A new example of atypical oxyphilic metaplasia (AOM) of the uterine endocervix occurring in a 37-year-old female is presented. This rare lesion is worrisome in appearance but entirely indolent and needs to be distinguished from glandular atypia or adenocarcinoma in situ of the cervix. In the present case, there were seen transitions between AOM and tubal metaplasia in some cervical glands. Additionally, similar eosinophilic and ciliated changes were found in the endometrium. These findings suggest that AOM, tubal metaplasia of the cervix and eosinophilic metaplasia of the endometrium may be related from the pathogenetic viewpoint.