Background: Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality and is a major hurdle for lung cancer treatment. Invadopodia, which are cancer-specific protrusive structures, play a crucial role in the metastatic cascade through degradation of the basement membrane and surrounding stroma. Cortactin, a critical component of invadopodia, frequently used as an invadopodia marker, a universally important player in invadopodia function, and is frequently overexpressed in cancer, but the exact mechanism of regulation is not yet fully understood.
Methods: The expression level of CTTN in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell migration, invasion and invadopodia formation were assessed in vitro by wound-healing, transwell assay and immunofluorescence, respectively. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the direct target of miR-182.
Results: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) can induce CTTN expression, motility, and invasion ability, as well as invadopodia formation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Moreover, miR-182 suppressed metastasis and invadopodia formation by targeting CTTN in NSCLC. Our qRT-PCR results showed that CTTN expression was inversely correlated with miR-182 expression that suppressed invadopodia formation via suppression of the Cdc42/N-WASP pathway. Furthermore, miR-182 negatively regulated invadopodia function, and suppressed extracellular matrix(ECM) degradation in lung cancer cells by inhibiting cortactin.
Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrated that miR-182 targeted CTTN gene in NSCLC and suppressed lung cancer invadopodia formation, and thus suppressed lung cancer metastasis. This suggests a therapeutic application of miR-182 in NSCLC.
Keywords: Cortactin; Invadopodia; Lung cancer; Metastasis; miRNA-182.