1: ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase [ Homo sapiens ]

GeneID: 240 updated 21-Nov-2009

[Top][Help]Summary

Official Symbol
ALOX5provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
arachidonate 5-lipoxygenaseprovided by HGNC
Primary Source
HGNC:435
Locus Tag
RP11-67C2.3
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000012779; HPRD:01065; MIM:152390
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
5-LO; 5LPG; LOG5; 5-LOX; MGC163204; ALOX5
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the lipoxygenase gene family and plays a dual role in the synthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. The encoded protein, which is expressed specifically in bone marrow-derived cells, catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to 5(S)-hydroperoxy-6-trans-8,11,14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid, and further to the allylic epoxide 5(S)-trans-7,9-trans-11,14-cis-eicosatetrenoic acid (leukotriene A4). Leukotrienes are important mediators of a number of inflammatory and allergic conditions. Mutations in the promoter region of this gene lead to a diminished response to antileukotriene drugs used in the treatment of asthma and may also be associated with atherosclerosis and several cancers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed, but their full-length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq]

[Top][Help]Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

(plus) Go to reference sequence detailsTry our new Sequence Viewer


[Top][Help]Genomic context

chromosome: 10; Location: 10q11.2See ALOX5 in MapViewer

[Top][Help]Bibliography

Related Articles in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Function What's a GeneRIF?

PubMed 1. 5-LO was the enzyme responsible for the generation of the HepsilondGuo DNA-adduct in CESS cells.
PubMed 2. one in the promoter and one spanning six SNPs from rs3740107G>A in intron 6 to rs2229136A>G in exon 13.five-repeat genotype was the most frequent Sp1/Egr1 promoter tandem repeat variant
PubMed 3. Genotyping the GGGCGG tandem repeat promoter polymorphism in ALOX5 by pyrosequencing assay is reported.
PubMed 4. Nine SNPs distributed across eight genetic regions (ALOX5, IRAK3, ITGB2, NCF2, NFKB1, SELP, SOD1, and STAT1) were associated with risk of glioma with P value of <0.01.
PubMed 5. Observational study of genetic testing. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 6. Clinical trial of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 7. Grape seed and red wine polyphenol extracts inhibit this enzyme in seveal tumor cell lines.
PubMed 8. LTC(4)S interacts in vitro with both FLAP and 5-LO and that these interactions involve distinct parts of LTC(4)S.
PubMed 9. The development of methodology for clinical measurement of ALOX5 intermediates from peripheral blood mononuclear cells is reported.
PubMed 10. Results suggest that the formation of miRNAs may be regulated by 5LO in leukocytes and cancer cells expressing this lipoxygenase.
PubMed 11. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 12. a role of the 5-LO pathway in B cells before the cells finally differentiate to plasma cells
PubMed 13. nuclear import, which is regulated by phosphorylation on Ser-523, to determine the subcellular distribution of 5-LO, which in turn regulates leukotriene biosynthesis.
PubMed 14. identify multiprotein complexes for leukotriene synthesis on the outer and inner nuclear membranes of mast cells and neutrophils, centered on the 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein and 5-Lipoxygenase
PubMed 15. microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 and 5-lipoxygenase can be inhibited by pirinixic acid derivatives
PubMed 16. The pro-inflammatory alleles of COX-2 and 5-LO were overrepresented in MI and under-represented in centenarians whereas age-related controls displayed intermediate values
PubMed 17. No significant effect of ALOX5 genotype on breast cnacer risk.
PubMed 18. 5-lipoxygenase is upregulated in the Alzheimer's disease hippocampus.
PubMed 19. 5-LOX is overexpressed in adenomatous polyps and cancer.
PubMed 20. data do not provide consistent evidence of association between genomic variation in ALOX5 and clinical variability in aBMD in healthy
PubMed 21. variant 5-lipoxygenase promoter genotypes do not have a major role in myocardial infarction
PubMed 22. Report the long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on COX-1/2, 5-LOX and leukotriene receptors in patients with a risk gastritis phenotype--a link to gastric carcinogenesis.
PubMed 23. There is a relationship between 5-LO expression and the neoangiogenesis process as reflected by intratumoral microvessel density in human sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas.
PubMed 24. The 3 and 4 variants lead to higher 5-LO expression and provide additional evidence that these alleles are associated with greater risks of atherosclerosis and MI in the context of a high-AA diet.
PubMed 25. Role of ALOX5 in pancreatic function in human islets is assessed through short interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown experiments.
PubMed 26. Describe an ex vivo human whole blood assay to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of 5-LOX inhibitors.
PubMed 27. Results describe the cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) selectivity of COX inhibitors.
PubMed 28. Tertiary-butanolcauses moderate suppression of 5-LO and hardly inhibits 5-LO translocation in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
PubMed 29. 5-LOX was expressed in 6% of ovarian neoplasms.
PubMed 30. findings do not support a link between common allelic variation in or near ALOX5 or ALOX5AP and the risk of coronary artery disease
PubMed 31. The observation of an association of ALOX5 variants with susceptibility to tuberculosis contributes evidence of the importance of 5-LO products to the regulation of immune responses to M. tuberculosis.
PubMed 32. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 33. Observational study of gene-gene interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 34. Observational study of gene-environment interaction and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 35. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 36. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 37. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 38. Uncategorized study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
PubMed 39. These results suggest that E254K in the 5-LO might be associated with bronchial asthma.
PubMed 40. CMV infection induces 5-lipoxygenase expression and leukotriene B4 production in vascular smooth muscle cells
PubMed 41. Suppression of 5-lipoxygenase gene is involved in triptolide-induced apoptosis in pancreatic tumor cell lines.
PubMed 42. These results suggest that overexpression of 5-LO and LTB(4) in atherosclerotic plaques possibly promote MMP-induced plaque rupture in diabetes.
PubMed 43. TsA increases 5-LO promoter activity by the enhanced recruitment of Sp1 and Sp3 to the 5-LO promoter
PubMed 44. ANXA7 and p53 can distinctly regulate LOX transcription that is potentially relevant to the arachidonic acid -mediated cell growth control in tumor suppression.
PubMed 45. involved in tumor progression of several cell types and may also participate in lymphomagenesis, especially Epstein Barr virus-mediated.
PubMed 46. Multiple ALOX5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) independently predict severe carotid artery disease.
PubMed 47. promotion of phosphorylation at Ser-271 by MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 and arachidonic acid
PubMed 48. 5-lipoxygenase can be activated by calcium and low levels of hydroperoxides
PubMed 49. Coactosin-like protein (CLP) up-regulates Ca(2+)-induced 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) activity, and increases the amount of Leukotriene A(4) formed by 5LO.
PubMed 50. marked expression of 5-LOX in human pancreatic cancer tissues
PubMed 51. a critical regulatory role of arachidonate reacylation that limits leukotriene biosynthesis in concert with 5-lipoxygenase and cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha activation
PubMed 52. mizolastine down-regulated 5-LOX mRNA expression and inhibited 5-LOX translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm in fibroblasts
PubMed 53. Sequence analysis and deletion studies indicate the existence of up to four Smad binding elements and at least one TGFbeta responsive element far downstream of the transcriptional start site of the 5-lipoxygenase gene.
PubMed 54. analysis of vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding to putative vitamin D response elements within the 5-LO promoter and analysis its function
PubMed 55. increased expressions of 5-LOX and 12-LOX were detected in testicular cancer tissues
PubMed 56. Up-regulation of 5-Lipoxygenase is associated with prostate cancer
PubMed 57. The expression of 5-LO is elevated in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic plaques and is associated with acute ischemic syndromes
PubMed 58. The binding between human 5-lipoxygenase with its inhibitors can be investigated by SPR technology and molecular docking simulation.
PubMed 59. examines the binding of calcium to this enzyme (REVIEW)
PubMed 60. Data show that inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase induces rapid activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in human prostate cancer cells which is prevented by the 5-lipoxygenase metabolite, 5(S)-HETE.
PubMed 61. Data show that 5-lipoxygenase activity increases during senescence-like growth arrest via a p53/p21-dependent pathway in both human and mouse embryo fibroblasts.
PubMed 62. In the absence of Ca2+ (chelated using EDTA), OAG strongly and concentration-dependently stimulated 5-LO enzyme from polymorphonuclear leukocytes
PubMed 63. results demonstrating mechanisms for activation of 5-LO differ considerably between cell types
PubMed 64. Mutagenesis of 5LO C-terminal mutants showed that hidrogen bonds are required for a stabilizing C-terminal loop.
PubMed 65. Theoretical model of the tertiary structure of the 5-lipoxygenase catalytic domain, using the resolved structure of rabbit 15-lipoxygenase as a template.
PubMed 66. Arachidonic acid regulates the translocation of 5-LO in human neutophild unraveling a novel mechanism of the cAMP-mediated inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis
PubMed 67. human 5-lipoxygenase is inhibited by dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acids of the neuroprotectin D family
PubMed 68. CYSLTR2 and ALOX5 polymorphisms may predispose a minority of individuals to excessive cysteinyl-leukotriene concentrations, yielding a distinct asthma phenotype most likely to respond to leukotriene modifier pharmacotherapy.
PubMed 69. In silico screening of the whole 5-LO gene area (84 kb, including 10 kb promoter region) was performed and 22 putative vitamin D response elements were identified.
PubMed 70. upregulation in glioblastoma multiforme
PubMed 71. upregulated in colon cancer; affecting cell survival
PubMed 72. LTC4 production by eosinophils in asthmatic subjects with alternative forms of ALOX-5 core promoter
PubMed 73. determination of binding sites for calcium and magnesium
PubMed 74. results suggest that splitting of BL41-E95-A cells induces de novo synthesis of a protein involved in the activation of casp-6 and casp-8, which cleaves 5-LO.
PubMed 75. human breast tumours aberrantly express significantly higher levels of 5-lipoxygenase; levels of 5-lipoxygenases were also particularly high in tumours from patients who died of breast cancer.
PubMed 76. possible involvement of 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene polymorphism in ASA-intolerant asthma (AIA) in a Korean population
PubMed 77. the GC-rich part of the 5-lipoxygenase gene promoter, including a novel Sp1 site, appear important for basal (rather than upregulated) transcription of 5-lipoxygenase gene in monocytic cells
PubMed 78. LOX5 and FLAP pathway in monocytes and microglia yields products toxic toward neurons (neuroblastoma cell line)
PubMed 79. PKA phosphorylates 5-LO on Ser-523, which inhibits the catalytic activity of 5-LO and reduces cellular LT generation
PubMed 80. Lipoxygenase is induced in bladder cancer. Results suggest that lipoxygenase inhibitors may mediate potent antiproliferative effects against bladder cancer cells.
PubMed 81. molecular basis of the specific subcellular localization of the C2-like domain
PubMed 82. Expression of 5-lipoxygenase mRNA was observed in muscle tissues from patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies suggesting a role in pathogenesis of this disease.
PubMed 83. there is no evidence of increased expression of 5-LO mRNA in either quiescent or active stages of inflammatory bowel disease
PubMed 84. results suggest that 5-lipoxygenases is up-regulated in colorectal cancer and that inhibition of its expression might be valuable in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer
PubMed 85. Nuclear export of 5-LO depends on the stress-induced activation of the p38 MAPK pathway.
PubMed 86. Increased 5-lipoxygenase expression is associated with esophageal cancer
PubMed 87. the polymorphism of ALOX5 at positions of -1708 G > A showed significant difference in genotype frequency between aspirin-intolerant urticaria and aspirin-intolerant asthma
PubMed 88. 5-lipoxygenase and leukotriene A4 hydrolase expression in atherosclerotic lesions correlates with symptoms of plaque instability
PubMed 89. The stratified squamous epithelial cells from inflamed or hyperplastic tissues of palatine and pharyngeal tonsils (nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue) express 5-lipoxygenase protein.
PubMed 90. platelet-stimulated proliferation of fibroblasts is mediated by an increased 5-LO activity
PubMed 91. The data did not support a significant effect of ALOX5-promoter polymorphism on MI risk.
PubMed 92. 5-Lipooxygenase up-regulation is an important step in renal cancer progression.
PubMed 93. Data show that the previously identified bipartite-motif region within 5-lipoxygenase is not a functional import sequence, whereas the newly identified basic region constitutes a true nuclear import sequence.
PubMed 94. polymorphisms in arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is associated with colon cancer risk
PubMed 95. Administration of omega-3 reduced significantly ALOX5 activity, with no effect on ALOX5 protein expression.
PubMed 96. no significant associations of the 2 5-LOX polymorphisms with the risk of colorectal adenoma
PubMed 97. CON6 mouse point mutations (I645V and V646I) as well as the double mutant (I645V+V646I) introduced by site-directed mutagenesis into human 5-LO exhibited reduced catalytic activities but retained their positional specificity & substrate affinity.

[Top][Help]HIV-1 protein interactions

Protein    Interaction
1. Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 HIV-1 gp120 increases the intracellular concentrations of prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4 by upregulating the activity and expression of the arachidonate-metabolizing enzymes prostaglandin H synthase and 5-lipoxygenase, respectively PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

[Top][Help]Interactions

Description ..........
  Product Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs          
 
  NP_000689.1   NP_001620.2   ALOX5AP      HPRD    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   NP_066972.1   COTL1      HPRD    PubMed
5LO interacts with CLP.
  NP_000689.1   NP_066972.1   COTL1      BIND    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   NP_002077.1   GRB2      HPRD    PubMed
5LO interacts with TRAP-1.
  NP_000689.1   NP_004248.2   TGFBRAP1      BIND    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   TGF beta receptor associated protein 1   TGFBRAP1      HPRD    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   Actin        HPRD    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   CLP        HPRD    PubMed
 
  NP_000689.1   Myosin        HPRD    PubMed
Two-hybrid
  BioGRID:106741   BioGRID:118049   CLPSMCR      BioGRID    PubMed
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
  BioGRID:106741   BioGRID:116979   COTL1      BioGRID    PubMed
Reconstituted Complex
  BioGRID:106741   BioGRID:109142   GRB2      BioGRID    PubMed
Two-hybrid
  BioGRID:106741   BioGRID:114792   TGFBRAP1      BioGRID    PubMed

[Top][Help]General gene information

Markers

ALOX5(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:503056
RH79041(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:44581
D11S2467(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:151847
ALOX5_4211(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:471343
RH102744(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:97078
NoName(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:60247
RH17822(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:71005
SHGC-59903(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:34693
RH98891(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:91527
D10S1413(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:52128
L18441(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:71348
SHGC-60141(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:32451
D11S3553(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:152792
WI-9162(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:78319
RH40180(e-PCR)
Links: UniSTS:87536

Phenotypes

Asthma, diminished response to antileukotriene treatment in
MIM: 600807
Atherosclerosis, susceptibility to
MIM: 152390

Genotypes

See ALOX5 SNP Genotype Report
See ALOX5 SNP Geneview Report
See ALOX5 SNP Variation Viewer Report Variation View Link

Homology

Homologs of the ALOX5 gene The ALOX5 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, dog, cow, mouse, rat, and zebrafish.

Pathways

KEGG pathway: Arachidonic acid metabolism
00590
KEGG pathway: Metabolic pathways
01100

[Top][Help]General protein information

Preferred Names
arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
Names
arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
leukotriene A4 synthase
arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase
NP_000689.1
EC 1.13.11.34
5` partial

[Top][Help]NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

Genomic

  1. NG_011437.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5000..76936
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000698.2NP_000689.1  arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

    Source sequence(s)
    AL731567,BQ003253,J03571,J03600
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS7212.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P09917
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01753
    Location:2115
    Blast Score: 468
    PLAT_LOX; PLAT domain of 12/15-lipoxygenase. As a unique subfamily of the mammalian lipoxygenases, they catalyze enzymatic lipid peroxidation in complex biological structures via direct dioxygenation of phospholipids and cholesterol esters of biomembranes and...
    pfam00305
    Location:125666
    Blast Score: 1733
    Lipoxygenase; Lipoxygenase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.1

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 37 (GRCh37), Primary_Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000010.10

    Range
    45869628..45941564
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
  2. NT_033985.7 

    Range
    3514693..3586629
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (Celera)

Genomic

  1. AC_000053.1

    Range
    41889256..41939520
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
  2. NW_921506.1 

    Range
    1675..1959, complement
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
  3. NW_924606.1 

    Range
    3300404..3350668
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate assembly (HuRef)

Genomic

  1. AC_000142.1

    Range
    42394888..42467213
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
  2. NW_001837940.1 

    Range
    3296607..3368932
    Download
    GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

[Top][Help]Related Sequences

  Nucleotide   Protein
  genomic   AL731567.6   CAI41243.1
  genomic   CH471160.1   EAW86642.1
       EAW86643.1
  genomic   J04520.1   AAA59522.1
  genomic   M38191.1   AAA63212.1
  mRNA   AB208946.1   BAD92183.1
  mRNA   AK225603.1   None
  mRNA   AK315223.1   None
  mRNA   BC034464.1   None
  mRNA   BC040450.1   None
  mRNA   BC130332.1   AAI30333.1
  mRNA   BC132677.1   AAI32678.1
  mRNA   BC143985.1   AAI43986.1
  mRNA   BC143986.1   None
  mRNA   BQ003253.1   None
  mRNA   J03571.1   AAA65450.1
  mRNA   J03600.1   AAA36183.1
Protein Accession   Links
P09917.2   GenPept   UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P09917
Q59H13   GenPept   UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q59H13

[Top][Help]Additional Links