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Truncation in the tcdC region of the Clostridium difficile PathLoc of clinical isolates does not predict increased biological activity of Toxin B or Toxin A.

Murray R, Boyd D, Levett PN, Mulvey MR, Alfa MJ.

BMC Infect Dis. 2009 Jun 28;9:103.PMID: 19558711 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

tcdC genotypes associated with severe TcdC truncation in an epidemic clone and other strains of Clostridium difficile.

Curry SR, Marsh JW, Muto CA, O'Leary MM, Pasculle AW, Harrison LH.

J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Jan;45(1):215-21. Epub 2006 Oct 11. Erratum in: J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Jun;45(6):2103. PMID: 17035492 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Molecular analysis of the pathogenicity locus and polymorphism in the putative negative regulator of toxin production (TcdC) among Clostridium difficile clinical isolates.

Spigaglia P, Mastrantonio P.

J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Sep;40(9):3470-5.PMID: 12202595 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Clostridium difficile toxin synthesis is negatively regulated by TcdC.

Dupuy B, Govind R, Antunes A, Matamouros S.

J Med Microbiol. 2008 Jun;57(Pt 6):685-9. Review.PMID: 18480323 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Genetic relatedness of Clostridium difficile isolates from various origins determined by triple-locus sequence analysis based on toxin regulatory genes tcdC, tcdR, and cdtR.

Bouvet PJ, Popoff MR.

J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Nov;46(11):3703-13. Epub 2008 Oct 1.PMID: 18832125 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Clostridium difficile toxin expression is inhibited by the novel regulator TcdC.

Matamouros S, England P, Dupuy B.

Mol Microbiol. 2007 Jun;64(5):1274-88.PMID: 17542920 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparative analysis of BI/NAP1/027 hypervirulent strains reveals novel toxin B-encoding gene (tcdB) sequences.

Stabler RA, Dawson LF, Phua LT, Wren BW.

J Med Microbiol. 2008 Jun;57(Pt 6):771-5.PMID: 18480336 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile.

McDonald LC, Killgore GE, Thompson A, Owens RC Jr, Kazakova SV, Sambol SP, Johnson S, Gerding DN.

N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 8;353(23):2433-41. Epub 2005 Dec 1.PMID: 16322603 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe.

Warny M, Pepin J, Fang A, Killgore G, Thompson A, Brazier J, Frost E, McDonald LC.

Lancet. 2005 Sep 24-30;366(9491):1079-84.PMID: 16182895 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparison of seven techniques for typing international epidemic strains of Clostridium difficile: restriction endonuclease analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PCR-ribotyping, multilocus sequence typing, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and surface layer protein A gene sequence typing.

Killgore G, Thompson A, Johnson S, Brazier J, Kuijper E, Pepin J, Frost EH, Savelkoul P, Nicholson B, van den Berg RJ, Kato H, Sambol SP, Zukowski W, Woods C, Limbago B, Gerding DN, McDonald LC.

J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Feb;46(2):431-7. Epub 2007 Nov 26.PMID: 18039796 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Rapid detection of the Clostridium difficile ribotype 027 tcdC gene frame shift mutation at position 117 by real-time PCR and melt curve analysis.

Wolff D, Brüning T, Gerritzen A.

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009 Aug;28(8):959-62. Epub 2009 Mar 31.PMID: 19333630 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Effect of phage infection on toxin production by Clostridium difficile.

Goh S, Chang BJ, Riley TV.

J Med Microbiol. 2005 Feb;54(Pt 2):129-35.PMID: 15673505 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Characterisation of Clostridium difficile isolates by slpA and tcdC gene sequencing.

Joost I, Speck K, Herrmann M, von Müller L.

Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2009 Mar;33 Suppl 1:S13-8.PMID: 19303562 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Transcription analysis of the genes tcdA-E of the pathogenicity locus of Clostridium difficile.

Hundsberger T, Braun V, Weidmann M, Leukel P, Sauerborn M, von Eichel-Streiber C.

Eur J Biochem. 1997 Mar 15;244(3):735-42.PMID: 9108241 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Comparative analysis of Clostridium difficile clinical isolates belonging to different genetic lineages and time periods.

Spigaglia P, Mastrantonio P.

J Med Microbiol. 2004 Nov;53(Pt 11):1129-36.PMID: 15496392 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile responsible for a nosocomial outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Alfa MJ, Kabani A, Lyerly D, Moncrief S, Neville LM, Al-Barrak A, Harding GK, Dyck B, Olekson K, Embil JM.

J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Jul;38(7):2706-14.PMID: 10878068 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Analysis of the pathogenicity locus in Clostridium difficile strains.

Cohen SH, Tang YJ, Silva J Jr.

J Infect Dis. 2000 Feb;181(2):659-63.PMID: 10669352 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Variant forms of the binary toxin CDT locus and tcdC gene in Clostridium difficile strains.

Stare BG, Delmée M, Rupnik M.

J Med Microbiol. 2007 Mar;56(Pt 3):329-35.PMID: 17314362 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Detection of virulence genes of Clostridium difficile by multiplex PCR.

Antikainen J, Pasanen T, Mero S, Tarkka E, Kirveskari J, Kotila S, Mentula S, Könönen E, Virolainen-Julkunen AR, Vaara M, Tissari P.

APMIS. 2009 Aug;117(8):607-13.PMID: 19664132 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Binary toxin production in Clostridium difficile is regulated by CdtR, a LytTR family response regulator.

Carter GP, Lyras D, Allen DL, Mackin KE, Howarth PM, O'Connor JR, Rood JI.

J Bacteriol. 2007 Oct;189(20):7290-301. Epub 2007 Aug 10.PMID: 17693517 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article