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Therapy focused on lowering postprandial glucose, not fasting glucose, may be superior for lowering HbA1c. IOEZ Study Group.

Bastyr EJ 3rd, Stuart CA, Brodows RG, Schwartz S, Graf CJ, Zagar A, Robertson KE.

Diabetes Care. 2000 Sep;23(9):1236-41.PMID: 10977012 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Mealtime 50/50 basal + prandial insulin analogue mixture with a basal insulin analogue, both plus metformin, in the achievement of target HbA1c and pre- and postprandial blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multinational, 24-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group comparison.

Robbins DC, Beisswenger PJ, Ceriello A, Goldberg RB, Moses RG, Pagkalos EM, Milicevic Z, Jones CA, Sarwat S, Tan MH.

Clin Ther. 2007 Nov;29(11):2349-64.PMID: 18158076 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Humalog Mix 25 in patients with type 2 diabetes which do not achieve acceptable glycemic control with oral agents: results from a phase III, randomized, parallel study.

Tîrgovişte CI, Străchinariu R, Farcaşiu E, Milicevic Z, Teodorescu G.

Rom J Intern Med. 2003;41(2):153-62.PMID: 15526500 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better post-dinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. HOE 901/3002 Study Group.

Yki-Järvinen H, Dressler A, Ziemen M; HOE 901/300s Study Group.

Diabetes Care. 2000 Aug;23(8):1130-6.PMID: 10937510 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Glycemic control with Humalog Mix25 in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with glyburide.

Roach, Koledova E, Metcalfe S, Hultman C, Milicevic Z; Romania/Russia Mix25 Study Group.

Clin Ther. 2001 Oct;23(10):1732-44.PMID: 11726007 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Intensive replacement of basal insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes given rapid-acting insulin analog at mealtime: a 3-month comparison between administration of NPH insulin four times daily and glargine insulin at dinner or bedtime.

Rossetti P, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, Porcellati F, Costa E, Torlone E, Scionti L, Bolli GB.

Diabetes Care. 2003 May;26(5):1490-6.PMID: 12716810 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Optimization of evening insulin dose in patients using the short-acting insulin analog lispro.

Ahmed AB, Mallias J, Home PD.

Diabetes Care. 1998 Jul;21(7):1162-6.PMID: 9653613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Effects of multiple daily injection therapy with Humalog mixtures versus separately injected insulin lispro and NPH insulin in adults with type I diabetes mellitus.

Roach P, Bai S, Charbonnel B, Consoli A, Taboga C, Tiengo A, Bolli G; High Mix Study Group.

Clin Ther. 2004 Apr;26(4):502-10.PMID: 15189747 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Premeal insulin lispro plus bedtime NPH or twice-daily NPH in patients with type 2 diabetes: acute postprandial and chronic effects on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors.

Ceriello A, Del Prato S, Bue-Valleskey J, Beattie S, Gates J, de la Peña A, Malone J.

J Diabetes Complications. 2007 Jan-Feb;21(1):20-7.PMID: 17189870 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Prandial insulin substitution with insulin lispro or insulin lispro mid mixture vs. basal therapy with insulin glargine: a randomized controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes beginning insulin therapy.

Kazda C, Hülstrunk H, Helsberg K, Langer F, Forst T, Hanefeld M.

J Diabetes Complications. 2006 May-Jun;20(3):145-52.PMID: 16632233 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparison of lunch and bedtime NPH insulin plus mealtime insulin Lispro therapy with premeal regular insulin plus bedtime NPH insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes.

Sargin H, Sargin M, Altuntaş Y, Sengül AM, Orbay E, Seber S, Uçak S, Yayla A.

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2003 Nov;62(2):79-86.PMID: 14581144 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Safety and efficacy of normalizing fasting glucose with bedtime NPH insulin alone in NIDDM.

Cusi K, Cunningham GR, Comstock JP.

Diabetes Care. 1995 Jun;18(6):843-51.PMID: 7555511 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Comparative efficacy of preprandial or postprandial Humalog Mix75/25 versus glyburide in patients 60 to 80 years of age with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Herz M, Sun B, Milicevic Z, Erickson P, Fövènyi J, Grzywa M, Pelikanova T.

Clin Ther. 2002 Jan;24(1):73-86.PMID: 11833837 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Contribution of postprandial versus interprandial blood glucose to HbA1c in type 1 diabetes on physiologic intensive therapy with lispro insulin at mealtime.

Ciofetta M, Lalli C, Del Sindaco P, Torlone E, Pampanelli S, Mauro L, Chiara DL, Brunetti P, Bolli GB.

Diabetes Care. 1999 May;22(5):795-800.PMID: 10332684 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Comparison of additional metformin or NPH insulin to mealtime insulin lispro therapy with mealtime human insulin therapy in secondary OAD failure.

Altuntas Y, Ozen B, Ozturk B, Sengul A, Ucak S, Ersoy O, Karul S.

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003 Nov;5(6):371-8.PMID: 14617222 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Effects of QD insulin detemir or neutral protamine Hagedorn on blood glucose control in patients with type I diabetes mellitus using a basal-bolus regimen.

Russell-Jones D, Simpson R, Hylleberg B, Draeger E, Bolinder J.

Clin Ther. 2004 May;26(5):724-36.PMID: 15220016 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Twice daily biphasic insulin aspart improves postprandial glycaemic control more effectively than twice daily NPH insulin, with low risk of hypoglycaemia, in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Christiansen JS, Vaz JA, Metelko Z, Bogoev M, Dedov I.

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003 Nov;5(6):446-54.PMID: 14617231 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles

Long-term intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes with the short-acting insulin analog lispro in variable combination with NPH insulin at mealtime.

Lalli C, Ciofetta M, Del Sindaco P, Torlone E, Pampanelli S, Compagnucci P, Cartechini MG, Bartocci L, Brunetti P, Bolli GB.

Diabetes Care. 1999 Mar;22(3):468-77.PMID: 10097931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin.

Rosenstock J, Schwartz SL, Clark CM Jr, Park GD, Donley DW, Edwards MB.

Diabetes Care. 2001 Apr;24(4):631-6.PMID: 11315821 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article

Glargine is superior to neutral protamine Hagedorn for improving glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels during intensive insulin therapy.

Fulcher GR, Gilbert RE, Yue DK.

Intern Med J. 2005 Sep;35(9):536-42.PMID: 16105155 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles