Ethanol extract of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root exhibits an anti-adipogenic effect in human pre-adipocytes and anti-obesity and anti-oxidant effects in rats fed a high-fat diet

Nutr Res. 2014 Mar;34(3):258-67. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 Jan 21.

Abstract

Lotus (Nelumbo Nucifera) root, a well-known medicinal plant in Asia, is reported to have various therapeutic benefits, including anti-diabetes, anti-hypertension, and anti-hyperlipidaemia. We hypothesized that the ethanol extract of lotus root (ELR) would exhibit an anti-adipogenic effect in human pre-adipocytes as well as anti-obesity and anti-oxidant effects in rats fed a high-fat diet. Treatment with ELR in human pre-adipocytes resulted in inhibition of lipid accumulation and attenuated expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and adipocyte marker genes, such as glucose transporter 4 and leptin. Administration of ELR resulted in a significant decrease in relative weights of adipose tissues in rats fed a high-fat diet. Consumption of a high-fat diet resulted in an increase in serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels; however, administration of ELR resulted in a decrease in the levels of TC and TG. Administration of ELR resulted in a decrease in the level of serum leptin and insulin. Administration of ELR in rats fed a high-fat diet resulted in a decrease in hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content, elevated by a high-fat diet and an increase in superoxide dismutase activity and hepatic glutathione content. These results suggest that lotus root exerts anti-oxidant and anti-obesity effects and could be used as a functional and nutraceutical ingredient in combatting obesity-related diseases.

Keywords: Adipocyte; Ani-oxidant; Anti-obesity; Lotus (Nelumbo Nucifera) root; Rat.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes / drug effects*
  • Adipocytes / metabolism
  • Adipokines / blood
  • Adipose Tissue / drug effects
  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Energy Intake / drug effects
  • Flavonoids / analysis
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood
  • Leptin / blood
  • Male
  • Nelumbo / chemistry*
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Roots / chemistry*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Superoxide Dismutase / blood
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / metabolism
  • Triglycerides / blood
  • Weight Gain / drug effects

Substances

  • Adipokines
  • Anti-Obesity Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Flavonoids
  • Insulin
  • Leptin
  • Phenols
  • Plant Extracts
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
  • Triglycerides
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Glutathione