1	CDK9		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001853.2	COX5B		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	CREBBP	CREBBP		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001895.1	CTNNB1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001895.1	CTNNB1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004623.1	DAP3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_073622.2	EFCAB6		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Estrogen receptor alpha	ESR1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Estrogen receptor, alpha	ESR1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004445.1	ETV5		HPRD	PubMed
AR interacts with FGF8 promoter.
NP_000035.2	AF520763.1	FGF8		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001441.2	FHL2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001441.2	FHL2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001447.1	FLNA		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004487.2	FOXA1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	FKHR	FOXO1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase	GAPDH		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	RACK1	GNB2L1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_000168.1	GSN		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Transcription factor IIF, alpha subunit	GTF2F1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004119.1	GTF2F2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_005307.1	GTF2H1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Histone deacetylase 1	HDAC1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	High mobility group box 1	HMGB1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	High mobility group box 1	HMGB1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	HSP90A	HSP90AA1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Insulin degrading enzyme	IDE		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_002219.1	JUN		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_874369.1	KAT5		HPRD	PubMed
AR interacts with p-KLK-2.
NP_000035.2	NT_011109.15	KLK2		BIND	PubMed
AR interacts with p-PSA.
NP_000035.2	AF394907.1	KLK3		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Oncoprotein Mdm2	MDM2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004765.2	MED1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_004220.2	MED14		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_055335.1	MYBBP1A		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_008998.1	MYST2		HPRD	PubMed
SRC-1a interacts with AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_003734.3	NCOA1		BIND	PubMed
SRC-1e interacts with AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_671756.1	NCOA1		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	SRC1	NCOA1		HPRD	PubMed
GRIP1 interacts with AR. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between mouse GRIP1 and human AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_006531.1	NCOA2		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	TIF2	NCOA2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_006525.1	NCOA3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_005428.1	NCOA4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_006302.2	NCOR1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003989.1	NFKB1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_009115.1	NISCH		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_031389.3	NONO		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_000466.2	NR0B1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_000466.2	NR0B1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Orphan nuclear receptor SHP	NR0B2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003288.1	NR2C1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003289.2	NR2C2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Glucocorticoid receptor	NR3C1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ARA267	NSD1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ARA267	NSD1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_071900.2	NSD1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_006182.1	PA2G4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_064553.1	PAK6		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_057250.1	PIAS1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_056981.2	PIAS4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Proline rich 2	PNRC1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_060231.1	PNRC2		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Octamer binding transcription factor 1	POU2F1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Octamer binding transcription factor 1	POU2F1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	C20orf14 protein	PRPF6		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_005043.1	RAC3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	RAF1	RAF1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_006316.1	RAN		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_005484.1	RANBP9		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_000312.1	RB1		HPRD	PubMed
Rb interacts with AR.
NP_000035.2	NP_000312.1	RB1		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_056251.1	RCHY1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_056251.1	RCHY1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_068810.1	RELA		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	RING Finger Protein 14	RNF14		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_002929.1	RNF4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_055521.1	SART3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_001142.1	SLC25A4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Solute carrier family 25, mitochondrial carrier, member 4	SLC25A4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	SMAD3	SMAD3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_005350.1	SMAD4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_036523.1	SPDEF		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003131.1	SRY		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_644805.1	STAT3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_644805.1	STAT3		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_068506.1	SVIL		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003190.1	TCF4		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	HIC5	TGFB1I1		HPRD	PubMed
The carboxy terminus of ARA55 interacts with the carboxy terminus AR to enhance transcriptional activity.
NP_000035.2	NP_057011.2	TGFB1I1		BIND	PubMed

NP_000035.2	TATA element modulatory factor 1	TMF1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_056989.2	TRIM24		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Tumor susceptibility gene 101	TSG101		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_003336.1	UBE2I		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_705582.1	UXT		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NP_065071.1	ZMIZ1		HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ANPK			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ARA 160			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ARIP3			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ARIP4			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	BAG 1L			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	ERM			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Ebp1			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	NSD1			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	PDEF			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	PITALRE			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	PNRC			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Protein inhibitor of activated STAT2			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Protein inhibitor of activated STAT2			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	TIF 2			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	Ubc9			HPRD	PubMed

NP_000035.2	YDJ1			HPRD	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:106675	AES		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:106710	AKT1		BioGRID	PubMed
Co-crystal Structure; Protein-peptide; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:106862	AR		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107049	BAG1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107140	BRCA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107252	CALM1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107262	CALR		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107305	CAV1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107067	CCND1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107338	CCNE1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107342	CCNH		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107429	CDC25B		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:116312	CDC37		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107457	CDK7		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107459	CDK9		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107479	CEBPA		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107480	CEBPB		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107722	COX5B		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Phenotypic Suppression; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107777	CREBBP		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107880	CTNNB1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113587	DAP3		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107985	DAXX		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:107998	DCC		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:122306	EFCAB6		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108276	EGFR		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108420	ETV5		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108565	FHL2		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108605	FLNA		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109411	FOXA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Far Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108597	FOXO1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108868	GAPDH		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115671	GNB2L1		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:116995	GRIP1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109186	GSK3A		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109187	GSK3B		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109189	GSN		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109217	GTF2F1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109218	GTF2F2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109220	GTF2H1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109315	HDAC1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114368	HDAC3		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115106	HDAC4		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109389	HMGB1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109391	HMGB2		BioGRID	PubMed
Co-localization
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109414	HNF4A		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109552	HSP90AA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109535	HSPA1A		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109548	HSPB2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109786	IL6ST		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109928	JUN		BioGRID	PubMed
Biochemical Activity; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115779	KAT5		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-fractionation; Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:110284	MAGEA11		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111580	MAPK1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:110358	MDM2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111465	MED1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:116315	MYST2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114200	NCOA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115761	NCOA2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113841	NCOA3		BioGRID	PubMed
Far Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113726	NCOA4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:116691	NCOA6		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization; Phenotypic Suppression; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114973	NCOR1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114974	NCOR2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:110904	NONO		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:106695	NR0B1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114012	NR0B2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113033	NR2C1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113034	NR2C2		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:122135	NSD1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111075	PA2G4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:121251	PAK6		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:117133	PATZ1		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114124	PIAS1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114523	PIAS2		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115673	PIAS3		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:119624	PIAS4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:121262	PMEPA1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111447	POU2F1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111448	POU2F2		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111577	PRKDC		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:109512	PRMT1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:117298	PRPF6		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:120558	PSPC1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111700	PTEN		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111820	RAD9A		BioGRID	PubMed
Co-purification
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111831	RAF1		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111837	RAN		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115359	RANBP9		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111860	RB1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:117406	RCHY1		BioGRID	PubMed
Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114968	RNF14		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:111974	RNF4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:115082	SART3		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114472	SELENBP1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:110263	SMAD3		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:110264	SMAD4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112481	SMARCA4		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112483	SMARCC1		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112550	SP1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:117335	SPDEF		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112592	SRC		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112614	SRY		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112651	STAT3		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112707	SVIL		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112771	TBP		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112787	TCF4		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112855	TDG		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112899	TGFB1I1		BioGRID	PubMed
Far Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:112965	TMF1		BioGRID	PubMed
Phenotypic Suppression
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113010	TP53		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:114333	TRIM24		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:120434	TRIM68		BioGRID	PubMed
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113102	TSG101		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113164	UBC		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Phenotypic Enhancement; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113177	UBE2I		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113997	UXT		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113306	WHSC1		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:113353	XRCC5		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:108822	XRCC6		BioGRID	PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:116168	YWHAQ		BioGRID	PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106862	BioGRID:121427	ZMIZ1		BioGRID	PubMed

[Top][Help]General gene information

Markers

AF020219(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:28673

G64113(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:146703

G64112(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:146710

G64114(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:146713

G64115(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:146715

G64116(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:146716

DXS7498(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:38944

DXS9736(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:49952

RH11082(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:78379

GDB:185508(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:155454

GDB:511610(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:157514

GDB:197027(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:99693

DXS7751(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:75647

AR_1980(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:280451

PMC20963P1(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:272005

PMC20963P2(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:272006

PMC20963P3(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:272007

GDB:194743(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:155799

DXS1397(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:99735

GDB:176283(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154785

GDB:176286(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154787

GDB:176287(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154788

GDB:176288(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154789

GDB:176322(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154796

GDB:176323(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154797

GDB:176324(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154798

GDB:176326(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154800

GDB:176327(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154801

GDB:176328(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154802

GDB:176329(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:154803

STS-M20132(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:27060

GDB:600694(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:99252

GDB:188670(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:155574

G64286(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:158668

AR(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:262096

GDB:196546(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:155864

GDB:555517(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:157676

PMC137585P1(e-PCR): Links: UniSTS:270846

Phenotypes

Androgen insensitivity: MIM: 300068
Androgen insensitivity, partial, with or without breast cancer: MIM: 312300
Breast cancer, male, with Reifenstein syndrome: MIM: 313700
Hypospadias 1, X-linked: MIM: 300633
Hypospadias, perineal: MIM: 300633
Prostate cancer: MIM: 313700
Prostate cancer, susceptibility to: MIM: 176807
Reifenstein syndrome: MIM: 312300
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of Kennedy: MIM: 313200
Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11: NHGRI GWA Catalog
Genome-wide association analysis of metabolic traits in a birth cohort from a founder population: NHGRI GWA Catalog

Genotypes

See AR SNP Genotype Report

See AR SNP Geneview Report

See AR SNP Variation Viewer Report

Homology

Homologs of the AR gene The AR gene is conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, and zebrafish.

Map Viewer (Mouse, Rat)

Pathways

KEGG pathway: Pathways in cancer: 05200
KEGG pathway: Prostate cancer: 05215

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence
androgen binding	NAS	PubMed
androgen receptor activity	NAS	PubMed
androgen receptor activity	TAS	PubMed
metal ion binding	IEA
protein dimerization activity	NAS	PubMed
receptor activity	IEA
receptor binding	IPI	PubMed
sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA
transcription activator activity	IEA
transcription factor activity	IDA	PubMed
zinc ion binding	IEA

Process	Evidence
androgen receptor signaling pathway	IEA
cell death	IEA
cell growth	NAS	PubMed
cell proliferation	NAS	PubMed
cell-cell signaling	TAS	PubMed
in utero embryonic development	IEA
male gonad development	IEA
male sex differentiation	IEA
male somatic sex determination	IEA
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IEA
prostate gland development	NAS	PubMed
regulation of catalytic activity	IEA
response to insulin stimulus	IEA
signal transduction	TAS	PubMed
transport	TAS	PubMed

Component	Evidence
axon	IEA
cytoplasm	IDA	PubMed
dendrite	IEA
nucleus	IDA	PubMed

[Top][Help]General protein information

Preferred Names: androgen receptor

Names: androgen receptor; dihydrotestosterone receptor

[Top][Help]NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

Genomic

NG_009014.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5000..185245

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000044.2 → NP_000035.2 androgen receptor isoform 1

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AF321915,M20132,M23263

Consensus CDS

CCDS14387.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P10275

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q9NUA2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam02166
Location:6 – 449
Blast Score: 1398

Androgen_recep; Androgen receptor

cd07073
Location:673 – 918
Blast Score: 1412

NR_LBD_AR; Ligand binding domain of the nuclear receptor androgen receptor, ligand activated transcription regulator

cl02596
Location:558 – 633
Blast Score: 341

zf-C4; Zinc finger, C4 type (two domains)
NM_001011645.1 → NP_001011645.1 androgen receptor isoform 2

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2), also referred to as AR45, is shorter, and has a distinct and shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AL049564,AX453758,M20132

Consensus CDS

CCDS43965.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P10275

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd07073
Location:141 – 386
Blast Score: 1363

NR_LBD_AR; Ligand binding domain of the nuclear receptor androgen receptor, ligand activated transcription regulator

cl02596
Location:26 – 101
Blast Score: 324

zf-C4; Zinc finger, C4 type (two domains)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.1

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 37 (GRCh37), Primary_Assembly

Genomic

NC_000023.10

Range

66763873..66944118

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NT_011669.17

Range

5081861..5262106

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (Celera)

Genomic

AC_000066.1

Range

67112959..67293966

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NW_927711.1

Range

4602145..4783152

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (HuRef)

Genomic

AC_000155.1

Range

60592005..60772473

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
NW_001842373.1

Range

4295620..4476088

Download

GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

[Top][Help]Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
genomic	AL049564.11	CAI43080.1
genomic	AL158016.15	CAI40853.1
genomic	AL356358.19	CAI40496.1
genomic	AX453758.1	None
genomic	CH471132.2	EAX05380.1
genomic	M27430.1	AAA51886.1
genomic	M35851.1	AAA51772.1
genomic	M58158.1	AAA51778.1
genomic	S79366.1	AAB21256.2
genomic	S79368.1	AAB21257.2
genomic	U16371.1	AAB60346.1
mRNA	AF162704.1	AAD45921.1
mRNA	AF321914.1	AAK09423.1
mRNA	AF321915.1	AAK09424.1
mRNA	AF321916.1	AAK09425.1
mRNA	AF321917.1	AAK09426.1
mRNA	BC132975.1	AAI32976.1
mRNA	FJ235919.1	ACN39562.1
mRNA	L29496.1	AAA51770.1
mRNA	M20132.1	AAA51729.1
mRNA	M20260.1	AAA51774.1
mRNA	M21748.1	AAA51771.1
mRNA	M23263.1	AAA51775.1
mRNA	M34233.1	AAA51780.1
mRNA	M73069.1	AAA51735.1

Protein Accession	Links
P10275.2	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P10275
Q13771	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q13771
Q9BZG5	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9BZG5
Q9BZG6	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9BZG6
Q9BZG7	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9BZG7
Q9NUA2	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9NUA2
Q9UD95	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9UD95
Q9UN21	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9UN21