PubMed

Fatal pseudomembranous colitis associated with a variant clostridium difficile strain not detected by toxin A immunoassay.

Johnson S, Kent SA, O'Leary KJ, Merrigan MM, Sambol SP, Peterson LR, Gerding DN.

Ann Intern Med. 2001 Sep 18;135(6):434-8.PMID: 11560456 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Pseudomembranous colitis caused by toxin A-negative/toxin B-positive variant strain of Clostridium difficile.

Toyokawa M, Ueda A, Tsukamoto H, Nishi I, Horikawa M, Sunada A, Asari S.

J Infect Chemother. 2003 Dec;9(4):351-4.PMID: 14691659 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Toxin gene analysis of a variant strain of Clostridium difficile that causes human clinical disease.

Sambol SP, Merrigan MM, Lyerly D, Gerding DN, Johnson S.

Infect Immun. 2000 Oct;68(10):5480-7.PMID: 10992443 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Prevalence and genetic characterization of toxin A variant strains of Clostridium difficile among adults and children with diarrhea in France.

Barbut F, Lalande V, Burghoffer B, Thien HV, Grimprel E, Petit JC.

J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Jun;40(6):2079-83.PMID: 12037068 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Summaries for patients. Fatal inflammatory condition in a patient with a variant bacterial strain.

[No authors listed]

Ann Intern Med. 2001 Sep 18;135(6):S-41. No abstract available. PMID: 11575281 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Detection of toxin production in Clostridium difficile strains by three different methods.

Yücesoy M, McCoubrey J, Brown R, Poxton IR.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2002 Jul;8(7):413-8.PMID: 12199851 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Evaluation of six commercial assays for the rapid detection of Clostridium difficile toxin and/or antigen in stool specimens.

Vanpoucke H, De Baere T, Claeys G, Vaneechoutte M, Verschraegen G.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001 Feb;7(2):55-64.PMID: 11298143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Evaluation of three rapid assays for detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B in stool specimens.

Rüssmann H, Panthel K, Bader RC, Schmitt C, Schaumann R.

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007 Feb;26(2):115-9.PMID: 17211606 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Clinical features of Clostridium difficile-associated infections and molecular characterization of strains: results of a retrospective study, 2000-2004.

Barbut F, Gariazzo B, Bonné L, Lalande V, Burghoffer B, Luiuz R, Petit JC.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007 Feb;28(2):131-9. Epub 2007 Jan 24.PMID: 17265393 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Emergence and control of fluoroquinolone-resistant, toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile.

Drudy D, Harnedy N, Fanning S, Hannan M, Kyne L.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007 Aug;28(8):932-40. Epub 2007 Jun 29.PMID: 17620240 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

How to detect Clostridium difficile variant strains in a routine laboratory.

Rupnik M.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001 Aug;7(8):417-20. Review.PMID: 11591204 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparison of real-time PCR for detection of the tcdC gene with four toxin immunoassays and culture in diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection.

Sloan LM, Duresko BJ, Gustafson DR, Rosenblatt JE.

J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Jun;46(6):1996-2001. Epub 2008 Apr 23.PMID: 18434563 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Laboratory diagnosis of toxigenic Clostridium difficile by polymerase chain reaction: presence of toxin genes and their stable expression in toxigenic isolates from Japanese individuals.

Karasawa T, Nojiri T, Hayashi Y, Maegawa T, Yamakawa K, Wang XM, Nakamura S.

J Gastroenterol. 1999 Feb;34(1):41-5.PMID: 10204609 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis: usefulness of Premier Cytoclone A+B enzyme immunoassay for combined detection of stool toxins and toxigenic C. difficile strains.

Lozniewski A, Rabaud C, Dotto E, Weber M, Mory F.

J Clin Microbiol. 2001 May;39(5):1996-8.PMID: 11326033 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Multiplex PCR targeting tpi (triose phosphate isomerase), tcdA (Toxin A), and tcdB (Toxin B) genes for toxigenic culture of Clostridium difficile.

Lemee L, Dhalluin A, Testelin S, Mattrat MA, Maillard K, Lemeland JF, Pons JL.

J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Dec;42(12):5710-4.PMID: 15583303 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Colitis associated with variant Clostridium difficile.

Deming QB, Hyman ES.

Ann Intern Med. 2002 Aug 20;137(4):297-8; author reply 297-8. No abstract available. PMID: 12186530 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Emerging toxin A-B+ variant strain of Clostridium difficile responsible for pseudomembranous colitis at a tertiary care hospital in Korea.

Shin BM, Kuak EY, Yoo SJ, Shin WC, Yoo HM.

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 Apr;60(4):333-7. Epub 2007 Dec 20.PMID: 18082994 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparison of the premier toxin A and B assay and the TOX A/B II assay for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection.

Novak-Weekley SM, Hollingsworth MH.

Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Mar;15(3):575-8. Epub 2008 Jan 2.PMID: 18175802 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from horses in an intensive care unit and association of disease severity with strain type.

Magdesian KG, Dujowich M, Madigan JE, Hansen LM, Hirsh DC, Jang SS.

J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006 Mar 1;228(5):751-5.PMID: 16506942 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Evaluation of four methods for detection of Clostridium difficile or C. difficile toxin: cytotoxin assay, culture, latex agglutination, and a new rapid immunoassay (C. difficile toxin A test).

Fille M, Larcher C, Dierich MP, Allerberger F.

Z Gastroenterol. 1998 Feb;36(2):143-9.PMID: 9544497 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles