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Lower metabolic rate in individuals heterozygous for either a frameshift or a functional missense MC4R variant.

Krakoff J, Ma L, Kobes S, Knowler WC, Hanson RL, Bogardus C, Baier LJ.

Diabetes. 2008 Dec;57(12):3267-72. Epub 2008 Oct 3.PMID: 18835933 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Melanocortin 4 receptor gene variation is associated with severe obesity in Pima Indians.

Ma L, Tataranni PA, Bogardus C, Baier LJ.

Diabetes. 2004 Oct;53(10):2696-9.PMID: 15448103 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Metabolic effects of the Gly1057Asp polymorphism in IRS-2 and interactions with obesity.

Stefan N, Kovacs P, Stumvoll M, Hanson RL, Lehn-Stefan A, Permana PA, Baier LJ, Tataranni PA, Silver K, Bogardus C.

Diabetes. 2003 Jun;52(6):1544-50.PMID: 12765968 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Daily energy expenditure in Mexican and USA Pima indians: low physical activity as a possible cause of obesity.

Esparza J, Fox C, Harper IT, Bennett PH, Schulz LO, Valencia ME, Ravussin E.

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jan;24(1):55-9.PMID: 10702751 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Genetic variation in UCP2 (uncoupling protein-2) is associated with energy metabolism in Pima Indians.

Kovacs P, Ma L, Hanson RL, Franks P, Stumvoll M, Bogardus C, Baier LJ.

Diabetologia. 2005 Nov;48(11):2292-5. Epub 2005 Sep 16.PMID: 16167150 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Obesity-related phenotypes and the beta3-adrenoceptor gene variant in postmenopausal women.

Tchernof A, Starling RD, Walston JD, Shuldiner AR, Dvorak RV, Silver K, Matthews DE, Poehlman ET.

Diabetes. 1999 Jul;48(7):1425-8.PMID: 10389848 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Common variation in SIM1 is reproducibly associated with BMI in Pima Indians.

Traurig M, Mack J, Hanson RL, Ghoussaini M, Meyre D, Knowler WC, Kobes S, Froguel P, Bogardus C, Baier LJ.

Diabetes. 2009 Jul;58(7):1682-9. Epub 2009 Apr 28.PMID: 19401419 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Identification and functional characterization of three novel human melanocortin-4 receptor gene variants in an obese Chinese population.

Rong R, Tao YX, Cheung BM, Xu A, Cheung GC, Lam KS.

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Aug;65(2):198-205.PMID: 16886960 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure in Pima Indians with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Fontvieille AM, Lillioja S, Ferraro RT, Schulz LO, Rising R, Ravussin E.

Diabetologia. 1992 Aug;35(8):753-9.PMID: 1511802 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

A novel missense substitution (Val1483Ile) in the fatty acid synthase gene (FAS) is associated with percentage of body fat and substrate oxidation rates in nondiabetic Pima Indians.

Kovacs P, Harper I, Hanson RL, Infante AM, Bogardus C, Tataranni PA, Baier LJ.

Diabetes. 2004 Jul;53(7):1915-9.PMID: 15220220 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Prevalence, spectrum, and functional characterization of melanocortin-4 receptor gene mutations in a representative population-based sample and obese adults from Germany.

Hinney A, Bettecken T, Tarnow P, Brumm H, Reichwald K, Lichtner P, Scherag A, Nguyen TT, Schlumberger P, Rief W, Vollmert C, Illig T, Wichmann HE, Schäfer H, Platzer M, Biebermann H, Meitinger T, Hebebrand J.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;91(5):1761-9. Epub 2006 Feb 21.PMID: 16492696 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Association of the melanocortin-4 receptor V103I polymorphism with dietary intake in severely obese persons.

Pichler M, Kollerits B, Heid IM, Hunt SC, Adams TD, Hopkins PN, Kronenberg F.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep;88(3):797-800.PMID: 18779298 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

The relation between two polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor gene and body mass index, blood pressure and cholesterol in obese patients.

Di Blasio AM, van Rossum EF, Maestrini S, Berselli ME, Tagliaferri M, Podestà F, Koper JW, Liuzzi A, Lamberts SW.

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003 Jul;59(1):68-74.PMID: 12807506 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Increased 24-h energy expenditure in type 2 diabetes.

Bitz C, Toubro S, Larsen TM, Harder H, Rennie KL, Jebb SA, Astrup A.

Diabetes Care. 2004 Oct;27(10):2416-21.PMID: 15451910 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Synergistic effect of polymorphisms in uncoupling protein 1 and beta3-adrenergic receptor genes on basal metabolic rate in obese Finns.

Valve R, Heikkinen S, Rissanen A, Laakso M, Uusitupa M.

Diabetologia. 1998 Mar;41(3):357-61.PMID: 9541178 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

[Prevalence of melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) mutations and polymorphismsin consecutively ascertained obese children and adolescents from a pediatric health care utilization population]

Zakel UA, Wudy SA, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Görg T, Schäfer H, Gortner L, Blum WF, Hebebrand J, Hinney A.

Klin Padiatr. 2005 Jul-Aug;217(4):244-9. German. PMID: 16032553 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Energy metabolism in obesity. Studies in the Pima Indians.

Ravussin E.

Diabetes Care. 1993 Jan;16(1):232-8. Review.PMID: 8422781 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Determinants of energy expenditure and fuel utilization in man: effects of body composition, age, sex, ethnicity and glucose tolerance in 916 subjects.

Weyer C, Snitker S, Rising R, Bogardus C, Ravussin E.

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999 Jul;23(7):715-22.PMID: 10454105 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Melanocortin 4 receptor mutations in a large cohort of severely obese adults: prevalence, functional classification, genotype-phenotype relationship, and lack of association with binge eating.

Lubrano-Berthelier C, Dubern B, Lacorte JM, Picard F, Shapiro A, Zhang S, Bertrais S, Hercberg S, Basdevant A, Clement K, Vaisse C.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;91(5):1811-8. Epub 2006 Feb 28.PMID: 16507637 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Association of dopamine D2 receptor polymorphisms Ser311Cys and TaqIA with obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians.

Jenkinson CP, Hanson R, Cray K, Wiedrich C, Knowler WC, Bogardus C, Baier L.

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Oct;24(10):1233-8.PMID: 11093282 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles