Oligosaccharide mimics containing galactose and fucose specifically label tumour cell surfaces and inhibit cell adhesion to fibronectin

Chembiochem. 2005 Feb;6(2):422-31. doi: 10.1002/cbic.200400092.

Abstract

With the aim of establishing a versatile and easy synthesis of branched saccharides for biological applications, we used molecular-dynamics simulations to model Lewis(y) to two classes of di- or triantennary saccharide mimetics. One set of mimetics was based on 1,3,5-tris(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane (TMC) as the core, the other on furan, and both were derivatised with galactose and/or fucose. The TMC-based saccharides were biotinylated, while the furan disaccharides were treated with maleimide-activated biotin in a Diels-Alder fashion to yield oxazatricyclodecanes (OTDs). These were then assayed as cell-surface labels in human colon (SW480 and CaCo-2), liver (PLC), Glia (U333 CG 343) and ovary (SKOV-3) tumour cell lines. Discrete staining patterns were observed in all cells, usually at one or two poles of the cells, particularly with the asymmetric 3-beta-L-fucopyranosyloxymethyl-4-beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl-OTD. Normal SV40-transformed fibroblasts (SV80) showed no staining. Adhesion of the highly metastatic mouse melanoma line B16 F10 to fibronectin was inhibited by 80 % by the TMC-digalactoside and by 30 % by 3,4-bis-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl)furan. None of the saccharide mimetics inhibited the adhesion of the less metastatic B16 F1 line. Migration of B16 F10 cells through Matrigel was greatly inhibited by the TMC-digalactoside and weakly inhibited by the TMC-trigalactoside. The saccharide mimetics that had shown the best structural agreements with the terminal saccharides of Lewis(y) in the molecular dynamics simulation were also the most biologically potent compounds; this underlines the predictive nature of molecular dynamics simulations. The use of the non-saccharide cores enabled us to adapt spacer lengths and terminal saccharides to optimise the structures to bind more avidly to cell-surface lectins.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carbohydrate Conformation
  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Cell Adhesion*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Cell Movement
  • Collagen / metabolism
  • Computer Simulation
  • Drug Combinations
  • Fibronectins / metabolism*
  • Fucose / chemistry*
  • Fucose / metabolism
  • Galactose / chemistry*
  • Galactose / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Laminin / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Molecular Mimicry
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oligosaccharides / chemical synthesis
  • Oligosaccharides / chemistry*
  • Oligosaccharides / metabolism*
  • Proteoglycans / metabolism

Substances

  • Drug Combinations
  • Fibronectins
  • Laminin
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Proteoglycans
  • matrigel
  • Fucose
  • Collagen
  • Galactose