Piper sarmentosum Effects on 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Enzyme in Serum and Bone in Rat Model of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

Molecules. 2016 Nov 15;21(11):1523. doi: 10.3390/molecules21111523.

Abstract

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is one of the common causes of secondary osteoporosis. Piper sarmentosum (Ps) extract possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we determined the correlation between the effects of Ps leaf water extract with the regulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) type 1 enzyme activity in serum and bone of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into following: G1: sham-operated group administered with intramuscular vehicle olive oil and vehicle normal saline orally; G2: adrenalectomized (adrx) control group given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 μg/kg/day) and vehicle normal saline orally; G3: adrx group given intramuscular dexamethasone (120 μg/kg/day) and water extract of Piper sarmentosum (125 mg/kg/day) orally. After two months, the femur and serum were taken for ELISA analysis. Results showed that Ps leaf water extract significantly reduced the femur corticosterone concentration (p < 0.05). This suggests that Ps leaf water extract was able to prevent bone loss due to long-term glucocorticoid therapy by acting locally on the bone cells by increasing the dehydrogenase action of 11β-HSD type 1. Thus, Ps may have the potential to be used as an alternative medicine against osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture in patients on long-term glucocorticoid treatment.

Keywords: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; Piper sarmentosum; glucocorticoid; osteoporosis.

MeSH terms

  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / blood
  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Biomarkers
  • Body Weight / drug effects
  • Bone and Bones / drug effects*
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism*
  • Corticosterone / blood
  • Corticosterone / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Glucocorticoids / adverse effects*
  • Osteoporosis / blood
  • Osteoporosis / drug therapy
  • Osteoporosis / etiology*
  • Osteoporosis / metabolism*
  • Piper / chemistry*
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Rats

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Plant Extracts
  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
  • Corticosterone