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Overview of research designs.

Clancy MJ.

Emerg Med J. 2002 Nov;19(6):546-9. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 12421782 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Research methodology.

Dunn WR, Lyman S, Marx R; ISAKOS Scientific Committee.

Arthroscopy. 2003 Oct;19(8):870-3. Review.PMID: 14551552 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

[Classification bias in epidemiological studies]

Zieliński A.

Przegl Epidemiol. 2008;62(2):461-70. Polish. PMID: 18807495 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Two-group experimental designs.

Brink PJ.

West J Nurs Res. 2003 Oct;25(6):619-22. No abstract available. PMID: 14528614 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Sources of error in clinical research.

Kumar R, Kumar S.

Indian Pediatr. 1996 Dec;33(12):1029-32. No abstract available. PMID: 9141804 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Analytical study designs--I.

Lobo MA, Qureshi AF.

J Pak Med Assoc. 1994 Feb;44(2):54-6. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 8040996 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Adjusting results for confounding bias.

Ranstam J.

Acta Radiol. 2008 Sep;49(7):769-70. No abstract available. PMID: 19143063 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Bias in research.

Agabegi SS, Stern PJ.

Am J Orthop. 2008 May;37(5):242-8.PMID: 18587501 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Methods to adjust for bias and confounding in critical care health services research involving observational data.

Wunsch H, Linde-Zwirble WT, Angus DC.

J Crit Care. 2006 Mar;21(1):1-7.PMID: 16616616 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Confounding and effect modification: their significance in medical research.

Olayinka BA.

Cent Afr J Med. 1997 Jan;43(1):27-8. No abstract available. PMID: 9185379 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Bias: adding to the uncertainty.

Sparrow JM, Thompson JR.

Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Jun;83(6):637-8. No abstract available. PMID: 10340965 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Improving the evidence base in surgery: sources of bias in surgical studies.

Young JM, Solomon MJ.

ANZ J Surg. 2003 Jul;73(7):504-6.PMID: 12864825 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Reasons for caution when evaluating health care interventions using non-randomised study designs.

Reeves BC.

Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2004 Aug;11 Suppl 1:40-5.PMID: 15353902 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Few systematic reviews exist documenting the extent of bias: a systematic review.

Tricco AC, Tetzlaff J, Sampson M, Fergusson D, Cogo E, Horsley T, Moher D.

J Clin Epidemiol. 2008 May;61(5):422-34. Review.PMID: 18394534 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Four different study designs to evaluate vaccine safety were equally validated with contrasting limitations.

Glanz JM, McClure DL, Xu S, Hambidge SJ, Lee M, Kolczak MS, Kleinman K, Mullooly JP, France EK.

J Clin Epidemiol. 2006 Aug;59(8):808-18. Epub 2006 Mar 15.PMID: 16828674 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

A statistics primer.

Greenfield ML, Kuhn JE, Wojtys EM.

Am J Sports Med. 1996 May-Jun;24(3):393-5. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 8734894 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

[Use of nonparametric methods for controlling unseen confounding variables in ecological time-series studies]

Figueiras A, Saez M, Tobias A.

Gac Sanit. 1999 Sep-Oct;13(5):417-8. Spanish. No abstract available. PMID: 10681201 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Methodologic challenges to studying patient safety and comparative effectiveness.

Strom BL.

Med Care. 2007 Oct;45(10 Supl 2):S13-5.PMID: 17909371 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Interpretation of observational studies.

Jepsen P, Johnsen SP, Gillman MW, Sørensen HT.

Heart. 2004 Aug;90(8):956-60. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 15253985 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

When are observational studies as credible as randomised trials?

Vandenbroucke JP.

Lancet. 2004 May 22;363(9422):1728-31. No abstract available. PMID: 15158638 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles