The present study investigated the involvement of spinal glutamate receptors in the induction and maintenance of the pain-related behaviors induced by the venom of scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK). (5R,10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]-cyclohepten-5-10-imine hydrogen maleate (MK-801; 40nmol; a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist), 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX; 40nmol; a non-NMDA receptor antagonist), dl-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid (dl-AP3; 100nmol; a group I metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist) and 4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate (APDC; 100nmol; a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist) were employed. On intrathecal injection of glutamate receptor antagonists/agonist before BmK venom administration by 10min, BmK venom-induced spontaneous nociceptive responses could be suppressed by all tested agents. Primary thermal hyperalgesia could be inhibited by MK-801 and dl-AP3, while bilateral mechanical hyperalgesia could be inhibited by CNQX and dl-AP3 and contralateral mechanical hyperalgesia could be inhibited by APDC. On intrathecal injection of glutamate receptor antagonists/agonist after BmK venom injection by 4.5h, primary thermal hyperalgesia could be partially reversed by all tested agents, while bilateral mechanical hyperalgesia could only be inhibited by APDC. The results suggest that the role of spinal glutamate receptors may be different on the various manifestations of BmK venom-induced pain-related behaviors.