This paper reports the results of multimodality treatment in 200 patients with nonresectable primary liver carcinoma (PLC) from April 1964 to July 1993. PLC was verified histologically in all cases. They were divided into two groups according to the methods of treatment. In group 1, 115 cases received anticancer agents by hepatic artery infusion (HAI). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 10.4% and 1.7%, respectively and only one patient survived 65 months. In group 2, 85 cases received multimodality treatments by various combinations of hepatic artery chemoembolization (HACE), hepatic artery ligation (HAL), microwave coagulation (MIC) of tumor and ethanol injection into tumor (EIT). The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year survival rate was 34.1%, 21.2%, 12.0% and 6.7%, respectively. Five patients had been alive for 41 to 63 months and second-stage hepatic resection performed in another 6 patients. The results suggest that multimodality treatment is an effective approach to improve the long-term survival of patients with nonresectable PLC.