Effects of tetramethylpiperidine (TMP)-substituted phenazines on membrane stability and P-glycoprotein function

Int J Oncol. 2001 Sep;19(3):579-83. doi: 10.3892/ijo.19.3.579.

Abstract

The lipophilicity and membrane-destabilizing activities of clofazimine and three tetramethyl-piperidine (TMP)-substituted phenazines were compared with the anti-tumor and multiple drug resistance (MDR) neutralizing potential of these agents using a P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-expressing small cell lung cancer cell line (H69/LX4). Partition coefficients were measured as an index of lipophilicity, while membrane-destabilizing potential was measured using a conventional hemolytic assay. The membrane-destabilizing potential of the TMP-substituted phenazines was found to correlate positively with the degree of lipophilicity, as well as with MDR reversal activity. The presence of a TMP group, as well as chlorine atoms on the phenyl and anilino rings of these agents contributed to the enhancement of anti-tumor activity by potentiating membrane-destabilizing activity. TMP-substituted phenazines may be useful in the design of novel anti-cancer and MDR reversal agents.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism*
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Carcinoma, Small Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Small Cell / metabolism
  • Cell Membrane / drug effects*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Clofazimine / analogs & derivatives
  • Clofazimine / pharmacology*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Membrane Fluidity / drug effects
  • Quinolines
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazoles / metabolism
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / drug effects*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / metabolism
  • Vinblastine / pharmacology

Substances

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Quinolines
  • Thiazoles
  • thiazole orange
  • Vinblastine
  • Clofazimine