Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children and affects nearly 30-40% of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU). Even with technological advances in critical care and dialysis, there is a high mortality rate of 66.8% to 90% in ICU patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is often performed to treat patients with AKI. However, for optimal RRT treatment, it is crucial to consider the indications, modes of access, and prescription of each RRT method. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the various modalities of RRT in pediatric patients, which include peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD), continuous RRT (CRRT), and sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED).
Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Dialysis; Pediatric; Renal replacement therapy.